12th International Conference on Harmful Algae

INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF HARMFUL ALGAE12 th <strong>International</strong> <strong>Conference</strong> on Harmful Algae, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4-8 September 2006accumulated in shellfish and ontothe resin. Furthermore, all dataobtained by LC-MS were comparedto the toxin levels in indigenousmussels. The SPATT bags showedthe ability to adsorb a wide range oflipophilic toxins (AZAs, OA, DTX2,PTX2, and YTX) even when nomajor toxic events occurred. Therelocated mussels that were placednear the SPATT bags accumulatedtoxins (OA, DTX2, OA esters, DTX2esters, AZA1 and AZA2) to agreater extent than the indigenousmussels. The SPATT bags allowthe detection of toxins in the waterbut did not provide an early warningseven days prior the toxic event.The use of passive sampling hadmajor advantages over currentmonitoring methods which useshellfish, as it enables thequantification of parent toxins ratherthan their metabolites and offeredhigh sensitivity.O.07-03Genoa 2005 outbreak.Determination of a putativepalytoxin in MediterraneanOstreopsis ovata by a new LC/MSmethodSession: O.07 - Toxin analysis 1Presentation time: 11:40 - 12:00P Ciminiello 1 , C Dell'Aversano 2 , EFattorusso 2 , M Forino 2 , GS Magno 2 , LTartaglione 2 , C Grillo 3 , N Melchiorre 31 Università di Napoli 'Federico II', NAPOLI,Italy2 Università di Napoli 'Federico II', NAPOLI,Italy3 ARPAL, LA SPEZIA, ItalyDuring Summer 2005, symptoms ofrhinorrhea, cough, fever,bronchoconstriction with milddyspnea were observed in about200 people exposed to marineaerosols on the beach of Genoa(Italy). The toxic outbreak wascorrelated with the co-occurrence ofan unusual proliferation of thetropical microalga Ostreopsis ovata.Some Ostreopsis strains are provento produce analogues of palytoxin.Thus, the need arose to develop ananalytical method for detectingpalytoxin in order to investigatewhether the O. ovata bloomingduring the Genoa event wasproducing the toxin.A new LC/MS method for palytoxinwas set up on a turbo ionspray(TSI)- triple quadrupole MSinstrument operating in selected ionmonitoring (SIM) and multiplereaction monitoring (MRM)acquisition modes (positive ions).The minimum detection levels formatrix-free toxin on-column, whichwere estimated to be 17 pg (3.4ng/mL) and 29 pg (5.8 ng/mL) inMRM and SIM mode, respectively,make the method suitable formonitoring program.Application of the method to theanalysis of a plankton samplecollected along Genoa coastsduring the toxic event,demonstrated for the first time thepresence of a putative palytoxin inItalian waters and pointed to thistoxin as the causative agent of theGenoa outbreak.O.07-04LC-MS for detection of paralyticshellfish poisoning (PSP) toxinsin shellfishSession: O.07 - Toxin analysis 1Presentation time: 12:00 - 12:20EA Turrell, L Stobo, J-P LacazeFisheries Research Services, ABERDEEN,United KingdomThe combination of hydrophilicinteraction chromatography (HILIC)and tandem liquid chromatographymassspectrometry (LC-MS/MS)42