PLANT PROTECTION 1 â Pests, Diseases and Weeds

More documents

Recommendations

Info

PLANT PROTECTION 1 – Pests, Diseases and Weeds Table 2. Insecticide Mode of Action Groups (2009) some examples MAIN MODE OF ACTION GROUP and Primary Site of Action 19 Octopamine receptor agonists Nerve action 20 Mitchondrial complex 111 electron transport inhibitors (coupling site 11) Energy metabolism 21A Mitchondrial complex 1 electron transport inhibitors Energy metabolism 22 Voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers Nerve action 23 Inhibitors of acetyl CoA carboxalase Lipid synthesis, growth regulation CHEMICAL SUBGROUP or Exemplifying Active constituent Amitraz 20A Hydramethylnon 20B No registered actives 20C No registered actives 21A METI acaricides 21B Rotenone 22A Indoxacarb 22B No registered actives No registered actives 24 24A Mitochondrial Phosphine complex IV electron transport inhibitors Energy metabolism 24B 25 Vacant 26 Vacant 27 Vacant 28 Ryanodine receptor modulators Nerve & muscle action UN Compounds of unknown or uncertain mode of action 1 Diamides Azadirachtin Eco-neem is a BFA CERTIFIED PRODUCT FOR ORGANIC GARDENS Bifenazate Dicofol Trade name Active constituent AMITRAZ, OPAL, VARIOUS amitraz AMDRO hydramethylnon Professional pest control operators No registered actives No registered actives PYRANICA tebufenpyrad SANMITE pyridaben DERRIS DUST rotenone (found in roots of 63 species of legumes) STEWARD, AVATAR, VARIOUS indoxacarb No registered actives No registered actives THE PRODUCT VARIOUS phosphine aluminium phosphate magnesium phosphate No registered actives ACELEPRYN, ALTACOR, CORAGEN chlorantraniliprole (branded as RynaXypyr ) AZAMAX, ECO-NEEM, NEEMAZAL azadirachtin (seeds of Azadirachta indica) (see Fumafert pages 267, 344) ACRAMITE, FLORAMITE bifenazate KELTHANE dicofol Mode of action Non-systemic Contact action Vapour action Repellent action, all stages of mites, ovicidal Stomach action Non-systemic Contact action stomach action effective against all mite stages Non-systemic all stages of mites, good residual activity Non-systemic Contact action stomach action very toxic to fish Non-systemic Contact action stomach action see Fumigants page 267 Stomach action Translaminar activitiy Stomach action Contact action slightly trans-laminar, Inhibits larval moulting, repellent & antifeedant Non-systemic Contact action Non-systemic Contact action Eggs, motile stages. Long residual 60 Insects and allied pests - Integrated pest management SOME USES Read label, obtain advice from company CROPS, SITES TREATED Cotton; cattle, deer, goats, pigs, sheep Non-crop, residential & commercial buildings, turf, gardens Apples, pears. peaches, ornamentals Apple, pear, stone fruit, grapes, bananas, roses Ornamentals, vegetables, vines Cotton, certain vegetables, field crops; buildings Vegetables, pome & stone fruit, grapes, turf (good control of turf pests) Ornamentals, floriculture, potting soil for floriculture & horticulture Do not use on plants that produce food for human or animal consumption Pome & stone fruits Certain ornamentals, fruits, vegetables, field crops PESTS CONTROLLED, SUPPRESSED Insecticide Helicoverpa on cotton Miticide ticks on animals Insecticide ants, cockroaches Miticide twospotted mites, European red mite Miticide certain mites Broad spectrum aphids, thrips, caterpillars, mostly home garden use Narrow spectrum Helicoverpa spp., certain other insects; also cockroaches Narrow spectrum certain Lepidopteran caterpillars, eg codling moth, certain beetles, eg African black beetle Broad spectrum certain aphids, whiteflies, fungus gnats, twospotted mite Miticide twopotted mite, bryobia mite, European red mite Miticide organo-phosphate resistant mites, no insecticide activity 1 A compound with an unknown or controversial mode of action or an unknown mode of toxicity will be held in group ‘un’ until evidence becomes available to enable that compound to be assigned to amore appropriate mode of action group
PLANT PROTECTION 1 – Pests, Diseases and Weeds Table 3. Bio-insecticides, spray oils, soaps, pheromones, etc. (some are agricultural biological products) THE PRODUCT SOME USES TYPE Read label, obtain advice from company Trade name Mode of action CROPS, SITES PESTS BIO- INSECTICIDES SPRAY OILS Petroleum oils Active constituent BIOCANE GRANULES Metarhizium sp. GREEN GUARD Metarhizium sp. Nematode Beddingia siricidicola Nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Nematode Heterorhabditis zealandica Nematode Steinernema carpocapsae Nematode Steinernema feltiae GEMSTAR Helicoverpa NPV (zea) WINTER OIL, DORMANT OIL, STIFLE, VARIOUS petroleum oil Fungal disease of insects as above Nematode disease of insects TREATED crop Agricultural areas, pastures, crops, forage crops, non-crop areas Pinus radiata. CONTROLLED Selective insecticide greyback canegrub Selective insecticide grasshopper, locusts Selective insecticide sirex wasp as above Ornamentals Selective insecticide black vine weevil as above Turf Insecticide Argentine stem weevil, African black beetle, black-headed cockchafer, Argentine scarab, bill bug as above Bananas, etc Insecticide banana borer weevil, cutworm, armyworm, house termites, cat flea as above Virus disease of Helicoverpa spp. Contact action Smothers pests Currants; seedlings, hydroponically grown flowers, mushroom houses Various crops including cotton Used only on dormant deciduous pome and stone fruit tree & vines Insecticide currant borer moth, fungus gnat, mushroom fly, western flower thrips Selective insecticide Helicoverpa spp. Insecticide especially scale insects & insects Paraffinic oils s SUMMER OIL, PEST OIL, WHITE OIL, VARIOUS petroleum oil BIOPEST, ECOPEST OIL, VARIOUS paraffinic oil paraffinic oils must contain at least 62% paraffinic chains BioPest Paraffin Oil Contact action Smothers pests Contact action Smothers pests . Used on plants in foliage. Certain fruit, ornamentals, special oils developed for some crops, bananas, citrus, grapes Used on plants in foliage. Fruit trees, eg citrus, pome fruit & stone fruit, grapes, certain vegetables, field crops roses, ornamentals Insecticide/Miticide/ especially scale insects, mites, citrus leafminer, also aphids, mealybugs, whiteflies Fungicide certain banana diseases & powdery mildews Insecticide/Miticide/ mites, scales, citrus leafminer, also aphids, mealybugs, whtieflies Fungicide certain banana diseases & powdery mildew Botanical oils, vegetable oils Oil seeds, eg soybean, canola, cotton ECO-OIL, VARIOUS botanical oils Contact action suffocates pests, waxy cuticle is denatured dehydrating insects, repellent activity Used on plants in foliage. Certain ornamentals, fruits, vegetables Insecticide/Miticide/ scales, mites, aphids, whiteflies, citrus leafminer OILS ARE USED AS: 1.Spray oils for pest control are mixed with water and applied to plants as a high volume spray for managing certain pests and diseases. They kill insects by smothering them so a good film of oil has to be applied to leaves, fruit, twigs and branches. Some insects avoid spray oils so that feeding by some sap-sucking insects, eg aphids, which spread virus diseases, is reduced; spray oils can also inhibit viruses spread mechanically by humans. They can provide some control of leaf spots, powdery mildews, rust diseases. Spray oils are suited to IPM programs. 2.Spray adjuvants/spray additives to improve the effectiveness of insecticides, herbicides and fungicides (page 455). Some spray oils used for pest control are also used as spray additives. SAFETY AND EFFECTIVENESS: 1.How safe will it be to the plant and environment, eg dormant or winter (only applied when plants are dormant), summer or white (may be applied when in leaf), superior oils (applied year round without toxicity). 2.How effective it will be in helping control sedentary or semi-sedentary pests and fungal diseases. Paraffinic oils are effective and considered to be superior over vegetable, pine and other mineral oils for controlling a rage of pests and diseases (Sacoa www.sacoa.com.au/) 3.For more information on spray oils: Beattie and Hardy 2005, Walsh et al. 2008 Precision Spray Oils www.caltex.com.au/cropprotection/ SACOA Spray Oils www.sacoa.com.au Insects and allied pests - Integrated pest management 61
Page 1 and 2:
PLANT PROTECTION 1 Pests, Diseases
Page 3 and 4:
PLANT PROTECTION 1 - Pests, Disease
Page 5 and 6:
Page 7 and 8:
Page 9 and 10:
Page 11 and 12:
Page 13 and 14:
Page 15 and 16:
Page 17 and 18:
Page 19 and 20:
Page 21 and 22:
Page 23 and 24:
Page 25 and 26:
Page 27 and 28: PLANT PROTECTION 1 - Pests, Disease
Page 37 and 38: Insect secretions PLANT PROTECTION
Page 77: PLANT PROTECTION 1 - Pests, Disease
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
Page 177 and 178:
Page 179 and 180:
Page 181 and 182:
Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
Page 187 and 188:
Page 189 and 190:
Page 191 and 192:
Page 193 and 194:
Page 195 and 196:
Page 197 and 198:
Page 199 and 200:
Page 201 and 202:
Page 203 and 204:
Page 205 and 206:
Page 207 and 208:
Page 209 and 210:
Page 211 and 212:
Page 213 and 214:
Page 215 and 216:
Page 217 and 218:
Page 219 and 220:
Page 221 and 222:
Page 223 and 224:
Page 225 and 226:
Page 227 and 228:
Page 229 and 230:
Page 231 and 232:
Page 233 and 234:
Page 235 and 236:
Page 237 and 238:
Page 239 and 240:
Page 241 and 242:
Page 243 and 244:
Page 245 and 246:
Page 247 and 248:
Page 249 and 250:
Page 251 and 252:
Page 253 and 254:
Page 255 and 256:
Page 257 and 258:
Page 259 and 260:
Page 261 and 262:
Page 263 and 264:
Page 265 and 266:
Page 267 and 268:
Page 269 and 270:
Page 271 and 272:
Page 273 and 274:
Page 275 and 276:
Page 277 and 278:
Page 279 and 280:
Page 281 and 282:
Page 283 and 284:
Page 285 and 286:
Page 287 and 288:
Page 289 and 290:
Page 291 and 292:
Page 293 and 294:
Page 295 and 296:
Page 297 and 298:
. PLANT PROTECTION 1 - Pests, Disea
Page 299 and 300:
Page 301 and 302:
Page 303 and 304:
Page 305 and 306:
Page 307 and 308:
Page 309 and 310:
Page 311 and 312:
Page 313 and 314:
1 PLANT PROTECTION 1 - Pests, Disea
Page 315 and 316:
Page 317 and 318:
Page 319 and 320:
Page 321 and 322:
Page 323 and 324:
Page 325 and 326:
Page 327 and 328:
Page 329 and 330:
Page 331 and 332:
Page 333 and 334:
Page 335 and 336:
Page 337 and 338:
Page 339 and 340:
Page 341 and 342:
Page 343 and 344:
Page 345 and 346:
Page 347 and 348:
Page 349 and 350:
Page 351 and 352:
Page 353 and 354:
Page 355 and 356:
Page 357 and 358:
Page 359 and 360:
Page 361 and 362:
Page 363 and 364:
Page 365 and 366:
Control methods Cultural methods.
Page 367 and 368:
Page 369 and 370:
Page 371 and 372:
Page 373 and 374:
Page 375 and 376:
Page 377 and 378:
Page 379 and 380:
Page 381 and 382:
Page 383 and 384:
Page 385 and 386:
Page 387 and 388:
Page 389 and 390:
Page 391 and 392:
Page 393 and 394:
Page 395 and 396:
Page 397 and 398:
Page 399 and 400:
Page 401 and 402:
Page 403 and 404:
Page 405 and 406:
Page 407 and 408:
Page 409 and 410:
Page 411 and 412:
Page 413 and 414:
Page 415 and 416:
Page 417 and 418:
Page 419 and 420:
Page 421 and 422:
Page 423 and 424:
Page 425 and 426:
Page 427 and 428:
Page 429 and 430:
Page 431 and 432:
Page 433 and 434:
Page 435 and 436:
Page 437 and 438:
Page 439 and 440:
Page 441 and 442:
Page 443 and 444:
Page 445 and 446:
Page 447 and 448:
Page 449 and 450:
Page 451 and 452:
Page 453 and 454:
Page 455 and 456:
Page 457 and 458:
Page 459 and 460:
Page 461 and 462:
Page 463 and 464:
Page 465 and 466:
Page 467 and 468:
Page 469 and 470:
Page 471 and 472:
Page 473 and 474:
Page 475 and 476:
Page 477 and 478:
Page 479 and 480:
Page 481 and 482:
Page 483 and 484:
Page 485 and 486:
Page 487 and 488:
Page 489 and 490:
Page 491 and 492:
Page 493 and 494:
Page 495 and 496:
Page 497 and 498:
Page 499 and 500:
Page 501 and 502:
Page 503 and 504:
Root structure of dock (Rumex spp.)
show all

PLANT PROTECTION 1 â Pests, Diseases and Weeds

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?

PLANT PROTECTION 1 â Pests, Diseases and Weeds