PLANT PROTECTION 1 â Pests, Diseases and Weeds

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PLANT PROTECTION 1 – Pests, Diseases and Weeds HERBICIDE MODE OF ACTION GROUPS Herbicides are classified by Croplife Australia into mode of action groups which assist in resistance management. The following tables are a summary guide only, and not a substitute for reading a currently registered label, the MSDS and obtaining up-to-date advice. The tables also provide an overall picture of the types of insecticides available for crop protection. Mark herbicides you use at work. Contact Croplife Australia for a full list of herbicides, updates of the classification and further information: www.croplifeaustralia.org.au Check Pubcris for current registration status: www.apvma.gov.au/ Infopest can be purchased www.dpi.qld.gov.au/ Table 72. Herbicide Mode of Action Groups (2009) some examples CHEMICAL FAMILY MODE OF ACTION GROUP A Inhibitors of acetyl coA carboxylase (inhibitors of fat synthesis/ACC’ase inhibitors B Inhibitora of acetolactate synthase (ALS inhibtors C Inhibitors of photosynthesis at photosystem 11 SUBGROUP Aryloxyphenoxypropionates (Fops) Cyclohexane diones (Dims) Phenyl-- Pyrazoles (Dens) Sulfonylureas (SUs) Imidazolinones (Imis) Triazolopyrimidines (Sulfonamides) Pyrimidinylthiobenzoates Triazines includes TT canola(Triazine Tolerant canola) Triazinones Uracils Trade name Active constituent FUSILADE, VARIOUS fluazifop-p may be formulated with other herbicides THE PRODUCT HALOXYFOP, VARIOUS haloxyfop SERTIN, VARIOUS sethoxydim may be formulated with other herbicides AXIAL pinoxaden (+cloquintocetmexyl, a herbicide safener) BUSHWACKER, BRUSH-OFF, VARIOUS metsulfuron-methyl may be formulated with glyphosate p OUST, VARIOUS sulfometuron -methyl may be formulated with other herbicides ARSENAL, VARIOUS imazapyr may be formulated with other herbicides, eg MCPA, glyphosate, imazapic ECLIPSE, VARIOUS metosulam STAPLE pyrithiobac-sodium SIMAZINE, VARIOUS simazine may be tank mixed with post-emergents, eg glyphosate ATRAZINE, VARIOUS atrazine May be mixed with other herbicides HEXAZINONE, VELPAR hexazinone may be formulated with diuron Used selectively SENCOR, VARIOUS metribuzin HYVAR, VARIOUS bromacil may be formulated with other herbicides SINBAR terbacil may be formulated with other herbicides Mode of action Post-emergence Translocated (systemic) spot spraying Post-emergence Translocated (systemic) Post-emergence (systemic) Post-emergence Translocated (systemic) Post-emergence Translocated (systemic) soil active but may be foliage absorbed, persists in soil Post-emergence Pre-emergence soil residual Post-emergence Pre-emergence absorbed through foliage & roots, translocated to roots persists up to 1 yr. Post-emergence Control/suppression SOME USES Read label, obtain advice from company CROPS, SITES TREATED Certain broadleaved crops, field, forage & seed crops, fruit, vegetables, bush land, ornamentals Certain broad leaved crops, field & seed crops, forestry, fruit Ornamentals, vegetables, field crops & pasture Wheat, barley Non-crop, commercia & industrial areas, rights-of-way, some cereal crops, pastures, forests Commercial & industrial areas, buildings, rights of way Non-crop situations, conifers may be tolerant, Clearfield production system for canola & wheat Winter cereals, lupins, certain tree plantations WEEDS CONTROLLED, SUPPRESSED Selective certain annual & perennial grasses, including couch, paspalum Selective certain annual & perennial grasses Selective certain annual grasses, most perennial grasses Selective key grass weeds Selective broadleaves, bracken, certain brush species, gorse, blackberry Non-selective certain annual & perennial grass & broadleaved weeds Non-selective certain annual & perennial grass & broadleaved weeds Selective certain broadleaved weeds Post-emergence Cotton Selective certain broadleaved weeds Pre-emergence Root absorbed Soil residual Control for 3-6 months at low rates; 6-12 months at high rates Pre & post emergence Root absorbed soil residual, some foliage action, used selectively Pre-emergent Post-emergent Soil residual (1-2 yrs) root absorbed, stem injection, spotgun Pre-emergent Post-emergent absorbed by roots, shoots & leaves Post-emergence Pre-emergence Mainly root absorbed long term soil sterilan Pre-emergence persists in soil Non-crop, fruit & field crops, TT canola, vineyards, forestry, ornamentals, around shrubs & trees at specified rates Sorghum, maize sugarcane, lucerne, TT canola, forestry plantations, rights of way Non-crop, industrial & commercial sites, rights of way. Pinus radiata plantations, some pastures Broadacre & vegetable crops, sugarcane Used selectively Non-crop industrial areas, rights of way, crops, eg asparagus, citrus, pineapple Apples, peaches, seed lucerne, peppermint Used selectively certain annual grasses & broadleaved weeds, perennial species Used selectively certain annual & perennial broadleaved & grass weeds Used selectively certain broadleaved weeds, annual & perennial grasses, woody weeds Used selectively Broadleaved weeds & some grasses Used selectively annual broadleaved weeds & grasses, especially perennial Used selectively most annual grasses & broadleaved weeds 450 Weeds - Integrated Weed Management
PLANT PROTECTION 1 – Pests, Diseases and Weeds Table 72. Herbicide Mode of Action Groups (2009) some examples (contd) CHEMICAL FAMILY MODE OF ACTION GROUP C contd D Inhibitors of microtubule assembly E Inhibitors of mitosis/ microtubule organi-) zation F Bleachers: Inhibitors of carotenoid biosynthesis at the phytoene desaturase step (PDS inhibitors) SUBGROUP Pyridazinones Phenylcarbamates Ureas Amides Nitriles Benzothiadiazinones Dinitroanilines (DNAs) Benzoic acids Benzamides Pyridines Carbamates Nicotin anilides Picolinamides Pyrida zinones Trade name Active constituent PYRAMIN chloridazon BETANAL phenmedipham DIURON, DIUREX, VARIOUS diuron often formulated with other herbicides PROPANIL, VARIOUS propanil BROMICIDE, VARIOUS bromoxynil may be formulated with other herbicides BASAGRAN bentazone may be formulated with MCPA, dicamba THE PRODUCT ORYZALIN, SURFLAN, VARIOUS oryzalin may be formulated with oxyfluorfen (Rout), or trifluralin (Yield) TRIFLURALIN, TREFLAN, VARIOUS trifluralin may be formulated with oryzalin (Yield) DACTHAL, VARIOUS chlorthal-dimethyl KERB, WINTER GRASS KILLER propyzamide DIMENSION dithiopyr VISOR thiazopyr POTATO STOP SPROUT, VARIOUS chlorpropham BRODAL, VARIOUS diflufenican may be formulated with MCPA, bromoxynil, clopyralid SNIPER picolinafen may be formulated with MCPA (Paragon) ZOLIAR norflurazon Mode of action Pre-emergence Post-emergence Absorbed mainly by roots Post-emergence absorbed by foliage, apply to young weeds Post-emergence Pre-emergence Soil residual (1-2 years) Mainly root absorbed Translocated (systemic) Post-emergence Contact herbicide Post-emergence Contact herbicide Post-emergence Pre-emergence Systemic, soil active Pre-plant Pre-emergence Must be incorporated into soil (exceptions) Persists in soil Pre-emergence Active for several months in soil Pre-emergence Post-emergence Early post-emergence Pre-emergence Post-emergence Absorbed by both roots & shoots of weeds; more effective on grasses than broadleaves Pre-emergence Plant growth regulator Pre-emergence Early post-emergence Early post-emergence foliage absorbed, some pre-emergence activity Pre-emergence SOME USES Read label, obtain advice from company Beets CROPS, SITES TREATED Young beet crops, mangolds, nonfruiting strawberries Non-crop, commercia areas, road medians, selective weed control in certain fruits, field crops, vegetables, cotton, bulbs Rice Certain cereals, linseed, clover, lucerne pastures, turf, non-crop, roadsides, rights of way certain bean crops, eg dwarf French beans, Haricot beans, peanuts, soybean Ornamentals, fruit & nuts, vineyards, field grown nursery trees, shrubs, amenity plantings Certain field crops, vegetables, orchards, vineyards,; impregnated into drippers (Rootguard R ( technology) Certain ornamentals, strawberries, vegetable, field crops, lawns Sports turf & home lawns, lettuce, legume seed crops & pastures Turf Non-crop situations, when planting Pinus radiata and certain Eucalyptus spp. Stored potatoes Field peas, lentils, lupins, oilseed poppies, cloverbased pasture Field peas, narrow leaf lupins Cotton, asparagus, citrus, grapes, nuts, pome & stone fruits WEEDS CONTROLLED, SUPPRESSED Selective annual broadleaves, some grasses Selective broadleaves, some grasses Non-selective annual grass & broadleaves, not some hard-to-kill deep rooted perennial weeds Selective (low rates) pre- & post-emergence (some crops) Selective barnyard grass Selective broadleaves, not established perennial weeds Selective certain broadleaves Selective certain annual grass & broadleaves, not established weeds Selective annual grasses & certain broadleaves Selective certain annual grasses & broad leaves, summer & winter grass Selective certain grass weeds, (especially winter grass) & broad leaves Selective summer grass, certain other annual grasses & broad leaves Selective annual grasses and certain broadleaf weeds Plant growth regulator prevents sprouting in storage Selective certain broadleaved weeds Selective wild radish, suppresses capeweed Selective nutgrass & other grass & broad-leaved weeds Weeds - Integrated Weed Management 451
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Control methods Cultural methods.
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PLANT PROTECTION 1 â Pests, Diseases and Weeds