Carmen Bunzl - Universidad Pontificia Comillas

Chapter 4. Case Study: Spain 175
Fugitive emissions include mainly CH4 that leak from gas fields and
pipelines, as well as from coal mines. Spain’s fugitive emissions are relatively
low (Table 4 – 7, column 2), as it does not significantly produce natural gas or
coal.
Table 4 - 7 . Indicators for Energy industries and fugitive emissions for Spain in 2005.
Share of national GHG emissions (%)
Energy Industries
Fugitive
emissions
CO2
emissions/KWh
(kg CO2 per kWh)
Share of
renewable energy
in electricity
production (%)
Share of nuclear
energy in electricity
production (%)
28,59 0,93 0,43 17,80 19,57
Another performance indicator for the Spanish electricity sector shown in
these tables is the carbon intensity of electricity generation, which is calculated
by dividing CO2 emissions from electricity production by the amount of
electricity generated. Spain’s 2005 value is around the Annex I average (Table 4
– 7, column 3). A high value indicates that the electricity generated is carbon
intensive, which is usually the case with electricity generated from coal and oil.
A low value indicates the use of renewable (Table 4 – 7, column 4) or nuclear
energy (Table 4 – 7, column 5) or a high share of combined heat and power
(CHP) generation.
2.3.2 Industry
Industry produces a significant share of emissions in all Annex I Parties,
including Spain (24,37% of GHG emissions in 2005). These emissions do not
include those associated with electricity produced for the electricity grid and
consumed by the industry. They include those from electricity produced by
industry for its own use.
Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Carmen Bunzl Boulet Junio 2008