The Genre of Trolls - Doria

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Siikala, Anna-Leena 2000b: Variation and Genre as Practice. Strategies for Reproducing Oral History of the Southern Cook Islands. Thick Corpus, Organic Variation and Textuality in Oral Tradition ed. by Lauri Honko. Finnish Literature Society, Helsinki. (Studia Fennica Folkloristica 7.) Siikala, Anna-Leena 2002: Mythic Images and Shamanism. A Perspective on Kalevala Poetry. Academia Scientiarum Fennica, Helsinki. (FF Communications 280.) Simonsen, Michèle 1995: Om skämtsagor, skrönor och lögnhistorier. Sagorna finns överallt. Perspektiv på folksagan i samhället ed. by Gun Herranen. Carlsson Bokförlag & Nordiskt institut för folkdiktning, Stockholm. (NIF Publications 28.) Skjelbred, Ann Helene Bolstad 1998: Fortellinger om huldra – fortellinger om oss. Tano Aschehoug, Oslo. Smith, Anne-Marie 1998: Julia Kristeva. Speaking the Unspeakable. Pluto Press, London & Sterling, Virginia. (Modern European Thinkers.) Stark-Arola, Laura 1998: Magic, Body and Social Order. The Construction of Gender Through Women's Private Rituals in Traditional Finland. Finnish Literature Society, Helsinki. (Studia Fennica Folkloristica 5.) Stark, Laura 2002: Peasants, Pilgrims and Sacred Promises. Ritual and the Supernatural in Orthodox Karelian Folk Religion. Finnish Literature Society, Helsinki. (Studia Fennica Folkloristica 11.) Stattin, Jochum 1992: Näcken. Spelman eller gränsvakt? Carlsson Bokförlag, Stockholm. (Skrifter utgivna av Etnologiska sällskapet i Lund 14.) Steinby, Torsten 1985: Forskning och vitterhet 1. Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland, Helsingfors. (Skrifter utgivna av Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland 523:1.) Stewart, Susan 1979: Nonsense. Aspects of Intertextuality in Folklore and Literature. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore & London. Swahn, Jan-Öjvind 1984: Råttor och möss i svenskspråkiga sagor och sägner. Några reflektioner om sagorna och verkligheten. Budkavlen 63. Swahn, Jan-Öjvind & Lundwall, Bo 1984: Trollen, deras liv, land och legender. BonnierFakta, Stockholm. Swahn, Jan-Öjvind 1995: Troll. Nationalencyklopedin 18. Bokförlaget Bra Böcker, Höganäs. Sydow, Carl Wilhelm von 1971a: Om folkets sägner. Folkdikt och folktro ed. by Anna Birgitta Rooth. Gleerups, Lund. Sydow, Carl Wilhelm von 1971b: Om folksagorna. Folkdikt och folktro ed. by Anna Birgitta Rooth. Gleerups, Lund. Sydow, Carl Wilhelm von 1971c: Prosa-folkdiktningens kategorier. Folkdikt och 298 Abbreviations and Bibliography
folktro ed. by Anna Birgitta Rooth. Gleerups, Lund. Talve, Ilmar 1997: Finnish Folk Culture tr. by Susan Sinisalo. Finnish Literature Society, Helsinki. (Studia Fennica Ethnologica 4.) Tangherlini, Timothy R. 1998: Barter and Games. Arv, Nordic Yearbook of Folklore 54. Tarkka, Lotte 1993: Intertextuality, Rhetorics and the Interpretation of Oral Poetry. The Case of Archived Orality. Nordic Frontiers. Recent Issues in the Study of Modern Traditional Culture in the Nordic Countries ed. by Pertti J. Anttonen & Reimund Kvideland. Nordic Institute of Folklore, Turku. (NIF Publications 27.) Tarkka, Lotte 1994: Other Worlds – Symbolism, Dialogue and Gender in Karelian Oral Poetry. Songs Beyond the Kalevala ed. by Anna-Leena Siikala & Sinikka Vakimo. Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, Helsinki. (Studia Fennica Folkloristica 2.) Tarkka, Lotte 1998a: Natalist’ on nakru tehty – nauru ja lempi vienankarjalaisessa mieronvirressä. Amor, Genus & Familia ed. by Jyrki Pöysä & Anna-Leena Siikala. Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, Helsinki. (Tietolipas 158.) Tarkka, Lotte 1998b: Sense of the Forest: Nature and Gender in Karelian Oral Poetry. Gender and Folklore. Perspectives on Finnish and Karelian Culture ed. by Satu Apo, Aili Nenola & Laura Stark-Arola. Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, Helsinki. (Studia Fennica Folkloristica 4.) Taylor, Lawrence J. 1990: Stories of Power, Powerful Stories: The Drunken Priest in Donegal. Religious Orthodoxy and Popular Faith in European Society ed. by Ellen Badone. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey. Thurman, Janne 1891: Några hednaminnen i pargasbons folkdiktning. Kalender utgifven af Svenska folkskolans vänner 1891. Svenska folkskolans vänner, Helsingfors. Tiililä, Osmo 1961: Rukoilevaisten kirjoja. Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, Helsinki. (Suomalaisen kirjallisuuden seuran toimituksia 270.) Tillhagen, Carl-Herman 1977: Folklig läkekonst. LTs förlag, Stockholm. Tillhagen, Carl-Herman 1983: Barnet i folktron. LTs förlag, Stockholm. Vasenkari, Maria 1999: A Dialogical Notion of Field Research. Arv, Nordic Yearbook of Folklore 55. Vasenkari, Maria & Pekkala, Armi 2000: Dialogic Methodology. Thick Corpus, Organic Variation and Textuality in Oral Tradition ed. by Lauri Honko. Finnish Literature Society, Helsinki. (Studia Fennica Folkloristica 7.) Velure, Magne 1976: Hovuddrag i nordisk folketruforskning 1850–1975. Fataburen. Nordiska museets och Skansens årsbok 1976. 299
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THE GENRE OF TROLLS
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THE GENRE OF TROLLS The Case of a F
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PREFACE I have greatly enjoyed writ
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colleagues to obtain much of my res
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface vii 1 Int
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6.4 Novelization 248 6.5 Integratin
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well. Finally, “3.4 Breaking the
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conception of the troll. 1 The obje
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the tension and interplay between t
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are the same as those of the concep
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the practice of changing babies; he
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orientation of the speaker to the r
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and vivid, while the troll in fairy
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Holbek broaches a subject that will
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make a similar, more extended and s
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such as trolls, jötnar and other b
Page 38 and 39:
one other text can be read (Kristev
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vocabulary of intertextual theory,
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forest—which are connected by met
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various formulations of a theme hav
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constitutes an intertextual network
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of them are not even texts, they ma
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Lotte Tarkka implicitly modelled he
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Laura Stark-Arola’s account of th
Page 54 and 55:
disparate material constituted by t
Page 56 and 57:
so Barthes claims. Nevertheless, Ba
Page 58 and 59:
1.5 Method The choice of material h
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in stories of the supernatural has
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2 MATERIAL AND CONTEXT 2.1 General
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Rancken tried to entice his pupils
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made in the parish of Vörå. One g
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collection was entrusted to kompete
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narrator’s train of thoughts cann
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56 Vöråbon är förbehållsam, re
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58 Vid antecknandet af traditionen
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entitled “En jägares äfventyr
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the verge of a civil war, he travel
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64 och således misstron mot främl
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There are four narratives in these
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Edvard Wefvar, who collected in Nyl
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70 pärlor, värda att hopsamlas oc
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villages: the villages of Rejpelt,
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331; Åkerblom 1963: 301); as menti
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2.3.2 Religious context One of my p
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started giving Bible classes in the
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e made in this context; firstly, th
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for shorter periods. He represented
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in Russia is said to presage the ou
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3 DESCRIPTION OF THE TROLL TRADITIO
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conducive to an encounter with trol
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28, 12). As Inger Lövkrona has poi
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In one story, the troll comes to th
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the unhappy troll to its present ha
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with their beautiful singing and po
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An old troll sports a wand possessi
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to intrude on the wedding and save
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when he was allowed to go to church
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104 do it. Butterbelly was going to
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3.3.2 Tension-Filled Tolerance Man
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on similar motifs as an expression
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110 Jag har av gammalt folk hört e
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which the father of the child is so
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the impertinence of its human frien
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true to its word. The troll will sa
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to return to his cows. The shepherd
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Some texts merely comment on the di
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is complete when the man and his wa
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sacred text, which belongs to the c
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1887, 19), and a lion must dance th
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128 Later when the troll was away,
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children or banishing trolls from t
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y Bolstad Skjelbred, and she regard
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After drinking the water of the oth
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etween the sexes and age groups. Th
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destinataire (ou du personnage), du
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inherent in the text relieves these
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word or phrase employed instead of
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144 1) Bergtrollen sägas gärna lo
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pronounces the benediction. In this
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Little Maja refuses to confess her
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unaware of the hardships constituti
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The theme of vanity recurs here, bu
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The image of blindness, concrete in
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156 Så war uti Damasco en lärjung
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158 13) in ánnan påjk råka två
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to the everyday world in the manner
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162 Wår egen kraft är här för s
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The everyday world - application of
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marked. It is a reversion of Saul
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168 guldur. Då husbonden såg penn
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The primeval apple mingles with the
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his father-in-law against him, Jaco
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And when he had spent all, there ar
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176 öfwer henne. Då talade Cain m
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28) Öppna mig förståndets öga,
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of a paradisical state on earth (te
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182 Later on two Thursday mornings
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ather the other way around; on this
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other girls are simply too virtuous
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the intertwining of various interte
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Who had his dwelling among the tomb
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192 10) In those days when there we
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194 spin the hat and ask: ‘Isn’
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196 will stop and pee at the same t
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And the princes, governors, and cap
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And when she hath found it, she cal
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202 19) Jungfru Lena satt på Kelle
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20) Then cometh he to a city in Sam
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And he denied it again. And a littl
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considerable power over his parishi
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y regulated practices (senses two a
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this reluctance demonstrates that d
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same was suggested in the case of t
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epresentation, embodied in the imag
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6 GENRE, PARODY, CHRONOTOPES AND NO
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ounded texts with strong social and
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gap, minimization and maximization,
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of many tales (Propp 1970: 99), and
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defies the traditional wisdom artic
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228 2) Little Matt Once a workingma
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was married to the eldest and after
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world. His friends are deceitful, h
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indicates that the material used in
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discourse she is an equally enthral
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238 svar éli se dem. tå an ha gai
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240 rummet, stodo utmed dörren ett
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242 under the bed. The boy was look
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listener’s or reader’s expectat
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synchronous (cf. Bakhtin 1986b: 28,
Page 264 and 265: that he has subverted the ethical f
Page 266 and 267: stressed in his early works (Bakhti
Page 268 and 269: collectors, and maybe of his local
Page 270 and 271: the anxieties of the latter, even t
Page 272 and 273: In this theory of aesthetic activit
Page 274 and 275: Here Bakhtin describes perception i
Page 276 and 277: Bakhtin, the gift of form requires
Page 278 and 279: all the lies and silences passing b
Page 280 and 281: creation of aesthetic love. Firstly
Page 282 and 283: When the troll arrives to extend th
Page 284 and 285: its chosen form exacerbates its unf
Page 286 and 287: 270 den så grann?” - “Nå, nä
Page 288 and 289: ecause death seldom furnishes a fin
Page 290 and 291: 7.4 Aborted Dialogues A rather spec
Page 292 and 293: ization and unfinalizability co-exi
Page 294 and 295: absolutely necessary ingredient. Ob
Page 296 and 297: 8 DISCUSSION In this dissertation I
Page 298 and 299: mentalities; in spite of the social
Page 300 and 301: exhibited the Bakhtinian form of di
Page 302 and 303: 9 ABBREVIATIONS AND BIBLIOGRAPHY AT
Page 304 and 305: Bakhtin, M. M. 1993: Toward a Philo
Page 306 and 307: Dentith, Simon 1995: Bakhtinian Tho
Page 308 and 309: Hartmann, Elisabeth 1936: Die Troll
Page 310 and 311: Hymes, Dell 1989: Ways of Speaking.
Page 312 and 313: Mills, Sara 2002: Discourse. Routle
Page 316 and 317: Vice, Sue 1997: Introducing Bakhtin
Page 318 and 319: R II 131: Löpargossen och hans kat
Page 320 and 321: 3) Tsjittargrå He va’ ejngang e
Page 322 and 323: yet”, the bear answered. When the
Page 324 and 325: i sama unjiform, som ’an va i, to
Page 326 and 327: 10) The Three Suitors Once upon a t
Page 328 and 329: Kaptejnin fréga’ to, om dem int
Page 330 and 331: the midnight sun. Her husband didn
Page 332 and 333: 5) Vanligtvis hålla sig trollen i
Page 334 and 335: gick tå å sa åt bondn, hä a sku
Page 336 and 337: Eve and come there among the trolls
Page 338 and 339: Fig. 2. The banishment of Adam and
Page 340 and 341: Fig. 4. The Prodigal Son (Luke 15:2
Page 342 and 343: Fig. 6. Peter denies Christ (Luke 2
Page 344: Fig. 8. The conversion of Paul on t
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