12th International Conference on Harmful Algae

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INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF HARMFUL ALGAE12 th <strong>International</strong> <strong>Conference</strong> on Harmful Algae, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4-8 September 2006been identified that either consumedirectly DA-producing Pseudonitzschiaor acquire the toxinindirectly. A jellyfish mortality eventwas associated with a Pseudonitzschiabloom and dissolved DAlevels exceeding 120 nM inMonterey Bay, USA, indicating thepossible uptake of DA by jellyfish.This suggests that jellyfish canserve as vectors for transferringtoxin to its predator species (e.g.,turtles, dolphins, tuna) in this andother locations. Laboratoryexperiments using the jellyfishAurelia aurita were performed toassess toxicity (LD50 96 h) ofdissolved DA and the ability of theseorganisms to accumulate the toxin,with toxin levels measured using areceptor binding assay. Resultsdemonstrated that DA was not toxicto A. aurita at the concentrationstested (3 to 250 ng/mL) over a 96 hexposure. During the same timeperiod, a linear relationship wasobserved between the DA level inseawater and in the jellyfish,suggesting diffusion as the primaryuptake mechanism. These findingsdemonstrate that jellyfish canaccumulate DA and thus serve asvectors for trophic transfer andgeographic transport of the toxin asthese contaminated organisms aremoved by ocean currents.PO.05-31The study of cryptic PSP toxicitydepending upon the extractionprocedureSession: PO.05 - Toxin analysisM.J. Botelho, SS Gomes, SMRodrigues, P ValeINIAP-IPIMAR, LISBOA, PortugalThe recent modifications of theextraction solvent for prechromatographicoxidation LCmethod of Lawrence et al. (2004)were tested with shellfish harvestedduring a bloom of Gymnodiniumcatenatum that occurred along theNW coast of Portugal duringautumn 2005. The toxic profile inseveral shellfish species wasobtained using acetic acidextraction, and compared withhydrochloric acid extraction. Sincethe acetic acid doesnot promote the partial conversionof N-sulfocarbamoyl analogues, asobserved with 0.1M hydrochloricacid, underestimation of carbamatetoxins was recorded. A morecomplete conversion of N-sulfocarbamoyl toxins was achievedwith 1 M hydrochloric acid, meaningcryptic toxicity was still left in thesample.PO.01-01Genetic characterization ofPseudo-nitzschia speciesisolated from the ChesapeakeBay, Maryland USASession: PO.01 - GeneticsHA Bowers 1 , A Thessen 2 , DW Oldach 1 ,D Stoecker 21 University of Maryland, BALTIMORE,United States of America2 University of Maryland Center for Envir,CAMBRIDGE, United States of AmericaRecently, domoic acid-producingPseudo-nitzschia species wereisolated from the Chesapeake Bay,Maryland (see poster by A.Thessen, this meeting). AlthoughPseudo-nitzschia has beenidentified previously in this regionvia light microscopy, there has beenvery little work performed to identifythem via electron microscopy,genetics and toxin analyses. Aspart of the characterization of theseisolates, we sequenced tworibosomal RNA loci: the 28S largesubunit and the region spanning137
INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF HARMFUL ALGAE12 th <strong>International</strong> <strong>Conference</strong> on Harmful Algae, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4-8 September 2006internal transcribed spacer 1, 5.8S,and internal transcribed spacer 2.Sequencing of both loci confirmedthe electron microscopyidentification of one P. multiseriesculture, five P. fraudulenta culturesand seven P. calliantha cultures.These sequences were identical, ornearly identical, to sequencesavailable on GenBank derived fromEuropean and US west coastisolates. This work confirms thepresence of toxic Pseudo-nitzschiain the Chesapeake Bay andpreliminarily demonstrates that weare detecting some of the samestrains that have led to marinemammal deaths and human illnessin other parts of the world.PO.15-18Rapid field-based monitoringsystems for the detection of toxiccyanobacteria blooms:microcystin immunostrips andfluorescence-based monitoringsystemsSession: PO.15 - MonitoringG. L. Boyer 1 , H Gilbert 2 , E Konopko 1 , JMakarewicz 31 State University of New York - ESF,SYRACUSE, United States of America2 Agdia Inc, ELKHART, United States ofAmerica3 State University of New York,BROCKPORT, United States of AmericaThe occurrence of toxiccyanobacteria is an increasingproblem as the world places moredemand on its water supplies.Current monitoring strategies areman-power intensive. Discretesamples are collected and returnedto the laboratory for chemical orbiochemical analysis. Thisapproach is slow and difficult toimplement in less-developedregions. Here we describe twoalternative approaches formonitoring cyanobacterial bloomsand their toxins. The first uses thefluorescence of the cyanobacterialpigment phycocyanin. Dualfluorometers were installed in aresearch vessel and used tomonitor for chlorophyll andphycocyanin-containing bloomswhile the ship was underway.Results of the autonomous shipboardmonitoring from the greatlakes, as well as application of asimpler hand held unit will bediscussed. In a second approach, alateral flow immunoassay(ImmunoStrip) was constructed forthe hepatotoxin, microcystin-LR.This ImmunoStrip could detectsoluble microcystins atconcentrations below 10 ug per liter.Coupled with a field extractiontechnique, the ImmunoStrip couldquickly determine if a toxic bloomwas present without returning thesamples to the laboratory.Comparison of this assay with othertechniques will be presented.PO.06-16Alexandrium minutum andKryptoperidinium foliaceumblooms in differentenvironmental conditions in theMiñor River influenced region(NW of Spain)Session: PO.06 - Population dynamicsI Bravo, S Fraga, RI Figueroa, I Ramilo,P Rial, A Fernandez-VillamarínInstituto Español de Oceanografía, VIGO,SpainBaiona Bay was selected to studythe spring and summer bloomdynamics of Alexandrium minutumsince this area is frequently affectedby its toxicity while nearby areas areusually free of it. The zone isaffected by the tidally intermittentfreshwater discharge from Miñor138
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Dear participantWelcome to Denmark
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12th International Conference on Harmful Algae

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