12th International Conference on Harmful Algae

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INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF HARMFUL ALGAE12 th <strong>International</strong> <strong>Conference</strong> on Harmful Algae, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4-8 September 2006autonomous underwater vehicles, toshow that the incubator region canseed bay-wide red tide events whenmesoscale dynamics of theCalifornia Current stir the bay.PO.13-73Temporal and spatial distributionof the dinoflagellate genusAlexandrium along the Catalancoast (NW Mediterranean)Session: PO.13 - Regional eventsN Sampedro 1 , M Vila 1 , E Garcés 1 , LArin 1 , A Reñé 1 , S Fraga 2 , M Masó 1 , JCamp 11 Institut de Ciències del Mar-CSIC,BARCELONA, Spain2 Instituto Español de Oceanografía, VIGO,SpainThe genus Alexandrium containsspecies associated with paralyticshellfish toxins. These species aremorphologically similar and can beidentified by small differences in thethecal plates using epifluorescencemicroscopy. Blooms and mixedpopulations of different Alexandriumspecies (toxic and non-toxic) arefrequently observed at inshoreareas of the NW MediterraneanSea. Until now, ten Alexandriumspecies have been identified in thisarea, either in the water column orin the sediment, which correspondsto one third of the species describedfor this genus. We present thetemporal and spatial distribution ofseven Alexandrium species (A.minutum, A. catenella, A. taylori, A.pseudogonyaulax, A. tamutum, A.insuetum, A. peruvianum) based onsamples collected during six years(2000 to 2005) on surface water ofseveral harbours and beaches. Cellconcentrations of the mentionedspecies are presented together withdata of the relevant physical andchemical variables.PO.15-08The use of SPATT. Detection ofAza and comparison with toxinprofiles in shellfish in relation toalgal cell countsSession: PO.15 - MonitoringMorten Sandvik 1 , ThomasRundberget 1 , Peter Hovgaard 2 , TonjeCastberg 3 , Lai Nguyen 4 , ChristophMiles 51 National Veterinary Institute, OSLO,Norway2 Sogn og Fjordane University College,SOGNDAL, Norway3 The Institute of Marine Research Flødevi,HIS, Norway4 Norwegian School of Veterinary Science,OSLO, Norway5 Agresearch Ltd, HAMILTON, New ZealandWe have developed solid phasetoxin tracking (SPATT) disks basedon the method of MacKenzie et al.(2004). Data from spatial and timeintegratedsampling of disks withsubsequent extraction and MRMLC/MS analysis for AZAs, PTX-2s,OA/DTXs, and YTX are presented.Profiles of toxins in the disks andblue mussels (M. edulis) arecompared with the abundance oftoxin producing algal species.Toxins accumulated in the disksand, generally, their concentrationsfollowed the abundance of the algalspecies from which they hadoriginated. However, largevariations in toxin profiles wereobserved during mixed blooms ofDinophysis spp. At Flødevigen,mussels and disks containedsubstantial levels of DTX-2throughout the trial; at Sogndal, onlytrace amounts could be detected inthe disks from and DTX-2 could notbe detected in the mussels. Inmussels, AZA-1, -2, -3 and -6typically occurred in ratios of ca2:1:1:1, respectively. However, inextracts from the disks only AZA-1273
INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF HARMFUL ALGAE12 th <strong>International</strong> <strong>Conference</strong> on Harmful Algae, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4-8 September 2006and -2 (5:1) were detected,suggesting that AZA-3 and -6 maybe produced by in vivobiotransformation in shellfish.SPATT disks are a convenient toolfor monitoring toxigenic algalblooms, and should also be usefulfor identifying toxigenic algalspecies and studying toxinmetabolism.PO.05-17Microcystins in the NIES CertifiedReference Materials No. 26Session: PO.05 - Toxin analysisT Sano 1 , H Takagi 1 , M Nishikawa 1 , KKaya 21 National Institute for Environmental Stu,TSUKUBA, Japan2 Tohoku University, SENDAI, JapanThe Certified Reference Material(CRM) for metal elements andmicrocystin analyses was preparedby NIES. The microcystins in theCRM are mainly [Dha7]microcystin-RR and -LR. To determinemicrocystin content in the CRM, welooked up authorized standards of[Dha7]microcystin variants.However, we could not obtain thestandards. The microcystin contentin the CRM was thereforedetermined according to the MMPBmethod. In the LC-MS analysis ofthe CRM, the results suggested theexistence of [Dha7]microcystin-YR,[D-Asp3, Dha7]microcystin-RR and[D-Asp3, Dha7]microcystin-LR asthe previously identified variants,and some unknown microcystins asminor variants. The NMR and MSspectra of the minor variants weremeasured for the elucidation of thestructures. Amino acid compositionsof the variants were also analyzed.All the data show that the minorvariants are novel microcystinvariants.The CRM is useful not only asstandard material for quantificationof microcystins but also foridentification of [Dha7]microcystinvariants. The CRM No. 26 withanalytical data of microcystinvariants has been supplied aroundthe world.PO.01-04Development of microsatellitemarkers to study the populationgenetics of Skelotonema sp. - amarine diatomSession: PO.01 - GeneticsV SaravananCollege of Fisheries, MANGALORE, IndiaSkelotonema is a marine diatomspecies that contributes significantlyto phytoplankton blooms. Restingstages are abundant in sediments.Allozyme studies have showngenetic differences between springand autumn populations ofSkeletonema. Recent studies haveshown that phytoplankton can haveextensive intraspecific variationwithin a geographic location. Thisvariation can be measured usinggenetic markers such as RAPD andmicrosatellite DNA. Thesetechniques can be applied to withinspeciesanalyses of Skelotonemaresting stages and planktonic cellsto study population differences.Microsatellites have never beenused to discriminate betweenplanktonic and benthic life stages ofmicroalgal species. In the presentstudy, Skeletonema genomic DNAlibraries were constructed bymicrosatellite methods, andsequence data of microsatellitepositive clones were obtained forPCR primer development. We havelocated (CA)n and (AT)n coresequences within the genome.Primer sequences flanking these274
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12th International Conference on Harmful Algae

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