12th International Conference on Harmful Algae

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INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF HARMFUL ALGAE12 th <strong>International</strong> <strong>Conference</strong> on Harmful Algae, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4-8 September 20061 National Ocean Service, NOAA, SILVERSPRING, MD, United States of America2 NOAA/GLERL, MUSKEGON, MI, UnitedStates of America3 NOAA/NCCOS, BEAUFORT, NC, UnitedStates of AmericaThe toxic cyanobacterium,Microcystis aeruginosa, hasbecome a dominant component ofthe summer phytoplanktonpopulation in Saginaw Bay andwestern Lake Erie, USA. Expansiveblooms of Microcystis have causedconsiderable concern to the GreatLakes region due to the use ofthese waters for recreation. Thetoxin, microcystin, has beenobserved in both regions above therecommended limit of 1 µg L -1 andposes a threat to human health.Microcystis blooms have uniquescattering and absorptionproperties, due to the production ofsurface scum and the dominantaccessory pigment, phycocyanin.In an effort to better detect andmonitor these blooms, satellitederived products from SeaWiFSand MODIS which highlight theseoptical properties will be comparedwith in situ measurements ofMicrocystis and its toxin, from 2004and 2005. Phycocyanin has anabsorption peak centered at 620nm. Therefore, changes in theabsorption spectra centered at thiswavelength will be investigatedusing spectral curvature methods.In addition, the use of a particulatebackscatter ratio method will betested for its ability to detect theseblooms. The ability to detectsurface scum using the MODISnear-infrared band (865 nm) may becompromised by shallow waterdepth but looks promising in deeperwater.PO.09-10Fatty acid esters of pectenotoxinseco acids in Norwegian andIrish musselsSession: PO.09 - Toxin synthesis andchemical structure of toxinsT. Torgersen 1 , AL Wilkins 2 , NRehman 3 , T Rundberget 1 , D Petersen 4 ,P Hess 3 , F Rise 4 , CO Miles 11 National Veterinary Institute, OSLO,Norway2 The University of Waikato, HAMILTON,New Zealand3 Marine Institute, GALWAY, Ireland4 University of Oslo, OSLO, NorwayPectenotoxin-2 (PTX-2) from marinedinoflagellates of the genusDinophysis is rapidly hydrolyzed inmany shellfish to pectenotoxin-2seco acid (PTX-2 SA), whichisomerises to 7- 7-epi-PTX-2 SA.Pectenotoxin-12 (PTX-12) from thesame dinoflagellates is alsobelieved to be hydrolyzed inshellfish to PTX-12 SAs, which arein equilibrium with isomerspresumed to be 7-epi-PTX-12 SAs.Three series of fatty acid esters ofPTX-2 SA and 7-epi-PTX-2 SAwere detected by LC-MS analysis ofan extract from Irish blue mussels(Mytilus edulis). Fatty acids wereconjugated on C-11, C-33 and C-37of the PTX-skeleton. In methanolicextracts from two samples of bluemussels from Norway, three seriesof fatty acid esters of PTX-2 SA,with only minor accompanyingamounts of the 7-epi-analogues,and a series of fatty acid esters ofPTX-12 SAs and its presumed 7-epi-analogues, were detected.The location of the fatty acid esterlinkages were identified by LC-MSnin positive- and negative-ionizationmodes, LC-MS analysis of theproducts of the reaction with sodiumperiodate, and NMR analysis ofpurified samples of the mostabundant derivatives. For PTX-2293
INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF HARMFUL ALGAE12 th <strong>International</strong> <strong>Conference</strong> on Harmful Algae, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4-8 September 2006SA, the 37-O-acyl esters were themost abundant, while the mostabundant side chain was the 16:0fatty acid.PO.14-12Growth control of toxicmicroalgae by electrostaticadsorption and decentralizationSession: PO.14 - MitigationAsami Touno, Shin Takano, HitoshiOgawaUniv. Tamagawa, MACHIDA-SHI TOKYO,JapanAdsorption and desorption by staticelectricity happens here and there.An electrostatic phenomenon in theinterface can be strong, and anunpleasant phenomenon causedby the static electricity in winter isaccompanied with dry air. Theinfluence of static electricity inwater is not like in air, i.e. notcaused by the electric charge. Itcan be observed in the interfacebetween water and a body of aninsulator and a semiconductor.Algae adhering to rice plants in apaddy field are a well-knownphenomenon. It is also reportedthat straw bundles scattered in thepaddy field adsorb algae. Wethought that an electrostatic circuitformed in the environment aroundthe rice and wheat straws rich inhydrated silica could possiblycause electrostatic adsorption andmigration of algae.The adsorption and desorption ofalgae around the straws of rice andwheat was studied by changing theelectrostatic voltage and thecurrent. The electrostatic inductionin the environment is possiblyinfluenced by the wind and thehumidity around the straws abovethe water surface. An electrostaticinduction model based on thestraws as an induction medium wasstudied using toxic microalgae.PO.06-12A drifter study of a toxic Pseudonitzschiabloom from the Juan deFuca Eddy in the PacificNorthwestSession: PO.06 - Population dynamicsCG Trick 1 , EJ Lessard 2 , WP Cochlan 3 ,B Hickey 2 , VL Trainer 4 , ML Wells 51 Schulich School of Medicine, LONDON,Canada2 School of Oceanography, U. Washington,SEATTLE, United States of America3 Romberg Tiburon Centre, SFSU,TIBURON, United States of America4 Northwest Fisheries Science Center,SEATTLE, United States of America5 School of Marine Sciences, U. Maine,ORONO, ME, United States of AmericaAs part of the ECOHAB-PNWprogram to study the communityformation, domoic acid (DA) toxicityand transport of Pseudo-nitzschiafrom the coastal waters ofWashington State and BritishColumbia to the shoreline, weemployed drifters to follow bloomsemitted from their putative origin,the Juan de Fuca Eddy. InSeptember 2004, we followed thedynamics of a bloom of the highlytoxic Pseudo-nitzschia cuspidataand a small, vertically migratingflagellate. Over ten days, particulateDA reached more than 40 nM anddissolved DA reached up to 15 nM.Our analysis of temporal changesallowed us to evaluate nutrientdrawdown rates and correspondingbiomass increase, and to testhypotheses regarding bloomsuccess: 1) Is the bloom communitycomposition a direct result ofphysical processes of eddy mixingof nutrients? 2) Is communitycomposition the result of grazing294
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INTERNATIONAL SOCIETYFOR THE STUDY
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Dear participantWelcome to Denmark
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INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY
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12th International Conference on Harmful Algae

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