12th International Conference on Harmful Algae

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INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF HARMFUL ALGAE12 th <strong>International</strong> <strong>Conference</strong> on Harmful Algae, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4-8 September 2006macrophytes. In sheltered areasextensive masses containingmixtures of green algae can befound, among which three maintypes can be distinguished: thosepredominantly made up of speciesof Ulva (including Enteromorpha),entangled filaments of Cladophora,and elongate masses ofChaetomorpha linum. High numbersof microscopic algae can be foundattached to these substrates ordwelling close to the macroalgalsurfaces, forming diverse epibenthiccommunities. Attached diatomsmake up the greatest abundance ofepibenthic organisms, especially inmore exposed areas, but a varietyof dinoflagellates, including toxinproducingspecies, are regularmembers of the community insheltered areas. The composition ofthese communities in the threedifferent types of green algalmasses was examined everyfortnight in two sheltered localities,using a quantification method thatinvolves the forced detachment ofthe organisms from a known weightof macroalgal mass, followed bycounting in sedimentationchambers. Differences in theabundance of epibenthic species inthe different types of substrateswere noted and may be useful fordirecting efforts for finding toxicspecies in other areas of thisextensive lagoon.PO.04-08An individual-based modelsimulates the effects of browntide on larval recruitment of hardclamsSession: PO.04 – Food chainsEileen E. Hofmann 1 , Eric N. Powell 2 , V.Monica Bricelj 3 , John M. Klinck 1 , JohnN. Kraeuter 21 Old Dominion University, NORFOLK,United States of America2 Haskin Shellfish Research laboratory, In,PORT NORRIS, United States of America3 Institute for Marine Biosciences, Nation,HALIFAX, CanadaExperimental data were used tomodify an individual-based modelthat simulates growth, development,and metamorphosis of hard clam,Mercenaria mercenaria, larvae toinclude the effects of brown tide(Aureococccus anophagefferens).The coupled model was applied topredict brown tide effects on clamlarvae in a USA estuary (GreatSouth Bay, New York) whereblooms of varying magnitude haveoccurred for 20 yrs coincident withthe period of clam spawning andlarval development. Initialsimulations showed thattemperature and food quantityvariations produce small changes inoverall larval survivorship, whereaschanges in food quality (especiallyreduced lipid content) have thelargest effect on larval survival.Simulations that include brown tideeffects show inhibition of M.mercenaria larval growth that isobserved in laboratory experimentswith a toxic A. anophagefferensstrain. When brown tide occurs over2 wks of development, followed by aperiod of no exposure, the modelpredicts considerably reducedpostlarval recruitment success. Thesimulated genetic structure of thepopulation shows that brown tideaffects the genotypic characteristicsof hard clam populations. Forexample, simulations show thatbrown tide exposure selects againstfast growing larvae derived fromlarge eggs that attain competencewithout the necessary lipid reservesto sustain metamorphosis.191
INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF HARMFUL ALGAE12 th <strong>International</strong> <strong>Conference</strong> on Harmful Algae, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4-8 September 2006PO.10-32Culture and ichthyotoxicity of thered tide dinoflagellate NoctilucascintillansSession: PO.10 - Ecophysiology &autecologyAK Holmes 1 , GM Hallegraeff 1 , SIBlackburn 21 University of Tasmania, HOBART,Australia2 CSIRO Marine and AtmosphericResearch, HOBART, AustraliaNoctiluca scintillans red tidefrequency and distribution hasincreased in Tasmanian waters,Australia since the first sighting in1994. This study maintained the firstAustralian Noctiluca culture for 8months during laboratoryexperimentation. Cultures were keptat 17 °C and 28 ‰ salinity tobalance Noctiluca grazing andgrowth of the dinoflagellate prey,Gymnodinium catenatum. Specificgrowth rate increased withtemperature from 0.24 at 12 °C to0.47 at 23 °C and decreased withincreasing salinity from 0.6 at 20 ‰to 0.33 at 30 ‰. Culture growthrates support field evidence offrequent summer coastal bloomsand survival of overwinteringestuarine seed populations.Field sampling investigated thepotential fish killing mechanismsassociated with surface slicks,which severely threatenedTasmanian aquaculture farms in2002. Red tides exhibited higher cellammonia (NH 3 ) concentration thanwater column populations. Red tidepopulations produced seawater NH 3levels fatal to salmon and liberateda high proportion of free fatty acidsin comparison to blooms.Polyunsaturated fatty acids includedeicosapentaenoic acid with a historyof toxicity and docosahexaenoicacid common to dinoflagellates.Saturated fatty acid eicosanoic acidwas identified as a potentialNoctiluca biomarker.PO.10-24Nutrient physiology ofProrocentrum donghaiense Lufrom Eastern China SeaSession: PO.10 - Ecophysiology &autecologyHua-Sheng Hong 1 , Lin Lin 1 , BangqinHuang 1 , Linjian Ou 1 , Leo Lai Chan 2 , TUZhang 1 , Da-Zhi Wang 11 Xiamen Univeristy, XIAMEN, China2 Hong Kong University, HONG KONG,ChinaThis study investigated nutrientrequirements, physiologicalresponse to nutrient variations andadapting strategy to low nutrients inProrocentrum donghaiense Lu, akey HAB species, which iswidespread in the East China Sea.Prorocentrum donghaiense is ableto utilize various inorganic andorganic nitrogen and phosphorussources as sole nitrogen andphosphor source for cell growth andbiosynthesis. Various enzymes playimportant roles in nutrient uptakeand assimilation. Comparativeprotein profiles of P. donghaienseunder nutrient replete and N or Plimited conditions indicate that cellsgrown under N limitation had morepotential to form blooms than Plimited cells. Several protein groupsrelated to nutrient status of cellswere identified, and some proteinscould be used as potential nutrientindicator. Time series of proteinprofiles of P. donghaiense underlong-term low nutrient growthconditions showed that someproteins remained relativelyconstant and played important rolesin maintaining P. donghaiensepopulation at low nutrientconditions. Our results indicated192
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INTERNATIONAL SOCIETYFOR THE STUDY
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Dear participantWelcome to Denmark
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12th International Conference on Harmful Algae

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