PLANT PROTECTION 1 â Pests, Diseases and Weeds

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PLANT PROTECTION 1 – Pests, Diseases and Weeds REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ACTIVITIES By the end of this topic, you should be able to do the following: 1. List the distinctive features of snails and slugs (Phylum Mollusca). 2. Draw diagrammatically the life cycle of a snail or slug. 3. Recognize by sight local pest and beneficial species. 4. Recognize by sight, snail and slug damage to the leaves, flowers, buds, stems and tubers of a range of local species of ornamental, fruit, vegetable and other plants. 5. Locate typical slug and snail hiding places on your property. 6. Distinguish snail and slug damage from similar damage caused by other agents including caterpillars, various leafeating beetles and birds. 7. Provide the following information for local pest species of snails/slugs: Common name Host rang Description & damage Pest cycle ‘Overwintering’ Spread Conditions favouring IPM & Control 8. Prepare/access an IPM. program for a snail or slug pest at your work or in your region. 9. Locate reference material and know where to obtain advice on the identification and control of snails and slugs. SELECTED REFERENCES Land Snails of Australia – Museum Collections. www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/abif/bat/snails. html Helix Consulting. The Full-cycle Snail Farming: A multimedia course on farming Helix Aspersa and Helix Pomatia (CD-ROM) www.helixconsulting.com/en/cdrom.htm Snails Bon Appetite has developed commercial Snail Farming Kits. www.snailsbonappetite.com.au/ Fact Sheets by State/Territory Depts. of Primary Industries are available online, eg Commercial Snail Farming Organic Snail Control Snails and Slugs Control of Snails & Slugs Pocket Guides GRDC Pocket Guides & Publications Bash ‘em, Burn ‘em, Bait ‘em. - Integrated Snail Management in Crops and Pastures. Snail Identification and Control Slugs in crops Keys Lucid keys www.lucidcentral.com/ A Key to the Families Non-Marine Molluscs of Quarantine Concern in Australia Organic standards AS 6000—2009. Standards Australia Organic and Biodynamic Products. Standards Australia. Organic Federation of Australia www.ofa.org.au Quarantine Commonwealth quarantine www.daff.gov.au/aqis PaDIL - Pests and Diseases Image Library of diagnostic photographs and information on more than 1000 pests and more than 100 diseases www.padil.gov.au Target lists of weeds, insects, plant and animal pests and diseases. www.daff.gov.au and search for target lists State websites have information of snails and quarantine restrictions in their states, eg Quarantine WA. 2009. Protocol for the Movement of Green Snail (Helix aperta) Host Material to other States and Territories of Australia. Version 3.5 – June. Molluscicides Pubcris. APVMA. Canberra www.apvma.gov.au Infopest, Qld www.dpi.qld.gov.au/infopest Croplife Australia www.cropelifeaustralia.org.au/ MSDS www.msds.com.au/ Company websites provide MSDSs and Labels General Baker, G. and Charwat, S. 2000. Release of Fly Spells Disaster for Snails. Farming Ahead No. 105. Sept. Jones, D. L. and Elliot, W. R. 1986. Pests, Diseases & Ailments of Australian Plants. Lothian, Melbourne. Lush, A. 2005. Field and Post harvest Control of Snails in Citrus. Horticultural Australia, Sydney. Lush, A.L. (2008) Snail Monitoring in Vineyards - Getting Started. The Australian and New Zealand Grapegrower and Winemaker, June. May, P. 1998. Parasite Highlights Need for Effective Control of Snails, Rats. Prof. Pest Manager June- July. McMaugh, J. 1994. What Garden Pest or Disease is that? Lansdowne Pub., Sydney. Micic, S., et al. 2007. Identification and Control of Pest Slugs and Snails for Broadcare Crops in Western Australia. W.A. Dept. of Agriculture and Food, 2007. Naumann, I. (ed.). 1993. CSIRO Handbook of Australian Insect Names : Common and Scientific Names for Insects and Allied Organisms of Economic and Environmental Importance. 6th edn. CSIRO, East Melbourne. new edn. avail online www.ento.csiro.au RIRDC publications: Farming Edible Snails – Lessons from Italy Free Range Snail Farming in Australia Breeding and Growing Snails Nematodes as Biocontrol Agents of Helicid snails Salmijah, S., Chan, M. K., Kong, B. H., Maimon, A. and Ismail, B. S. 2000. Development of Resistance in Achatina fulica Fer. and Bradybaena similaris Fer towards Metaldehyde. Plant Prot Quart. Vol.15(1). Zborowski, P. 2007. Spiders, Snails and other Minibeasts of Australia. Young Reed, Sydney. 238 Snails and slugs
PLANT PROTECTION 1 – Pests, Diseases and Weeds Vertebrate Pests Fruit bat BIOLOGY 240 No. species in Australia 240 Damage 240 List of some vertebrate pests 241 Spread, conditions favouring 242 INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM) 243 Control methods 243 Legislation 243 Cultural methods 244 Sanitation 244 Biological control 244 Resistant, tolerant varieties 245 Animal quarantine 245 Pest-damaged planting material 245 Physical and mechanical methods 246 Pesticides 247 Repellents, avicides (Table 49) 248 Rodenticides (Table 50) 249 REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ACTIVITIES 250 SELECTED REFERENCES 250 Vertebrate pests 239
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Insect secretions PLANT PROTECTION
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Control methods Cultural methods.
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Root structure of dock (Rumex spp.)
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PLANT PROTECTION 1 â Pests, Diseases and Weeds

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