Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming XI

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elation functions between all the calculated kinematics variables. These kinematic data were represented in form of time-dependent signals. Results were obtained using Matlab software (The Matworks Inc., USA). Level of confidence was set at 95% (p
BiomechanicsandmedicineinswimmingXi Kwon, Y. H. & Casebolt, J. B. (2006). Effects of light refraction on the accuracy of camera calibration and reconstruction in underwater motion analysis. Sports Biomechanics, 5, 95-120. Maglischo, E. W. (2003). Swimming fastest. Champaign: Human Kinetics. Mason, B. & Cossor, J. (2000). What can we learn from competition analysis at the 1999 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships? In R. Sanders & Y. Hong (Eds.), Proceedings of XVIII Symposium on Biomechanics in Sports (pp. 75-82). Hong Kong, China: The Chinese University of Hong Kong. Rejman, M. & Ochmann, B. (2005). Application of artificial neural networks in monofin swimming technique assessment. The Human Movements, 6, 24-33. Winter, D. A. (1990). Biomechanics and motor control of human movement. New York: A. Wiley-Interscience Publication. AcKnoWledGeMents The authors wish to thank the “Ministère de la Jeunesse, des Sports et de la Vie Associative” and the “Fédération Française de Natation” for financing this study. The authors also wish to thank Frédéric Frontier, Frédéric Clerc, Isabelle Amaudry and the “INSEP” for logistic support, and Jean-Lyonel Rey, Stéphane Lecat, Eric Boissière and Yves Thomassin for their contributions. 74 Relationship between Arm Coordination and Energy Cost in Front Crawl Swimming Fernandes, r.J. 1 , Morais, P. 1 , Keskinen, K.l. 2 , seifert, l. 3 , chollet, d. 3 , Vilas-Boas, J.P. 1 1 University of Porto, Faculty of Sport, Cifi2d, Portugal 2 Finnish Society of Sport Sciences, Finland 3 University of Rouen, Faculty of Sport Sciences, France The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the Index of Coordination (IdC) and the Energy Cost of exercise (C) in front crawl swimming. Seven high level swimmers performed a paced intermittent incremental protocol of 7 × 200 m (0.05 m.s -1 increments, 30 s intervals), until maximal oxygen consumption intensities. IdC was assessed as the time gap between the propulsion of the two arms. Oxygen consumption was measured through direct breath×breath oximetry and lactate analyses were conducted at rest, in the intervals and at the end of exercise. Along the protocol, concomitant with the velocity raise, both C and IdC increased (r=0.98 and r=0.99, p
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average VO2 measured during resting
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Fourteen highly trained male swimme
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Figure 2. Repeatability of the LTin
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• Without restriction; • Blinde
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etween experimental groups and cont
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Pahlen Norge AS Pahlen Norge AS Cha
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