PLANT PROTECTION 1 – Pests, Diseases and Weeds

PLANT PROTECTION 1 – Pests, Diseases and Weeds
Table 68. Some damping off fungicides and bio-inoculants.
Identify the fungus or complex of organisms (fungi, bacteria, nematodes etc) causing the problem.
Read the label for plants/situations and diseases/pests for which the product may be used.
Read the label for rates, get the MSDS.
Botrytis causes aerial damping off and spraying is therefore more effective than soil drenching.
Although it is necessary for a fungicide to persist for short periods to provide effective control/prevention,
some fungicides persist for too long for use in a glasshouse/polytunnel.
Some fungicides, applied as a foliage spray will move into the root system to suppress Pythium.
Many now available as seed treatments.
Individual fungicides are usually effective against either oomycota (water moulds, eg Pythium,
Phytophthora, downy mildews, or Ascomycota and Imperfect Fungi (powdery mildews, rusts, leaf spots, soil
ascomycetes). Some exceptions. Products often formulated as mixtures.
What to use?
Group 3, eg Octave , Protack , Sportak (prochloraz)
Group 4, eg Fongarid (furalaxyl); Ridomil (metalaxyl)
Group 14, eg Terrazole (etridiazole),
Chloroturf , Terraclor (quintozene) Note that APVMA has
suspended the supply or use of material and products containing
quintozene until 12 April 2011
Group 28, eg Previcur , Proplant (propamocarb)
Group M3, eg Thiram , TMTD (thiram)
Group M4, eg Captan , Merpan (captan)
Seed treatments
Seed treatments continue to offer the best control measures for
most seedling pathogens. However, there is currently no
adequate control measure for black root rot (Chalara). Seed
treatments are also available for insect pests (see below).
Fungicides, eg
Group 2, eg Rovral Liquid Seed Dressing, various (iprodione)
Group 4, eg ApronXL Fungicide Seed Treatment (metalaxyl-M)
Group 12, eg Maxim Fungicide Seed Treatment (fludioxonil)
Group M3, eg thiram
Fungicide mixtures, eg
Groups 11/12/4, eg Dynasty Fungicide Seed Treatment
(azoxystrobin/fludioxonil/metalaxyl-M)
Groups 3/4, eg Dividend Fungicide Seed Treatment
(difenoconazole/metalaxyl-M)
Groups 12/4, eg Maxymyl Fungicide Seed Treatment
(fludioxonil/metalaxyl-M)
Groups 1/M3, eg Fairgo Liquid Fungicidal Seed Dressing
(thiabendazole/thiram)
Insecticide/Fungicide mixtures, eg
Group 4A Insecticide/Group 3 Fungicide., eg Hombre
(imidacloprid + tebuconazole)
Insecticides, eg
Group 4A, eg Cruiser Insecticide Seed Treatment (thiamethoxam)
See page 57 (general), page 140 (thrips), page 189
(earwigs), page 285 (preventing virus spread)
Potato tuber treatments
Group 20, eg Monceren (pencycuron)
Bio-inoculants
Trichopel P. G and R, Trichodry , Trichopel Turf,
Trichoflow Turf, Trichodex , Unite Natural
Protectant Bio-Fungicide (Trichoderma sp.)
TrichoShield (Trichoderma spp., Gliocladium virens, Bacillus
subtilis)
Companion, Fulzyme Plus (Bacillus subitilis)
Fumigants
page 267, Table 52.
Disinfectants
page 343, Table 59.
Some diseases effective against
Many diseases, but not downy mildews, Pythium,
Phytophthora.
Damping off (Pythium, Phytophthora), also downy
mildews.
etridiazole Phytophthora, Pythium, Rhizoctonia
quintozene Sclerotia-forming fungi eg Botrytis,
Rhizoctonia, Sclerotinia, Sclerotium.
Phytophthora, damping off (Pythium), downy
mildews, not powdery mildews.
Damping off, eg Pythium; also turf diseases.
Damping off (Pythium), black spot, grey mould
(Botrytis), many other fungal diseases.
Seeds are mostly treated prior to purchase.
Do not use treated seed for food, feed or oil.
Suppresses Rhizoctonia in lupin seedlings, potato tubers.
Seedling diseases caused by Pythium and Phytophthora
in cotton, peas and other crops.
Damping off caused by Fusarium spp., Pencillium spp.
in maize and sweetcorn and Rhizoctonia solani (black
scurf) and Helminthosporium solani (silver scurf) and
the suppression of seed-borne Streptomyces spp.
(common scab) in potatoes.
Damping off diseases of chickpeas, lupins, sorghum, eg
Pythium, Botrytis, Ascochyta.
For the control of certain seedborne and seedling root
diseases of certain crops.
For control of aphids and prevention of spread of barley
yellow dwarf virus in cereal crops. Also for control of
bunt, flag smut and loose smut of wheat. For control of
covered and loose smuts of barley and oats
Treatment of cotton, sorghum and sunflower seed to
control various early season soil and sucking insect
pests.
Seed-borne infection of R. solani in potato tubers.
Trichoderma suppresses damping off of seedlings
caused by Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium spp. and
root rots cause by Cylindrocladium destructans,
Phytophthora spp. (page 344, Table 60).
Suppresses soilborne diseases, eg Fusarium,
Phytophthora, Pythium (page 344, Table 60).
374 Fungal diseases - Examples of fungal diseases