12th International Conference on Harmful Algae

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INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF HARMFUL ALGAE12 th <strong>International</strong> <strong>Conference</strong> on Harmful Algae, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4-8 September 2006food source for planktivorous fishlike the Baltic herring and sprat.Therefore the effect ofcyanobacteria on copepodproduction can have an effect onfish nutrition as well. However, littleinformation exists about copepodproduction rates in a naturalphytoplankton communitycontaining cyanobacteria.The copepod (Acartia spp.) eggproduction capacity and faecalpellet production was studiedexperimentally during 2-week fieldstudies in the Gulf of Finland, BalticSea in summer 2004 and 2005. Theexperiments were conductedonboard R/V Aranda, using differentsize fractions of naturalphytoplankton bloom communitiesas food suspensions for copepods.Egg production rates were very loweven in the control treatment,suggesting that copepods werefood-limited in the field. The almostcomplete lack of pellet production incyanobacteria treatments indicatesthat copepod feeding rates werelow. Even though cyanobacterialblooms host a variety ofheterotrophic organisms, which canbe favourable food items forcopepods, apparently they were notconsumed by copepods whencyanobacteria were present. Thesefindings suggest that cyanobacteriaaffect zooplankton feedingbehaviour.PO.01-06Development of a real-time PCRbasednucleic acid test for thedetection of Dinophysis speciesin Irish watersSession: PO.01 - GeneticsSM KavanaghNational Diagnostics Centre, GALWAY,IrelandDiarrheic shellfish toxin (DST)producing Dinophysis species occurin Irish coastal waters throughoutthe year, with cell numbers peakingduring the summer months. Themajority of closures of Irish musselfarmsare attributed to Dinophysisblooms. Routine monitoring of toxicphytoplankton from Irish coastalwaters, carried out by the MarineInstitute, currently relies onmicroscopic identification of targetspecies and biochemical analysis ofshellfish tissue. Nucleic acid testsbased on fluorescent in situhybridisation probes (FISH) andPCR technologies have beenshown to be effective for monitoringtoxic phytoplankton species. We arecurrently developing real-time PCRbased tests to detect D. acuta andD. acuminata in Irish waters, for usein the phytoplankton monitoringprogramme. Single-cell PCR wasperformed to amplify the D1-D2region of the large ribosomal subunit(LSU) from indigenousDinophysis species. The resultingsequence information for D. acutaand D. acuminata was aligned withall available LSU sequenceinformation for Dinophysis speciesfrom GenBank. PCR primers andFRET hybridisation probes specificfor D. acuta and D. acuminata weredesigned for real-time PCR tests onthe LightCyclerTM. These tests arecurrently being optimised on Irishwater samples.PO.05-28Gymnodimine toxins in TunesianshellfishSession: PO.05 - Toxin analysisRiadh KharratInstitut Pasteur de Tunis, TUNIS, TunisiaThe causative agent of toxicity inshellfish from a localized area on203
INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF HARMFUL ALGAE12 th <strong>International</strong> <strong>Conference</strong> on Harmful Algae, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4-8 September 2006the Tunesian coast has beenisolated by high-performance liquidchromatography (HPLC), followingbioassay–guided fractionation of adichloromethane extract of shellfish.The identity and the purity of theisolated compounds were confirmedby liquid chromatography coupledwith tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS-MS). According to its RF,its molecular mass and itsfragmentation patterns the toxinswere identified as a mixture ofgymnodimine A and gymnodimine Bat a concentration of 885 and 80.10 -6 mol /kg of shellfish,respectively. In contrast togymnodimine B, gymnodimine Aexhibited high neurotoxicity in miceand was lethal following inoculationby peripheral andintracerebroventricularadministration.PO.05-02Development of a highlysensitive determination methodfor cylindrospermopsin usingLC/ESI-MSSession: PO.05 - Toxin analysisSachiko KikuchiTohoku University, SENDAI, JapanCylindrospermopsin (CYN) is ahepatotoxic alkaloid produced byseveral freshwater cyanobacteriaincluding Cylindrospermopsisraciborskii. CYN-producingcyanobacteria are abundant insurface waters used as drinkingwater reservoirs throughout theworld. The toxicity of CYN and itspresence have prompted the WorldHealth Organization guideline valuefor drinking water quality of 1.0 µgCYN/L. When the guideline value isdetermined, a highly sensitivedetermination method is imperative.In this study, a highly sensitivedetermination method wasdeveloped, using LC/ESI-MS, andHEPES (2-[4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl] ethane-sulfonic acid) asthe internal standard. In the LC/ESI-MS, the retention times of CYN andHEPES were 12.41 and 14.21 min,and were observed at m/z 414.00for CYN and 237.00 for HEPES,respectively. CYN was determinedfrom peak area ratios in theselected ion monitor (SIM) mode ofm/z 414.00/237.00. Linearity of thismethod was observed in the rangeof 0.05-25 µmol/L (0.1-52 ng/5 µlinjected volume). The quantificationlimit (QOL) at a signal-to-noise(S/N) ratio of 10 was 158 pg. Themethod is useful for determinationof CYN in environmental and/ordrinking waters.PO.10-14Ecological niche of a marine redtide ciliate Myrionecta rubrarevisited: multi-modes ofnutrition in a single speciesSession: PO.10 - Ecophysiology &AutecologyHS Kim 1 , G Myung 2 , KG Chang 2 , WYih 21 Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries,KUNSAN, South Korea2 Kunsan National University, KUNSAN,South KoreaMyrionecta rubra Jankowski 1976(=Mesodinium rubrum Lohmann1908) is a marine kleptoplastidic(=retaining plastids of donor cells)ciliate feeding on cryptophytespecies including Teleaulax sp. Asa functional primary producer M.rubra is very common and oftencauses recurrent red tides in diverseeutrophic marine environments.Recently, we observed activebacterivory by M. rubra MR-MAL01strain that had been isolated fromGomso Bay, Korea. Thus, the204
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12th International Conference on Harmful Algae

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