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den oluşmakta ve iki telli anlamına gelmektedir Benzerleri<br />

Sibirya’daki Altay Cumhuriyeti’nde “ikili”, Hakasya Cumhuriyeti’nde<br />

“ıkh, ıyık”, Orta Asya Türklerinde ise “kobuz,<br />

ağız kobızı” adlarıyla bilinir. Boğaz havaları Teke yöresinin<br />

en ilginç ezgilerinin başında gelir. Hayvancılığa ve çobanlığa<br />

bağlı hayat tarzına özgüdür. Diğer Türk bölgelerinde<br />

olduğu gibi insan sesi ve çalgılarla yapılmaktadır. Kaval,<br />

üç telli cura ve kemik düdük gibi enstrümanlarla çalındığı<br />

gözlemlenir. Boğaz havalarının günümüze ulaşabilmeleri<br />

ise daha çok bağlama çalanlar olmak üzere sipsi, kemane,<br />

kaval gibi sazlara insan sesinden aktarılmaları neticesinde<br />

olmuştur. Boğaz havalarının çıkışı ve ismi ile ilgili çeşitli<br />

görüşler mevcuttur. Bunlardan en çok kabul edilen görüş,<br />

boğaz havalarının hayvancılık yapan ve kaval çalmayı bilmeyen<br />

kız çobanların hayvanları gütmek için kavalı taklit<br />

ederek ortaya çıkardıkları görüşüdür. Boğaz havalarının<br />

çoğunlukla kız çobanlar tarafından yapılması da bu görüşü<br />

destekler. Diğer yandan boğaz havalarını guguk kuşunun<br />

sesinin taklit edilerek ortaya çıkmış olduğu da düşünülür.<br />

Guguk kuşu, Yörükler için özel bir öneme sahiptir;<br />

göç zamanının geldiğini haber verir. Bu sebeple “mutluluk<br />

verici ve uğurlu” sayılmaktadır. Dolayısıyla “boğaz havaları”<br />

veya “boğaz çalma” mitolojik dönmelerden itibaren<br />

Türklerin tabiatla bütünleşmelerini ifade eden ve bunun<br />

ezgi-söz bütünleşmesiyle ortaya çıkan, tarih boyunca süregelen<br />

<strong>ortak</strong> örneklemelerinden biridir.<br />

Sazın ve sözün bütünleştiği türkü söyleme geleneği içinde<br />

Asia, it is understood that every Türkü has significant functions in<br />

social, political, religious and cultural life. Thaty is to say, Türküs<br />

are the identity card of the Turks.<br />

The researchers have assorted türküs with different classification.<br />

They put forwrad such classifications according to their contents,<br />

melodies, tones, or, “uzun hava, bozlak, kırık hava, gurbet havası,<br />

bayatı, deyiş” that are sometimes handling the same theme some<br />

times different. All of these classifications, along with having facility<br />

with respect to the teheme, The name türkü has gained value and<br />

meaning as an upper identity in which melody and lyric have been<br />

integrated . Each Türkü is thought to precious and meaningful in<br />

its own context. Whatever the name and form, the most important<br />

characteristic of the Türküs is being peculiar to the community that<br />

they originate from and a widespread and dominant output of the<br />

Turkish common music culture.<br />

Boğaz Havaları (throat tune) / boğaz gaydası (throat gayda) is<br />

the one of the most prominent examples that bringing out this feature.<br />

Throat tunes, that extensively seen in Turkmenistan, among<br />

Kipchak Turks, in Altay-Sayan regions which are known as Turks’<br />

oldest dormitories, appears with the same features in Western Anatolia,<br />

Teke region in Burdur, Denizli, Antalya and Isparta regions.<br />

In the Tuva region of northern Altay, accompaniment music instrument<br />

of throat tunes that one of the most important form of<br />

traditional music is composed of the words “igil, iki ve khıl” and<br />

means “double stringed”. Similar samples are known in the Altay<br />

Republic of Siberia as “ikili”, in Khakassia Republic as “ıkh, ışık”,<br />

and among Central Asian Turks as “kobuz, ortoyebob”. The throat<br />

tunes are among the most interesting melodies of the Teke region. It<br />

is unique to life style founded upon livestock and shepherding. It is<br />

rendered with human voice and instruments as it is in other Turkish<br />

regions. It is observed to be performed with instruments such<br />

as Kaval, three-strined cura and bone-pipe. The extant of throtat<br />

tunes has eventuated as a result of the transmission of human<br />

voice to to the sipsi, kemane, kaval, and other instruments, mostly<br />

by bağlama player. There are various opinions about the birth of<br />

throat tunes and the name. The most widely accepted view is that<br />

female shepherds who do not know how to play kaval have rendered<br />

by imitating kaval to feed animals. The fact that the throat<br />

tunes are mostly composed by female shepherds also supports this<br />

view. On the other hand, throat tunes are thought to come into<br />

existence as a result of imitating the voice of a cuckoo. The cuckoo<br />

bird has a special consideration for Yörüks (nomads); It heralds the<br />

forthcoming migration. For this reason, it is acknowledged as “happiness<br />

and auspicious”. Consequently, throat tunes has been one of<br />

the common samples that expressing the integration of the Turks<br />

into nature from mythological turns and being the result of the integration<br />

of melody-lyrica and that have been going on for ages.<br />

In the tradition of singing folk songs integrated with instrument<br />

and lyric, “Barak havaları (melodies), bozlak havaları (melodies),<br />

Music<br />

129<br />

Müzik

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