12th International Conference on Harmful Algae

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INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF HARMFUL ALGAE12 th <strong>International</strong> <strong>Conference</strong> on Harmful Algae, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4-8 September 20063 Micro-Algues Tox., Inst.Louis Malarde,PAPEETE, TAHITI, French Polynesia4 Trop Mar Sci Inst, Natl Univ Singapore,SINGAPORE, SingaporeGambierdiscus species have a pantropical distribution and someproduce ciguatoxins whichconcentrate in marine food webs,causing ciguatera fish poisoning.Though Gambierdiscus cells aretypically referred to as eitherGambierdiscus toxicus orGambierdiscus sp., the genusencompases a diverse multispeciescomplex. This species diversity isgenerally underappreciated in mostecological studies. Our researchwas undertaken to bettercharacterize the Gambierdiscusspecies both morphologically, usingSEM and calcofluor staining, andmolecularly, using SSU through-D1-D3 LSU rDNA sequences. Themolecular and morphological datasupport the existence of at least fivenew species, plus five of the sixcurrently described species. Themajor problem was with G. toxicus,which could not be resolvedbecause type material wasunavailable. Also, despite anexcellent description of the genusmorphology in the original paper,the large range in cell sizes andmultiple collection sites for the typematerial causes us to ask if the typeG. toxicus description includedmultiple species. We would like toopen discussions on whether typematerial exists or if a new,molecularly well defined, typespecies should be established.Once ecological studies includespecies level identifications, thedifferences in distribution,abundance and toxicity of CFPoutbreaks may be betterunderstood.PO.13-68A toxic benthic dinoflagellateProrocentrum faustiae Mortonisolated from Phanri Bay, SouthCentral VietnamSession: PO.13 - Regional eventsHo Van The 1 , Nguyen N. Lam 1 , SteveMorton 21 Institute of Oceanography, NHA TRANG,Vietnam2 NOAA National Ocean Service,CHARLESTON, United States of AmericaDinoflagellates were isolated fromLiagora sp. (Rhodophyta) in a tidalarea of Phanri Bay, BinhthuanProvince. The species wasidentified as Prorocentrum faustiae.This is a new record of microalgaein Vietnam. The cells are widelyoval, 30-40 µm wide and 40-45 µmlong. Thecal surface is rugose withscattered large /and small poresexcept at the centre. A largenucleus and pyrenoid are positionedat the lower part and the centre ofthe cell, respectively. Intercalarybands are horizontally striated. Thisstrain of P. faustiae produces twocytotoxic fractions, a non-polar anda polar fraction. The polarcompound was found to beichthyotoxic and the non-polarcompound was found to becytotoxic.PO.13-40Pseudo-nitzschia spp. anddomoic acid in Maryland andVirginia watersSession: PO.13 - Regional eventsAE Thessen 1 , HA Bowers 2 , DKStoecker 1 , DW Oldach 21 UMCES Horn Point Laboratory,CAMBRIDGE, United States of America2 University of Maryland, IHV, BALTIMORE,United States of America291
INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF HARMFUL ALGAE12 th <strong>International</strong> <strong>Conference</strong> on Harmful Algae, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4-8 September 2006Some species of the diatom genusPseudo-nitzschia are known toproduce the neurotoxin domoic acid(DA) which is responsible foramnesic shellfish poisoning inhumans and domoic acid poisoningin animals. Current phytoplanktonmonitoring by Maryland Departmentof Natural Resources identifiesPseudo-nitzschia in water samplesvia light microscopy as either P.seriata or P. pungens. From 2002to 2006 water samples werecollected throughout theChesapeake Bay (Maryland andVirginia), the coastal bays, and theDelaware coast for culture isolation,toxin analysis and Pseudo-nitzschiaenumeration and speciesidentification via TEM. Four speciesof Pseudo-nitzschia were identifiedin Maryland and Virginia waters (P.multiseries, P. fraudulenta, P.pungens and P. calliantha).Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries, P.calliantha, and P. fraudulenta havebeen isolated from field samples,cultured in the laboratory andsequenced (see poster by H.Bowers, this meeting). Domoic acidwas found in 6 of 14 cultures and insome field samples containingPseudo-nitzschia. Pseudo-nitzschiawas most abundant in the southernportion of the Chesapeake Bay fromJanuary to March. The datasuggest that Pseudo-nitzschia in theChesapeake Bay region is moreabundant at higher salinities andduring colder months.PO.10-44Evidence for neurotoxins fromspecies of the raphidophytegenera Chattonella, Fibrocapsaand HeterosigmaSession: PO.10 - Ecophysiology &autecologyCR Tomas, A. Bourdelais, T Schuster,J NaarUniversity of North Carolina Wilmington,WILMINGTON, NC, United States ofAmericaBlooms of raphidophyte flagellateswere implicated with fish-killingevents, intoxication of bivalves andallelopathic effects on otherphytoplankton. The mode of toxicityis a complex one involving reactiveoxygen species, hemolytic toxins,polyunsaturated fatty acids andneurotoxins. This last toxincategory was inferred from HPLCseparation of compounds that comigratedwith brevetoxins. Theiractual structures and thus finalidentity remained to be defined.This study examined extracts ofChattonella antiqua, C. marina, C.subsalsa, Fibrocapsa japonica andHeterosigma akashiwo. Cultures ofthese organisms were grown in thelaboratory to stationary phase,harvested, extracted with ethylacetate. The dried residue wasresuspended in absolute methanol,filtered and applied to the ELISAassay specific for brevetoxins and toESI and MALDI HPLC Massspectroscopy. All cultures werefound to contain PbTX 2, -3 and -9.While the cellular concentrations ofthese toxins were low this evidenceindicates that among the differingtoxic substances produced inraphidophyte blooms, neurotoxinscannot be excluded as a contributorto their toxicity.PO.15-15Remote sensing for the detectionand monitoring of Microcystisaeruginosa in western Lake Erieand Saginaw Bay, USASession: PO.15 - MonitoringMC Tomlinson 1 , RP Stumpf 1 , GLFahnenstiel 2 , J Dyble 2 , PA Tester 3292
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12th International Conference on Harmful Algae

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