PLANT PROTECTION 1 â Pests, Diseases and Weeds

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PLANT PROTECTION 1 – Pests, Diseases and Weeds LIST OF SOME SPECIES (contd) MEALYBUGS. SCALES. COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME HOST RANGE (not exhaustive) MEALYBUGS (Family Pseudococcidae) Longtailed mealybug Pseudococcus longispinus Wide host range. Major pest of glasshouses, indoor plants. Citrophilous mealybug P. calceolariae Citrus, grapevine, other hosts Hibiscus mealybug Maconellicoccus hirsutus Hibiscus Root mealybug Rhizoecus falcifer Many plant species Wattle mealybug Woolly giant mealybug SCALES (several families) Melanococcus albizziae Monophlebulus pilosior Armoured ARMOURED SCALES Family Diaspididae Scales Very small
PLANT PROTECTION 1 – Pests, Diseases and Weeds BUGS; HOPPERS; APHIDS, LERPS, MEALYBUGS, SCALES, WHITEFLIES Summary - Some exceptions BUGS HOPPERS SOME DISTINCTIVE FEATURES 1.Thickened region on forewing. 2.Wings held flat over body, tips usually overlap. 3.Antennae often long and conspicuous, jointed. 4.Sucking beak arises from front part of the head. 5.Some produce an offensive odour if disturbed, eg stink or shield bugs. 1.Forewings same through out, same texture. 2.Wings usually held roof-wise over body. 3.Antennae mostly short but may be long. 4.Sucking beak arises from hind part of head. PLANT DAMAGE DIRECT SUCKING DAMAGE. LEAVES Chlorotic mottling, eg lace bugs Wilting, eg bronze orange bug, harlequin bug Spots, eg acacia spotting bug FRUIT Distortion, eg apple dimpling FLOWERS bug, green mired bug Marking, eg green vegetable bug SHOOTS Wilting, eg crusader bug, Rutherglen bug INDIRECT DAMAGE. Disfigurement with frass, azalea lace bug. BENEFICIAL EFFECTS. Some bugs are beneficial, eg assassin bugs. DIRECT SUCKING DAMAGE. LEAVES Mottling, eg apple leafhopper Wilting, eg passionvine hopper INDIRECT DAMAGE. Secrete honeydew. Some transmit virus & virus-like diseases, common brown leafhopper transmits tomato big bud phytoplasma. APHIDS 1.Soft, globular body (enlarged central portion of abdomen), up to 8 mm long. Variable in colour. 2.Cornicles often present towards end of abdomen. 3.Wingless or winged with wings usually held vertically above body. 4.Wings same texture. 5.Unusual life cycle: Often complex and variable Eggs or live young Parthenogenesis or sexual reproduction DIRECT SUCKING DAMAGE. LEAVES Death, eg green peach aphid Distortion, eg cabbage aphid Galls, eg grape phylloxera FLOWERS Distortion, eg rose aphid, BUDS FRUIT STEMS TRUNK ROOTS black peach aphid Distortion, eg green peach aphid Fruit fall, eg woolly aphid Death of shoots (dieback), eg black peach aphid Shoot distortion, eg black citrus aphid Unhealthy plants, eg black peach aphid INDIRECT DAMAGE. Produce honeydew, eg most aphids. Transmit many virus & virus-like diseases, eg cucumber mosaic virus. Stunted growth generally. Insects and allied pests - Hemiptera (bugs, aphids, etc) 145
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Insect secretions PLANT PROTECTION
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Control methods Cultural methods.
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Root structure of dock (Rumex spp.)
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PLANT PROTECTION 1 â Pests, Diseases and Weeds

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PLANT PROTECTION 1 â Pests, Diseases and Weeds