Carmen Bunzl - Universidad Pontificia Comillas

Chapter 4. Case Study: Spain 177
Some countries are less populated per area than others and therefore may
have more transport activity. Spain’s population density (table 4 – 8, column 8)
is relatively low compared to countries such as Japan, Netherlands and
Belgium.
Table 4 - 8. Indicators for the transport sector for Spain (2004, 2005 data)
Share of
sector in
national
GHG
emissions
2005 (%)
GHG
emissions of
sector/capita
2005
(tCO2eq)
Fuel
efficiency of
passenger
cars 2004
(litre/100km)
Freight
transport
activity 2004
(tkm/capita)
Modal split of freight transport
2004 (%)
Road Rail Water
Population
density 2005
(people/km 2)
23.90 2.4 7.59 9054 86.5 3.1 10.4 86
2.3.4 Households and services
Emissions from this sector originate directly from fuel used for space heating
and indirectly from the use of electricity and heat. However, here indirect
emissions from electricity use are only included under energy industries and
fugitive emissions; therefore including only an incomplete picture of the direct
emissions (Table 4 – 9, columns 1 and 2).
The electricity use in households and services per capita is influenced by the
number and efficiency of electrical appliances used and the amount of
electricity that is used for heating and/or cooling. Spain’s value (Table 4 – 9,
column 3) is below the Annex I average.
Spain’s heating needs (Table 4 – 9, column 4) are low compared to most
Annex I countries’; however Spain’s cooling needs (Table 4 – 9, column 4) are
relatively high. This is due to Spain’s climatic conditions: very hot summers and
relatively cold winters.
Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería ICAI Carmen Bunzl Boulet Junio 2008