PLANT PROTECTION 1 â Pests, Diseases and Weeds

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PLANT PROTECTION 1 – Pests, Diseases and Weeds LIST OF SOME SPECIES COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME HOST RANGE (not exhaustive) (contd) LADYBIRDS (Family Coccinellidae) Leafeating Cucurbit ladybird Epilachna cucurbitae Cucurbits, many other plants ladybirds Twentysixspotted E. vigintioctopunctata Potato, tomato, sometimes potato ladybird pardalis beans, weeds Beneficial Predatory ladybirds Some feed on fungi ladybirds Common spotted Harmonia conformis ladybird Aphids, scales Fungus-feeding ladybird (bright yellow) Illeius galbula Powdery and downy mildews Mealybug ladybird Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Main targets are mealybugs and soft scales, but also other insects Mite-eating ladybirds Stethorus spp. Twospotted mite Mite-eating (tiny, black, 2 mm long) ladybird Transverse ladybird Scale-eating ladybird Spotted amber ladybird Transverse ladybird Vedalia ladybird Rhyzobius lophanthae Hippodamia variegata Coccinella transversalis Rodolia cardinalis 100 Insects and allied pests - Coleoptera (beetles, weevils) Scales Small insects, eg aphids, thrips Aphids, scales Cottonycushion scale Leaf beetles LEAF and FLEA BEETLES (Family Chrysomelidae) >3000 spp in Australia Bean weevil Acanthoscelides obtectus Beans Couch flea beetle Elm leaf beetle Eucalyptus tortoise Chaetocnema australica Pyrrhalta luteola Chrysophtharta spp. Turf, eg bent, couch Elms Eucalypts beetles Paropsis spp. Figleaf beetles Poneridia spp. Cultivated ornamental and fruiting and figs, native Moreton Bay fig Metallic flea beetles Haltica spp. Ornamentals, eg fuchsia, hibiscus, hollyhock, zinnia, weeds, eg mallow Orchid beetle Stethopachys formosa Orchids Palm leaf beetle Brontispa longissima Palms Pumpkin beetle Redshouldered leaf beetle Aulacophora hilaris Monolepta australis Cucurbits, related plants Fruit, ornamentals blossoms, tender foliage, fruit of a wide range of fruit and vegetables Swarming leaf beetles Rhyparida spp. Ornamentals, fruit, native trees, pasture species Staghorn fern beetle Halticorcus platycerii Ferns Leafminers Biological control agent Lantana leafminers Octotoma scabripennis Uroplata girardi Many scarab beetles, eg Dilochrosis walteri feed on flowers in southwest WA Nectar scarab. small native beetle up to 6 mm long SCARAB BEETLES (Family Scarabaeidae) African black beetle Heteronychus arator Argentine scarab Cyclocephala signaticollis Blackheaded pasture cockchafer Aphodius tasmaniae Lantana. Introduced biological control agents Grasses, other plants Grasses, other plants Grasses, clovers Christmas beetles Anoplognathus spp. Adults feed on foliage of eucalypt and other plants. Larvae feed on roots of grasses and garden plants Flower scarabs Protaetia spp. Flowers of trees, melaleuca, roses, wattle Japanese beetle Not known in Australia Nectar scarabs Pruinose scarab Popillia japonica Phyllotocus spp. Sericesthis geminata Destructive plant pest. Adults feed on foliage of fruit, many different plants, larvae attack roots of grasses, field crops, garden and nursery plants. Adult scarabs feed on pollen As for Christmas beetles
PLANT PROTECTION 1 – Pests, Diseases and Weeds LIST OF SOME SPECIES (contd) Not known in Australia Catarcus weevil chewing leaves. Endangered species Natural controls Soldier beetles About 13 mm long Biological control agents COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME HOST RANGE (not exhaustive) STORED PRODUCT PESTS (various families) Confused flour beetle Trilobium confusum Rice weevil Lesser grain borer Khapra beetle Sitophilus oryzae Rhyzopertha dominica Trogoderma granarium Damaged stored foodstuffs, seed, peanuts, chocolate, etc Undamaged grain, destructive pest of stored products The most serious pest of stored grain in Australia Grains, seeds, processed products; monitored at storage sites in export terminals & grain processors to maintain Australia’s pest-free status WEEVILS (Family Curculionidae) Apple root weevils Argentine stem weevil Botany Bay weevil Wattle pigs Perperus spp. Listronotus bonariensis Chrysolopus spectabilis Leptopius spp. Apples, pears, peaches Grasses and cereals Feed on wattles in east Australia Large and sluggish, bits of soil on its body, spends some time in soil Black vine weevil Otiorhynchus sulcatus Ornamentals, berry crops, nurseries Fruit-tree root weevil Leptopius squalidus Pome & stone fruits Fuller's rose weevil Asynonychus cervinus Roses, ornamentals, fruit trees Garden weevil Strawberry weevil Vegetable weevil Vine weevil Whitefringed weevil Phlyctinus callosus Rhinaria perdix Listroderes difficilis Orthorhinus klugi Graphognathus leucoloma OTHER FAMILIES Click beetles, Family Elateridae wireworms Driedfruit beetles Family Nitidulidae Small hive beetle Aethina tumida Broad-toothed stag Lissotes latidens beetle BENEFICIAL BEETLES Vegetables, succulents, eg cacti Strawberry Vegetables, weeds, etc Grape, black wattles Shrubs, fruit trees, vegetables Grass, flowers, grains, vegetables, can flick into the air Maturing fruit. Spreads brown rot of stone fruit Combs in honeybee colonies Rotting logs on the ground in Tasmania Ground beetles Family Carabidae Feed on caterpillars, insects, etc. Occasionally may damage plants Steelblue ladybird Halmus chalybeus Aphids, scale, other insects; was introduced to NZ from Australia for control of scales Chilocorus predators Chilocorus spp. Red, oriental & white louse scale Plague soldier beetle Chauliognathus lugubris Adults & larvae feed on insects. (Family Cantharidae) Adults weigh down plants when resting but may nibble cherries, etc. Larvae in soil mostly predatory, some feed on plant seeds and roots Rove beetles Staphylinidae Adults and larvae feed on ground dwelling insects, eggs and larvae Dung beetles Family Scarabaeidae (some native spp. endangered) of pest moths in gardens Adults roll balls of dung to store food for themselves and their larvae Chilocorus predators Chilocorus spp. Red, oriental, white louse scales Lantana leafminers Various species Lanatana camara Suppliers Predatory ladybirds Coccinellidae See previous page www.goodbugs.org.au/. Salvinia weevil Cyrtobagous salviniae Salvinia St John’s wort leaf beetles Seed-feeding weevils Chrysolina spp. Melanterius spp St John’s wort Wattles, introduced to South Africa from Australia for wattle control Fig 67. Rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae). Left: Adult (3 mm long). Centre: Larvae in seed. Right: Exit hole of adult Insects and allied pests - Coleoptera (beetles, weevils) 101
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Insect secretions PLANT PROTECTION
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Control methods Cultural methods.
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Root structure of dock (Rumex spp.)
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PLANT PROTECTION 1 â Pests, Diseases and Weeds

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PLANT PROTECTION 1 â Pests, Diseases and Weeds