12th International Conference on Harmful Algae

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INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF HARMFUL ALGAE12 th <strong>International</strong> <strong>Conference</strong> on Harmful Algae, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4-8 September 2006PO.13-11Crassostrea ariakensis and C.virginica responses toichthyotoxic KarlodiniumveneficumSession: PO.13 - Regional eventsSG Sellner 1 , EF Brownlee 2 , KGSellner 3 , A Place 4 , JE Adolf 4 , HNonogaki 4 , TR Bachvaroff 41 Morgan State University ERC, ST.LEONARD, MD, United States of America2 Hood College, FREDERICK, MD, UnitedStates of America3 Chesapeake Research Consortium,EDGEWATER, MD, United States ofAmerica4 UMD Center of Marine Biotechnology,BALTIMORE, MD, United States ofAmericaThe Eastern oyster Crassostreavirginica and the Asian oyster C.ariakensis are native and potentiallyintroduced oysters, respectively, inthe Chesapeake Bay and as such,will be exposed to the naturalphytoplankton assemblagesincluding harmful speciesthroughout their life cycles. Recentwork suggests that at least one ofthese prey items, the ichthyotoxicdinoflagellate Karlodiniumveneficum, occurs frequentlythroughout the growth period for theoysters and produces linearpolyketide toxins (karlotoxins) whichelicit toxicity through steroldependent,non-specific membranepores. Spat and juvenile oysters ofeach species were exposed tomoderately toxic strains [18.5 ± 6.2ng ml -1 ] at environmentally-relevantcell densities and growth andclearance rates contrasted withrates observed on otherphytoplankton species, including thespring bloom former Prorocentrumminimum and phytoplanktonmixtures routinely used in oysterhatcheries. Spat growth andclearance rates and juvenileclearance rates of both oysterswere significantly reduced whenfeeding on Karlodinium, relative tothe other prey species. These initialresults suggest that thecosmopolitan Karlodiniumveneficum inhibits growth and wouldpotentially curtail oyster productionwithin the tidal bay and its tributariesthroughout the oysters' growthperiods and considering its globaldistribution, potential impactthroughout temperate areas shouldbe assessed.PO.13-89The present state of toxinproducing cyanobacteia speciesin the southern Lake Victoria(Tanzania)Session: PO.13 – Regional events1 Pazi M. Semili, 2 Dickson K.Rutagemwa, 3 Hassan J. Mjengera1 Faculty of Aquatic Sciences andTechnology (FAST), University of dar esSalaam, DAR ES SALAAM,Tanzania2 Lake Victoria Environmental ManagementProject, MWANZA, Tanzania3 Ministry of Water, Water LaboratoriesUnit, DAR ES SALAAM, TanzaniaCyanobacterial blooms havebecome an increasing worldwideproblem in aquatic habitats. Theseoccurrences can be partiallyattributed to gradual eutrophicationof waterways caused by increaseof nutrient inputs. Certain speciesof cyanobacteria produce toxinsand, as a result, blooms createmajor threats to animal and humanhealth, tourism, recreation, andaquaculture. Despite these facts,studies on toxic cyanobacteriaspecies and their associatedenvironmental factors are limited inthe tropics. Worse still, in EasternAfrica, farmers and the generalpublic are not aware of thechallenges posed by toxin-277
INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF HARMFUL ALGAE12 th <strong>International</strong> <strong>Conference</strong> on Harmful Algae, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4-8 September 2006producing cyanobacteria. In thispaper, we present the recent statusof toxinproducing cyanobacteria inrelation to environmental factorslinked to their dominance in LakeVictoria, from 2000 to 2005. Thestudy revealed that blooms ofcynobacteria occur frequently, andmicroscopic examination of theblooms showed dominance of thepotentially toxic genera ofMicrocystis, Anabaena andCylidrospermopsis. Average totalabundance and biomass ofphytoplankton were approximately5 times higher than in the studiesfrom the 1960s and 1980s. Thepersistence of toxic cyanobacteriaappears to be favoured by amultiplicity of factors of importance:nutrient concentration (P), watertemperature, mixing conditions,under-water light availability andfood web structure.PO.14-06The use of clays to controlharmful algal blooms in the U.S.:from laboratory to the fieldSession: PO.14 - MitigationM. Sengco 1 , DM Anderson 2 , V.M.Bricelj 3 , RH Pierce 41 Smithsonian Environmental Research Ctr,EDGEWATER, MD, United States ofAmerica2 Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,WOODS HOLE, MA, United States ofAmerica3 Institute for Marine Biosciences, HALIFAX,NS B3H 3Z1, Canada4 Mote Marine Laboratory, SARASOTA, FL,United States of AmericaFor nearly a decade, the efficacy ofclay flocculation and the potentialimpacts of clay dispersal have beenexamined in the United States. Todate, the removal ability of variousclays has been tested againstKarenia brevis, Heterosigmaakashiwo, Prymnesium parvum,Aureococcus anophagefferens,Pfiesteria piscicida and Alexandriumtamarense, with most of theresearch focusing on K. brevis andphosphatic clays. This presentationwill summarize the major finding ofthe research from small tomesoscale studies – with andwithout flow – culminating in a pilotexperiment in open waters duringan actual bloom. Recentobservations regarding the effect ofphosphatic clays on the motility andviability K. brevis in flow will bepresented. The potential benefitsand disadvantages of usingchemical flocculants such aspolyaluminum chloride and cationicpolymers in combination with clayswill also be discussed. Finally,results from impact studies onselect benthic organisms andseveral bivalve species, will bepresented. Overall, this researchhas demonstrated the applicabilityof clays to treat harmful algalblooms under certain conditions incertain locations. However, thereare also limitations to the methodand possible impacts that must beconsidered.PO.06-20Microscopic digital holographyimaging of dinoflagellatebehaviour in laboratory culturesSession: PO.06 - Population dynamicsJ Sheng 1 , E Malkiel 1 , DW Pfitch 1 , JKatz 1 , J Adolf 2 , R Belas 2 , AR Place 21 The Johns Hopkins University,BALTIMORE, United States of America2 UMBI Center of Marine Biotechnology,BALTIMORE, United States of AmericaPredator-prey interactions arefundamental to a greaterunderstanding of harmful algalbloom (HAB) dynamics; however,interactions between dinoflagellates278
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Dear participantWelcome to Denmark
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12th International Conference on Harmful Algae

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