12th International Conference on Harmful Algae

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INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF HARMFUL ALGAE12 th <strong>International</strong> <strong>Conference</strong> on Harmful Algae, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4-8 September 2006UNESCO monographs on oceanographicmethodology:Real-time Coastal Observing Systems for MarineEcosystem Dynamics and Harmful Algal Blooms:Theory, Instrumentation and ModellingEdited by Marcel Babin, Collin Roesler andJohn CullenThe proliferation of harmful phytoplankton in marine ecosystems cancause massive fish kills, contaminate seafood with toxins, impact localand regional economies and dramatically affect ecological balance.Real-time observations are essential for effective short-termoperational forecasting, but observation and modelling systems arestill being developed. This volume offers guidance for developing realtimeand near real-time sensing systems for observing and predictingplankton dynamics, including harmful algal blooms, in coastal waters.It explains the underlying theory and discusses current directions inresearch and monitoring in looking at instrumentation and modelling.Topics treated include: coastal ecosystems and dynamics of harmfulalgal blooms; theory and practical applications of in situ and remotelysensed optical detection of microalgal distributions and composition;theory and practical applications of in situ biological and chemicalsensors for targeted species and toxin detection; integrated observingsystems and platforms for detection; diagnostic and predictivemodelling of ecosystems and harmful algal blooms, including dataassimilation techniques; observational needs for the public andgovernment; and future directions for research and operations.This anthology should inform the work of researchers andenvironmental monitors as well as teachers and trainers concernedwith understanding the causes, predicting the occurrences andmitigating the effects of harmful algal blooms in marine ecosystems.Expected release October 2006. Will be announced at the ISSHAlist server.117
INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF HARMFUL ALGAE12 th <strong>International</strong> <strong>Conference</strong> on Harmful Algae, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4-8 September 2006POSTER ABSTRACTSPO.05-35Liquid chromatography-tandemmass spectrometry techniquesfor the discovery of new marinealgal toxin analogues andmetabolitesSession: PO.05 - Toxin analysisJAB Aasen 1 , MA Quilliam 21 Norwegian School of Veterinary Science,OSLO, Norway2 Institute for Marine Biosciences, NRC,HALIFAX, NOVA SCOTIA, CanadaIn recent years the number ofknown marine algal toxins hasincreased tremendously, mainly bydiscovery of new analogues andmetabolites within known toxingroups. This is due in particular tothe use of LC-MS/MS. In thispresentation, we will outline somenew strategies based on variousMS/MS scanning techniques thatcan be used for comprehensivedetection and identification of newstructural analogues of toxins. Oneexample is the detection of assortednew analogues of the cyclic iminetoxins, spirolides (SPX). Targetingkey collision-induced product ions(m/z 150 or 164) in a precursor ionscanning mode and presenting theion intensity data in a 2-D contourplot (m/z vs. retention time) allowedthe detection of new toxins asindividual 'spots' and alsodetermines their masses. Production scans of those masses thenallow detailed structure informationto be generated. Thus, several newSPX analogues including fatty acidacyl ester metabolites have beenidentified. Examples will also beshown for the yessotoxin (YTX),okadaic acid (OA) and pectenotoxin(PTX) groups. The discovery of allthese new toxin analogues raisessome important questions such astheir toxicological significance andwhether we will be able to monitorfor the toxins without standards.PO.04-12Statewide distribution ofsaxitoxins within Florida pufferfish speciesSession: PO.04 – Food chainsJP Abbott, JH Landsberg, LJFlewelling, L Sebastian, S StahlFlorida Fish and Wildlife Conservation C,ST. PETERSBURG, United States ofAmericaFrom January 2002 to April 2005,28 cases of puffer fish poisoning(PFP) were reported, primarily fromFlorida. A harvesting ban was putinto effect in April 2002. Previouslyunknown in Florida’s marine waters,all incidents were due to saxitoxinpresent in the muscle of southernpuffer fish (Sphoeroides nephelus)originating from the northern IndianRiver Lagoon (IRL) on Florida’sAtlantic coast. Southern puffer fishin the IRL continue to pose asignificant threat to public healthwith maximum levels in the musclejust over 20,106 µg STXeq./100 gtissue (n=384), (action level forshellfish is 80 µg STXeq./100gtissue). Lower levels, ranging from10 to 3133 µg STXeq./100g tissue,have also been found in the muscleof southern puffer fish fromApalachicola (northwest),Jacksonville (northeast), FloridaKeys (south), Charlotte Harbor(southwest), Tampa Bay (centralwest) and Tequesta (southeast).Checkered (S. testudineus) pufferfish from the Florida Keys, IRL andTequesta (range= 17 to 137 µgSTXeq./100g tissue) were generallymuch lower than southern puffers.118
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12th International Conference on Harmful Algae

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