12th International Conference on Harmful Algae

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INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF HARMFUL ALGAE12 th <strong>International</strong> <strong>Conference</strong> on Harmful Algae, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4-8 September 2006vegetative population showed abimodal seasonal pattern – a largerbloom from spring to early summerand a smaller bloom from autumn toearly winter, although the cellconcentration in both blooms werenot high (maximum 1.9 x 10 3 and1.7 x 10 2 cells/L, respectively). Thesize of the vegetative population didnot correlate with that ofgermination but a larger populationwas often observed when the watertemperature was around 20 °C,indicating that bloom developmentis mainly controlled by thetemperature but not by thegermination. However, thecontinuous germination mode of A.catenella is advantageous for thevegetative cells to immediatelyexploit favorable conditions forblooming.PO.12-01First record of Ostreopsis spp. inEgyptian waters with adescription of O. mediterraneusn. sp.Session: PO.12 - Taxonomy and phylogenyPresentation time: 16:40 - 18:00AA Ismael 1 , Y Halim 21 Alexandria University, ALEXANDRIA,Egypt2 Oceanography Dept., ALEXANDRIA,EgyptA population of Ostreopsis spp. isreported for the first time fromEgyptian waters. Macroalgalsamples were collected monthlysince June 2005 from 5 differentsites along the Alexandria coastfrom less than 1.5m depth and theirassociated microalgae examined.Populations of two Ostreopsisspecies occurred along the easternsector of Alexandria: O. ovataFukuyo and O. mediterraneus n. sp.Ostreopsis mediterraneus n.sp. wasabundant and dominant duringsummer. It was more abundant onthe brown algae Padina sp. andSargassum sp., less abundant onthe red algae Corallina sp., Janiasp. and Laurencia sp. and even lessso on the green algae Ulva spp.Ostreopsis ovata was also foundduring summer months on the samealgal species but at much lowerabundance.Ostropsis mediterraneus n. sp.alternated in dominance with thebenthic cyanobacteria Oscillatoriaspp. and the diatom Licmophora sp.Other benthic dinoflagellatesrecorded at low abundance wereAmphidinium carterae,Gymnodinium sp. and Prorocentrumlima. Ostreopsis mediterraneussomewhat resembles O.caribbeanus but is easilydistinguished by its shape, smallersize and the shape of the diagnosticplates.PO.07-02Induced development of algalblooms using sewage enrichmentSession: PO.07 - Ecology andoceanographyWA Ismail 1 , FY Al-Yamani 1 , KS Al-Rifaie 1 , DV Subba Rao 21 Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research,KUWAIT, Kuwait2 Emeritus Scientist, Bedford Institute of,NOVA SCOTIA, CanadaGlobally, the frequency of red tideshas been on the increase. Some ofthe algal bloom incidences areattributed to urban pollution andeutrophication. This is true in thewaters off Kuwait where 18potentially harmful algal speciesexist. A perturbation experimentwas conducted, whichdemonstrated that naturalassemblages of phytoplankton fromthe Kuwait Bay environment couldbe stimulated and sustained to197
INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR THE STUDY OF HARMFUL ALGAE12 th <strong>International</strong> <strong>Conference</strong> on Harmful Algae, Copenhagen, Denmark, 4-8 September 2006bloom levels. High levels of algaldensity (up to 28.9 millionflagellates/l, 31.6 millionpicoplankters/l and 8.9 million otheralgal cells/l) were attained.Phytoplankton biomass measuredin terms of chlorophyll alsoresponded similarly. From thisstudy, it is evident that enrichmentwith sewage could inducedevelopment of algal blooms inmicrocosms. The magnitude of theblooms and their productioncharacteristics were high. Thepresence of a variety ofphytoplankton species in bloomdensities, particularly thedinoflagellates implicated intoxigenic episodes elsewhere, is amatter of concern anddemonstrated the existence of apotential for development oftoxigenic algal blooms off this coastdue to eutrophication.PO.08-01Verification of diarrhetic activitiesof PTX-2 and okadaic acid in vivoSession: PO.08 - ToxicologyEmiko ItoChiba University, CHIBA, JapanDiarrhetic activities of OA and PTX-2 were studied in mouse and rat byoral route.Stock solutions of OA and PTX2were prepared with 50 % ethanoland dimethylformamide and dilutedwith saline before use. At sublethaldoses, both toxins produced in micethe severest tissue injuries in thesmall intestine at 60 min and themaximum fluid accumulation at 90min. The recovery thereafter waswell and rapid. The minimumadverse effect doses for OA andPTX2 were estimated to be 75μg/kg and 400 μg/kg, respectively.Single administration of OA at 50μg/kg or PTX2 at 300 μg/kg did notcause fluid accumulation, however,by co-administration they hadsynergistic effect. The effects of thetwo toxins were discernible. TheOA-induced erosion wascharacterized by edema, whilevacuole formation at epithelial cellswas more prominent with PTX2. Incontrast to mice, rats were moretolerant to the toxins. Both OA andPTX2 diluted in saline causedintestinal fluid accumulation at 400μg/kg and over. Use of triolein-oil forOA dilution lowered the minimumeffective dose to 200 μg/kg and theuse of 2% lecithin-water lowered theminimum effective dose for PTX2 to300 μg/kg.PO.01-23Phylogenetic relationshipsbetween Cochlodiniumpolykrikoides populations fromJapanese and East Asian coastsSession: PO.01 - GeneticsMitsunori Iwataki 1 , Hisae Kawami 1 ,Kazumi Matsuoka 1 , Y Fukuyo 21 Nagasaki University, NAGASAKI, Japan2 Tokyo University, TOKYO; JapanThe unarmoured dinoflagellateCochlodinium polykrikoides isresponsible for recurrent massmortalities of fish in East andSoutheast Asian countries. InJapanese and Korean coastalwaters, blooms of this species occurevery summer. To distinguish thepopulations and their geographicaldistribution, SSU rDNA and partialLSU rDNA sequences of C.polykrikoides collected along thecoasts of Western Japan wereanalyzed and compared tosequences from Korea, Philippinesand Malaysia. In the phylogenetictree constructed by the gammaweighted neighbour-joining method,198
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12th International Conference on Harmful Algae

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