PLANT PROTECTION 1 – Pests, Diseases and Weeds

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PLANT PROTECTION 1 – Pests, Diseases and Weeds
REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ACTIVITIES
By the end of this topic, you should be able to do
the following:
1. List the parasitic and non-parasitic causes
of plant problems.
2. List distinctive features of the Phylum
Arthropoda (Insects & Allied Pests).
3. List the distinctive features of the following
members of the Phylum Arthropoda:
Insects Spiders Slaters
Mites Millipedes
Springtails Centipedes
4. Be able to identify, draw and know the
function of the following external parts of an
adult insect:
Head Thorax Abdomen
5. Draw diagrammatically the 3 types of insect
life cycles. Name 1 example of each.
6. Describe how insects grow.
7. Recognize by sight, 4 common types of
larvae. Name 1 example of each.
8. Explain 3 common types of host range.
Name 1 example of each.
9. Describe 3 ways that insects may feed on
plants and cause damage. Name 1 example
of each.
10. Recognize by observation, 3 examples of
direct and indirect damage to plants.
11. Describe 5 ways by which insects overwinter/
oversummer. Name 1 example of each.
12. Describe 4 ways in which insects may spread.
Name 1 example of each.
13. Describe 3 conditions favouring insect
development. Name 1 example of each.
14. List and describe the 7 steps in IPM.
15. List 8 control methods for insect pests of
plants. Describe 1 example of each.
16. Name the 3 main requirements of the Organic
and Biodynamic Products domestic standard
to be met by growers wishing to label their
products ‘organic’ or ‘biodynamic’.
17. Explain the meaning of the following terms as
they apply to the mode of action of
insecticides and name 1 example of each:
Non-systemic and systemic
Selective and non-selective
Contact, stomach and fumigant action
18. Explain why insecticides must be applied at
the correct time. Describe 2 examples.
19. Provide the active constituent, some trade
names, mode of action and some uses for
selected insecticides/miticides in the
following groups:
Mode of action groups:
Group 1A
Group 1B
Group 3A
Group 4A
Group 11
Others:
Spray oils
Soap sprays
Pheromones
Food attractants
Bio-insecticides
One of your own choice
20. Select 2 commercial insecticide/miticides,
indicate how you know which resistance group
they belong to and how you would use them to
prevent the development of resistance.
21. Classification. List the main features of
insects used to classify them into orders.
21.1. List the 10 most important pest and
beneficial insect orders from a
horticultural point of view.
21.2. List those with a complete
metamorphosis and those with an
incomplete (gradual) metamorphosis.
21.3. Fill in the following summary pages for
Insects & Allied Pests (pages 217-223).
22. For each order. of insects and allied pests
(springtails, mites, spiders, slaters and
millipedes), be able to do the following:
22.1. List the key distinctive features of
adults and larvae/nymphs.
22.2. Draw the life cycle diagrammatically.
22.3. Name the stage(s) which cause(s) plant
damage, how they feed and the types of
direct and indirect damage caused.
Name 1 example of each type of damage.
22.4. Recognize by sight, local pest species
(if applicable).
22.5. Recognize by sight, local beneficial
species (if applicable).
22.6. Recognize by sight, damage caused by
local pest species.
22.7. Describe State/Territory/Commonwealth
legislation providing for the control of
local pest species.
22.8. Provide the following information for
selected local pest species:
Common name
Host range
Description & damage
Diagnostics
Pest cycle
‘Overwintering’
Spread
Conditions favouring
IPM and Control
22.9. Prepare/access an IPM. program for an
insect or mite pest at your work or in your
region.
23. Diagnostics.
23.1. Distinguish between damage caused to
leaves by selected chewing insects, eg
caterpillars, leafeating beetles and
weevils, and sawflies on selected plants.
23.2. Distinguish between damage caused to
leaves by selected sucking insects, eg
lace bugs, leafhoppers, mites, thrips and
whiteflies on selected plants.
23.3.Where would you obtain advice and
information on the identification of
insects and allied pests.
24. Locate resource material. and know
where to obtain advice on how to control local
pest species.
216 Insects and allied pests - Review questions and activities