PLANT PROTECTION 1 – Pests, Diseases and Weeds

PLANT PROTECTION 1 – Pests, Diseases and Weeds
REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ACTIVITIES
By the end of this topic, you should be able to do
the following:
1. List the distinctive features of weeds.
2. Describe 4 harmful and 4 beneficial effects
of weeds. Name examples of each.
3. Explain how weeds may be classified to
facilitate control using 1 local example
from the following list:
Annual, biennial, perennial
Growth habit, herbaceous, woody
Habitat
Land-use
Invasive, naturalized
Introduced, indigenous
Noxious
Garden escapes
WONS
Environmental weeds
Botanical groups, eg Asteraceae
Weed lists
Target weeds
Sleeper weeds
4. Recognize by sight, local weed species
belonging to the following weed groups and
complete the following:
DICOTYLEDONS (broadleaved weeds)
ANNUAL & HERBACEOUS WEEDS, eg
Rosette (some only at certain stages of growth)
Those with SMALL OR FINE leaves (many are
flat or mat forming), eg
WOODY WEEDS, eg
MONOCOTYLEDONS (narrowleaved weeds)
Grasses (Poaceae), eg
Iris family (Iridaceae), eg
Lily family (Liliaceae), eg
Sedges (Cyperaceae), eg
Rushes (Juncaceae), eg
MISCELLANEOUS WEEDS
Aquatic weeds, eg
Cacti, eg
Conifers, eg
Cycads, eg
Ferns, eg
Parasitic plants, eg
Riparian weeds, eg
5. Describe 6 ways by which weeds may
reproduce. Name 1 example of each.
6. Describe 6 ways by which weeds may
Name 1 example of each.
overwinter.
7. Describe 5 ways by which weeds may spread.
Name 1 example of each.
8. Describe local/Commonwealth legislation
providing for the control of noxious weeds.
9. Describe conditions that favour selected
weeds in you area.
10. List control methods available for weeds.
Name 2 examples of each.
11. Describe the steps in IWM (Integrated Weed
Management)
12. Explain why weed control can be difficult for
certified organic growers.
13. Explain WRA (Weed Risk Assessment) and
how is it used in weed control.
14. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of
red herbicide marking dye.
15. Explain how you would use herbicides to
prevent the development of resistance.
16. Name 2 weeds in Australia that are
resistant to some herbicides.
17. Explain how the following types of herbicides
control weeds, name 1 example of each:
POST-EMERGENT HERBICIDES
HORMONE HERBICIDES
PRE-EMERGENT HERBICIDES
SOIL RESIDUAL HERBICIDES
FUMIGANTS
18. Provide the following information for glyphosate:
Herbicide mode of action group
How it effectively controls weeds
19. Explain the meaning of the following terms
and give 1 example of each.
Selective, eg
Non-selective , eg
Systemic, eg
Non-systemic, eg
Contact, eg
Knockdown, eg
Translocated, eg
20. Give 3 reasons why herbicides may not
work.
21. Provide the following information for
selective control of broadleaved weeds and
grass weeds; weeds in containers and annual
beds; tree suckers, brush and woody weeds;
environmental weeds, and other local weed
problems and situations:
Types of weeds
‘Overwintering'
Common names of weeds Spread
Description
Conditions favouring
Weed cycle
IWM & Control methods
22. Prepare/access an IWM. program for a weed or
weed situation at your work or in your region.
23. Locate reference material and know where
to obtain advice on the identification and
control of weeds.
472 Weeds - Examples of weed situations