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Chapter 4. Case Study: Spain 170
Countries differ in their mix of energy sources, which defines to some degree
the carbon intensity of TPES.
Figure 4 – 3 shows the development of TPES for Spain between 1971 and
2005. The percentage contribution of each of the energy sources to the TPES in
2005 is presented in Table 4 – 3. Spain is currently experiencing a significant
shift in relative shares of TPES, with natural gas increasing in importance at the
expense of coal and, to a lesser extent, oil; there is also a strong increase in the
share of renewable energy.
Table 4 - 3 . Mix of energy sources for Spain (Source: IEA Energy Statistics 2007).
Biomass/waste Geothermal/solar/wind Hydro Nuclear Gas Oil Coal
Share in TPES in 2005 3.5% 1.3% 1.2% 10.3% 20.5% 49.1% 14.1%
Figure 4 - 4 . Evolution of Total Primary Energy Supply(excluding electricity trade) from 1971 to 2005
for Spain (Source: IEA Energy Statistics 2007).
The TPES method measures the energy content of the first commodity or raw
material which is the basis for multiple energy uses before transformation into
final energy use. As such, no transformation losses are taken into account. For
Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Carmen Bunzl Boulet Junio 2008