PLANT PROTECTION 1 â Pests, Diseases and Weeds

More documents

Recommendations

Info

PLANT PROTECTION 1 – Pests, Diseases and Weeds Table 58. Fungicide Activity Groups. ManKocide (cupric hydroxide + mancozeb) both Group Y (2009) some examples (contd) ACTIVITY GROUP THE PRODUCT SOME USES Read label, obtain advice from company Mode of action ACTIVITY GROUP CODE Activity group M3 Multi-site activity M4 Multi-site activity CHEMICAL FAMILY Dithio carbamate Phthalimide Trade name Active constituent MANCOZEB, DITHANE, PENNCOZEB, VARIOUS mancozeb may be formulated with other fungicides, eg with cupric hydroxide (Mankocide DF with sulphur (Mancozeb Plus) THIRAM, VARIOUS thiram maye be formulated with carboxin (Vitavax) ZINEB zineb may be formulated with other fungicides. CAPTAN, VARIOUS captan may be formulated with other fungacides. Protectant (non-systemic) Protectant (non-systemic) Seed treatments, soil drenches Protectant (non-systemic) Protectant (non-systemic), very slight systemic activity, CROPS, SITES TREATED Ornamentals, vegetables, fruit, turf, field crops Ornamentals, fruit, flowers, vegetable, turf, seeds Ornamentals, fruit trees, vegetables, turf Ornamentals, grape, turf, pome & stone fruits, strawberries, peanuts DISEASES, CONTROLLED, SUPPRESSED Broad spectrum leaf spots, rusts, brown rot, turf diseases, Botrytis, downy mildews, not powdery mildews Broad spectrum damping off, turf diseases, leaf spots, Broad spectrum downy mildews, leaf spots, rusts, damping off, etc Broad spectrum black spot, grey mould (Botrytis), fruit rots, brown patch, damping off (Pythium),downy mildew, blossom blight/brown rot; seedling blight (Rhizopus, Aspergillus) of peanuts M5 Multi-site activity Chloronitriles BRAVO, DACONIL, VARIOUS chlorothalonil Protectant (non-systemic), long residual activity Ornamentals, turf, fruit, vegetables, crops Broad spectrum Botrytis, leaf spots, brown patch, dollar spot, rusts, downy mildews M6 Multi-site activity M7 Multi-site activity Sulfamide Quanidine EUPAREN MULTI tolylfluanid SYLLIT dodine PANOCTINE, ZANOCTINE guazatine Protectant (non-systemic) Protectant (non-systemic) local systemic activity Protectant (non-systemic) Strawberry Pome fruit, stone fruit Citrus, tomatoes, rockmelons Broad spectrum black spot, grey mould (Botrytis); suppresses powdery mildew Broad spectrum black spot in apples, pears; peach leaf curl & blossom blight Broad spectrum postharvest diseases M9 Multi-site activity Quinone (anthraquinone) DELAN, VARIOUS dithianon Protectant (non-systemic) Some pome and stone fruits, vines Broad spectrum black spot, bitter rot, shothole, brown rot, freckle downy mildew Fumigants. (page 267) 342 Fungal diseases - Integrated disease management
PLANT PROTECTION 1 – Pests, Diseases and Weeds Table 59. Disinfectants. some examples The term ‘disinfectant’ commonly refers to chemicals used to surface-sterilize inanimate objects, some are used to surface-sterilize plant surfaces. The term ‘disinfection’ is used to describe using a chemical or other agent to kill or inactivate disease-producing microorganisms inside seeds or other plant parts. There is no general disinfectant which will eradicate all disease organisms. So that identification of the disease problem is essential, followed by careful selection of a disinfectant/fungicide/bactericide that will be effective. Permits may be required. Heat is still one of the most effective disinfectants. Certain situations may specifiy particular disinfectants and rates, eg viruses, quarantine (pages 340, 284). Seek advice for your particular situation. Some disinfectants are not registered as pesticides but are included here for convenience. Some disinfectants may damage plants and some may contaminate the environment. Prior to treating tools, benches and other items, remove all dirt or soil. Sodium hypochlorite is the most common form of chlorine used in horticulture and is often used as a disinfectant. Its effectiveness is influenced by concentration, exposure time, light and temperature, etc. Common treatments for contaminated water include chlorination or a combination of chlorination and filtration. Chlorination is hazardous, improper use of chemicals and higher than recommended concentrations may corrode the irrigation system, damage soil and plants. Some disinfectants are hazardous to the operator, eg they may cause skin and bronchial irritation. Consult the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS), available standards, wear recommended personal protective equipment (PPE). CHEMICAL TYPE See page 340 for more disinfectants Alcohols Halogens Phenols & substituted phenols Quaternary ammonium compounds (quats) Others THE PRODUCT Trade name Active constituent ETHANOL, METHYLATED SPIRITS ethyl alcohol BLEACH sodium hypochlorite calcium hypochlorite (use calcium hypochlorite for disinfecting plant material) PYTHOFF chlorine compounds BIOGRAM ethanol o-Phenylphenol Clorofene KENDOCIDE dichlorophen VARIOUS quaternary ammonium compound Solution of 70% in cold water, at this concentration it evaporates less quickly and is less flammable Recommended concentration and dip time must be adhered to, can damage clothing, degrades rapidly in light Nonsystemic Recommended dip times must be adhered to VARIOUS, Fast acting, with PHYTOCLEAN CANE a moderately KNIFE STERILIZER long duration of benzalkonium chloride action. Inactivated by 140 products registered, organic matter eg Zero Moss & Algae Gun SOME USES Read label, obtain advice from company CROPS, PLANTS, SITES TREATED Secateurs, personal use CAUTION Australia Standard Refer AS 2508 3.017 Cuttings, floors, benches, containers. Do not contaminate food, inactivated by organic matter Hydroponic nutrient conditioner Container dip, floors, benches, floor pad entrance to glass-houses, tools, tyres, machinery, items in contact with soil Floors & benches in green houses, pots, paths, brickwork; lawns, turf. Tools, hands, foot baths, seed trays, cuttings, growing media, etc Containers, used for blue metal under containers. May damage some plants Footwear, tools, tyres, machinery washdown, vehicles and other items in contact with soil, vehicle, glasshouses, work areas, walls, pots, tools, cane knives, packing sheds. Paths, roofs, hard surfaces, greens & lawns DISEASES, PESTS, WEEDS CONTROLLED Disinfectant ethanol plus flaming does not adequately inactivate viruses Disinfectant household, dairy, food processing areas, containers, plant material Disinfectant used from seed to harvest Disinfectant broad spectrum disinfectant, Botrytis, Fusarium, Phytophthora, Pythium Algae, mosses, liverworts Disinfectant broad spectrum bactericide, algacide and fungicide especially Phytophthora, Pythium, Sclerotium Disinfectant Only some bacteria, viruses, protozoa; fungi (Phytophthora) Algae, mosses, lichens, liverworts FLORALIFE Extend the life of cut Disinfectant Food sugar flowers bacteria & fungi Biocide - to inhibit growth of bacteria & fungi Acidifier to lower pH DETTOL General antiseptic chloroxylenol (phenol or cresol compd) MICROKILL Nonsystemic Seedlings, plants Disinfectant citrus pulp + herbs to buffer and stabilize shelf life COOLACIDE Recirculating waters, Disinfectant poly(oxyethylene cooling towers etc. algae, bacteria and fungi (dimethyliminio) ethylene Footwear, tools, tyres, (dimethylyliminio) ethylene machinery and other items dichloride) in contact with soil - - ) Fungal diseases - Integrated disease management 343
Page 1 and 2:
PLANT PROTECTION 1 Pests, Diseases
Page 3 and 4:
PLANT PROTECTION 1 - Pests, Disease
Page 5 and 6:
Page 7 and 8:
Page 9 and 10:
Page 11 and 12:
Page 13 and 14:
Page 15 and 16:
Page 17 and 18:
Page 19 and 20:
Page 21 and 22:
Page 23 and 24:
Page 25 and 26:
Page 27 and 28:
Page 29 and 30:
Page 31 and 32:
Page 33 and 34:
Page 35 and 36:
Page 37 and 38:
Insect secretions PLANT PROTECTION
Page 39 and 40:
Page 41 and 42:
Page 43 and 44:
Page 45 and 46:
Page 47 and 48:
Page 49 and 50:
Page 51 and 52:
Page 53 and 54:
Page 55 and 56:
Page 57 and 58:
Page 59 and 60:
Page 61 and 62:
Page 63 and 64:
Page 65 and 66:
Page 67 and 68:
Page 69 and 70:
Page 71 and 72:
Page 73 and 74:
Page 75 and 76:
Page 77 and 78:
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
Page 177 and 178:
Page 179 and 180:
Page 181 and 182:
Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
Page 187 and 188:
Page 189 and 190:
Page 191 and 192:
Page 193 and 194:
Page 195 and 196:
Page 197 and 198:
Page 199 and 200:
Page 201 and 202:
Page 203 and 204:
Page 205 and 206:
Page 207 and 208:
Page 209 and 210:
Page 211 and 212:
Page 213 and 214:
Page 215 and 216:
Page 217 and 218:
Page 219 and 220:
Page 221 and 222:
Page 223 and 224:
Page 225 and 226:
Page 227 and 228:
Page 229 and 230:
Page 231 and 232:
Page 233 and 234:
Page 235 and 236:
Page 237 and 238:
Page 239 and 240:
Page 241 and 242:
Page 243 and 244:
Page 245 and 246:
Page 247 and 248:
Page 249 and 250:
Page 251 and 252:
Page 253 and 254:
Page 255 and 256:
Page 257 and 258:
Page 259 and 260:
Page 261 and 262:
Page 263 and 264:
Page 265 and 266:
Page 267 and 268:
Page 269 and 270:
Page 271 and 272:
Page 273 and 274:
Page 275 and 276:
Page 277 and 278:
Page 279 and 280:
Page 281 and 282:
Page 283 and 284:
Page 285 and 286:
Page 287 and 288:
Page 289 and 290:
Page 291 and 292:
Page 293 and 294:
Page 295 and 296:
Page 297 and 298:
. PLANT PROTECTION 1 - Pests, Disea
Page 299 and 300:
Page 301 and 302:
Page 303 and 304:
Page 305 and 306:
Page 307 and 308:
Page 309 and 310: PLANT PROTECTION 1 - Pests, Disease
Page 313 and 314: 1 PLANT PROTECTION 1 - Pests, Disea
Page 359: PLANT PROTECTION 1 - Pests, Disease
Page 365 and 366: Control methods Cultural methods.
Page 385 and 386: . PLANT PROTECTION 1 - Pests, Disea
Page 411 and 412:
Page 413 and 414:
Page 415 and 416:
Page 417 and 418:
Page 419 and 420:
Page 421 and 422:
Page 423 and 424:
Page 425 and 426:
Page 427 and 428:
Page 429 and 430:
Page 431 and 432:
Page 433 and 434:
Page 435 and 436:
Page 437 and 438:
Page 439 and 440:
Page 441 and 442:
Page 443 and 444:
Page 445 and 446:
Page 447 and 448:
Page 449 and 450:
Page 451 and 452:
Page 453 and 454:
Page 455 and 456:
Page 457 and 458:
Page 459 and 460:
Page 461 and 462:
Page 463 and 464:
Page 465 and 466:
Page 467 and 468:
Page 469 and 470:
Page 471 and 472:
Page 473 and 474:
Page 475 and 476:
Page 477 and 478:
Page 479 and 480:
Page 481 and 482:
Page 483 and 484:
Page 485 and 486:
Page 487 and 488:
Page 489 and 490:
Page 491 and 492:
Page 493 and 494:
Page 495 and 496:
Page 497 and 498:
Page 499 and 500:
Page 501 and 502:
Page 503 and 504:
Root structure of dock (Rumex spp.)
show all

PLANT PROTECTION 1 â Pests, Diseases and Weeds

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?

PLANT PROTECTION 1 â Pests, Diseases and Weeds