B2B Integration : A Practical Guide to Collaborative E-commerce

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Extensible Markup Language (XML) 175 • Effective use of Internet — XML effectively uses the Internet to transfer the messages securely; whereas most of the EDI message flow occurs through expensive VANs. 6.5. XSL — Extensible Stylesheet Language In order to display XML documents, it is necessary to have a mechanism to describe how the document should be displayed. One of the commonly used presentation technologies is Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) used by HTML, but XSL (Extensible Stylesheet Language), the preferred style sheet language of XML, is far more sophisticated than CSS. XSL is a language that can transform XML into multiple formats, a language that can filter, format and sort XML data and a language that uses XML as its syntax. Currently, XSL is used primarily to transform XML semantics into a display format like HTML that can be viewed through Web browsers. However, XSL provides a wide variety of presentation layers for a single XML document. An XSL style sheet contains instructions as to how to pull out information from the XML document and transform it into another format, such as HTML or PDF file. The transformation of XML into other formats is done in a declarative way rather than the conventional scripting way, which makes it much easier to understand and maintain. The browsers and devices such as PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants) and cell phones each have a unique display format. A single XML document can be presented on all these different presentation devices by using XSL. An XSL processor, either on the client or server, can transform XML data into the appropriate format, thereby completely decoupling the business layer with the presentation layer. This separation is the key to building any flexible and extensible application. An XSL processor can have output in multiple formats taking XML and style sheets (DTDs, schemas) as the inputs (see Figure 6.3). XSL consists of the following three parts: • XML Vocabulary — It describes the formatting objects portion of XSL. The process of formatting is performed by the formatter. The formatter may simply be a rendering engine inside a browser. Formatting objects can be inserted into a result tree created by
176 B2B Integration — A Practical Guide to Collaborative E-commerce XML Document 1 XSL Stylesheets 1 1 • XSLPi ocessoi' I 1 HTML/ Cascading! Style Sheets J Postscript/ PDF Speech Figure 6.3. — A typical XSL processor " | Others 1 another part of XSL, called XSLT, or XSL Transformations. Readers can get the most current working draft at http://www.w3.org/TR/xsl/. • XSL Transformations — This is a markup vocabulary which describes the transformation part of XSL. The input in this part is an XML document (source document) and the output is a result tree based on a series of filters and patterns that have been included within the style sheet. Readers can get the most current working draft at http://www.w3.org/TR/xslt. • The XML Path Language (XPath) — This is a language for addressing parts of an XML document, designed to be used by both XSLT and Xpointer. XSLT uses this language to describe the expressions and location paths that allow us to create expressions to manage the selection of nodes for more advanced XSL transformations. Readers can get the most current working draft at http://www.w3.org/ TR/xpath. Example of an XSL document: Order Example
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Chapter 2 Components, Benefits, Cha
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Chapter 4 Enterprise Application In
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Chapter Q Integration Brokers The f
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Chapter "] 2 Wireless Technologies
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Company Brience Everypath GadgetSpa
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Chapter "] 5 E-Marketplaces and Col
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B2B Integration : A Practical Guide to Collaborative E-commerce

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