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REVUE DE PRESSE-PRESS REVIEW-BERHEVOKA ÇAPÊ-RlVISTA STAMPA-DENTRO DE LA PRENSA-BASlN ÖZETi Iran says there is no room for a Kurdish state in the region By Adnan Çaglayan Turkish Daily News TEHRAN/ANKARA- Iran sees no future for the independence- seeking Kurdish groups in tne region. 'There is no room for an independent Kurdish state in the region. Present borders are immutable," Iranian Deputy Foreign Minister Alaaddin Brujerdi said to a Turkish Daily News correspondent in Tehran. Brujerdi stress.ed that it was not possible to establish a Kurdish state in the region while the re~ional powers clearly objected to it. 'Nobody can claim that all the Kurdish groups m the region are seeking independence. We have to make thiS important point clear." Brujerdi said that the Kurdish problem was decades old and nothing has changed since it began. "Kurdish culture has to be preserved. Maintaining the present borders will help do this," he said. Brujerdi also said thàt Iran attached a great importance to the tripartite meetings between Syria, Turkey and Iran, within, the framework of the efforts aimed at finding solutions to the regional problems, such as the Kurdish issue. Iran never helped the PKK Alaaddin Brujerdi also stressed that Iran has never helped the PKK, "Iran has announced its stance toward the PKK several times. Iran has done its best to help Turkey in its efforts to overcome this problem," said Brujerdi. Complaining about the Turkish press reports aoainst Iran, he said; "We are fed up with den)'ing them but they are not fed up with writing those rumors. Several times they have writien about secret files. shocking reports, 'Friends of Özgür Gündem' gather today in London Turkish Daily News ANKARA- A major campaign in London tod.~y to protest attacks begins on the .Besides Lord pInter, speakers A.Vlbury and Ha~old I~ today's meeting pro-Kurdish and express Ozgür Gündem newspaper solidarity for press freedoms mclude !he European newspape~, Behcel representative of the A vsar; Frances in Turkey. fSouza, Director of the Article 19 press A number or individuals, including freedoms ~roup; Michael Ignatieff, a writer Harold Pinter and Lord Avebury, writer and oroadcastlr; Jacob Ecclestone, the chairman of the Parfiamentary Human De~uty General Secretary of the National Rights Group, have arranged a "public Union of Journalist, s (NUJ) and Mark meeting" at the University of London School of Oriental and African studies. Muller, a banister. .. The slogan of the gahering is "Defend The "friends ~f Ö~gür Gündem" cam- Ozgür Gündem and theright to freedom of palgn ~Im~ at fIghtIng ~or fr~edom of expression in Turkey." .expresslOn m Turkey and, m partIcular. for telephone numbers, etc., which were given to Iran by Turkey according to the Turkish press. So far, nobody has seen those files. Iran is doin~ nothing against Turkey and everyboay knows this, except the Turkish press." Moreover, Brujerdi maintained that there was no competition or power struggle between Turkey and Iran over Central Asia. "At the end of last year our first vice president, Dr. Hasan Habibi, paid a viSit to Turkey and sioned several cooperation accords with 'Turkey, such as the agreement regarding the linkaoe of IranIan and Turkish railways to those of Central Asia. We can be a partner but never a rival on this issue. Turco-Iranian relatio~s are in good shape and we have no senous problem. Iran has the political will to unprove all aspects of ItS relations with Turkey," Brujerdi said. th.e righ! o.f 9zg.ür Gündem to p~blish wIthout IntimidatIon. A statement Issued on behalf of the $roup organizing the campai~ appealed ror everyone to support it, notIng, "We believe this campaIgn will heIp save the lives of journalists and others who dare speak out against Turkish policy in Northwest Kurdistan." Observers noted that this reference, to Southeast Turkey, reflected the nature of the campaig~, which .is being supervised by the Ku~dlstan SocIety and the SOAS Students UnIon, both suspected of being affiliated with the outlawed Kurdistan Worker's Party WKK): At least 11,000 people have been kIlled In the PKK's violent armed campaign in South~a~t. Turkey, including more. tnan.I \300 cI~llIans - mostly 'Of KurdIsh ongIn - killed in PKK attacks over the past year. Turkey says over 250 terrorists were killed in January Reuters ANKARA- Turki~~ troo~s ~illed. ~54 separatist Kurdish milItants III Illtens!fled offensives in January this year, over three times the combined total for the same month in the last four years, a government official said. Rough terrain and harsh weather usually force a lull in winter fighting, but this year ha' \cen a military drive heat \Ir a\ Il'(',h troops movc in. b~cked ~y air strikes on bases in the mountaInS and III Iraq. "The interior minister told today's cabinet meetino that 254 terrorists had been killed in '" January," spokesman Yildirim Aktuna said. "The total dead for the Januarys of 1990, 91, 92 and 93 is just 78," he said. . . He said the increased toll showed the oovernment's determination in its IO-year battle against the separatist Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) in southeast Turkey. Prime MinIster Tansu Ciller has vowed to get tough against the PKK, saying the rebels will be crushed this year. Last month the Turkish air force mounted its biggest attack against the PKK when it bombed Zaleh camp 110 km (70 miles) into Iraq near the Iran-Iraq border. A week later it launched a second major raid when it attacked two separate border regions. Taking advantage 01 a power va.cuum in northern Iraq, the PKK :las earned out cross-border raids on Turkish villages and military targets from hideouts in the region since the 1991 Gulf War: ~n.the past Turkey has retaliated, but n.ot lnIt!ated fightmg as it has increasingly slilce Çlller came to,power in June. More than 10,600 militants, soldiers and civilians have been killed since the PKK launched ils separatist fight in 1984. 167
REVUE DE PRESSE-PRESS REVIEW-BERHEVOKA ÇAPÊ-RWISTA STAMPA-DENTRO DE LA PRENSA-BASIN ÖZETi turkish daily IH'WS - Fehnlar' I/I.. )()t)IJ . .Ramadan, Newroz, the election triangle and Cizre in southeastern Anatolia elections. Observers point out what the PKK Turkey will enter into an important phase in. Marc~. The !mport~nt period that will do is not certain, but suspect that it will begins with the Ramadan Feast of the MuslIms, wIll contmue wIth the Newroz attack polling booths at which the armed Feast of the Kurds and will finally end with the March 27 local elections which forces will cast their votes in order to ensure Th th1i . 1 ak 1 that the government does not have the will effect both the Kurds and the Turks. ese ee Important events wil tep ace chance to change the election results. One within one week of each other. The widespread belief held by the public is that the local fact is that the PKK has forbidden all politielections will not be held in a complete. safe enl'ironment. There are reports already cal parties from taking part in the elections. which predict that both the state and the outlawed Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) wi11 All parties except the Welfare Party (RP) exert pressure on each other during the elections. The first example of such pressure. and the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP) was experienced in Cizre. Cizre is a district that is mostly influenced by the PKK and have obeyed this order. For this reason parfor this reason the state is attaching special importance to this district and taking similar ties are having difficulty in finding and measures ill other settlements. The most obvious element of such measures is that sub- endorsing mayoral candidates in the region urbs are beinu evacuated and village guards are being seftled there. The communities as the candidaies will be the fIrst targets. which are for~ed out of their settlements during these operations are also missing out on Cizre is a battlefield their opportunity to vote. It is reported that about 1.5 million people in south and south- As the date for the local elections draws eastern Anatolia are being forced to migrate. closer, the fighting in Cizre, a district of .By Sinan YI maz Everybody in the region is curious about the Sirnak province, between the security forces and the PKK militants intensifIes. As armed Turkish Daily News PKK's attitude toward the local elections. conflicts are taking place almost everyday, AN KARA- The excitement and the tension of the March 27 local elections have The PKK has not expressed any opinions about the elections as yet. There are reports the inhabitants forced to flee. of the region are being already begun. In the western part of the that it will make a statement on Feh. 15 There are reports which claim that up to country, almost all parties' canôidates are about the local elections. It is feared that if 2,000 families have left the district as a being announced and election campaigns have started. However, there is nobody in the PKK calls for non-participation in the local elections, there will be a reduction in result of pressure from the security forces. Some are going back to the villages they south ànd southeastern Anatolia who has the number of votes in the region and the came from while others are foing to Adana, announced his or her candidature for the PKK will use this as a referendum to argue Mardin, Iskenderun and stanbul. Also mayoral elections as yet. With the exception of one or two; almost every candidate's its case. This has proven to be the least favored among guards the reports are being is the claim that village settled in the dwellings name is being kept secret. Following the option so far: DEP leader Hatip Dicle's vacated by the villagers. The governme~t outlawed Kurôistan Workers' Party's boy- remark: "We may reach a ¥sto~~ decision wants the chief villag~ guard and RP candlcott, the political parties are keeping the and riot take part lU the electIOns IS one ele- date Kamil Atak to be elected as the mayor names of !heir candidates secret for security ment that adds weight to this theory. One for Cizre. . reasons. The pro-Kurdish Democracy Party other possible outcome is that the PKK. The other issue is that those villagers who (DEP) is also reluctant to announce Its can- regards the results of an election which it leave their villages will be unable to vote didates for fear of reprisals. has boycotted to be to its advantage. In because they are not on the voting reg!sters The other cornmon element among the short, the PKK will try in any case to use of the cities they move to. One other mterparties is that they all feel thatthe March' the election results as its referendum. esting thing is that the village guards who elections will not be held in a safe environ- Almost everybody seems to agree that the move into the empty houses will not be able ment. The source of this suspicion is the results of the local elections will be in the to vote either. It would not be an exaggeraprediction that both the government and the PKK will'apply pressure on each other dur- PKK's favor. The PKK is aiming to win at least 200 local government posts in the . tion to say though that village guards who are not on the electoral roll will be made to ing the elections. . . Southeast. As the PKK makes these caIcu- vote. This would be regarded as an act of 1t is riecessary to point out though that the' communities living in this region do not lations, the government is making preparations to ensure that the elections take place. . interferencein authorities. the election process by the want such pressure or election nggin~. Both As a result of amendménts made earlier, The reason for the security forces seem impossible to avoid. For one thing, the members of the Armed Forces will be able labelling Cizre as a ~pe.cial.zone .is that government is afraid that the PKK will sup- to vote at the local elections with their Cizre is one of the dlstncts lU which the port the Democracy Party's mayoral candi- weapons in their hands. Certain sections of PKK is very effeCtive. The number of peoôates and use the election as a referendum to bring them onto the international political the community are critical of this ~ecision, saying the shadow of weapons Will be on pIe living in the surrounding villages, CizTe and the Sirnak province is said to be around platform to argue for the Kurdish cause. the ballot boxes, but the government author- 100,000 (including the ones who have The other worry is that the PKK will ities say that this measure is necessary for moved out) even though the population in argue that the election results are invalid security reasons, As a precautionary mea- the' areahasdecreased in the past one-and.a~ because of the pressure the government has sure, the authorities say, the ballot boxes half months due to the large numbers of exerted on the candidates of the Democracy will be taken by helicopter to a safe place people leaving the area, The fact that village Party and will again try to use thisas ammu- for counting. Recent newspayer reports say guards are assisting the security forces III nition against Turkey at the international that some 150,000 additiona soldiers have exerting pressure on the villages means that level and boycott the election results. been sent to the region in preparation for the there is a contradiction. The village guards 168
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