Program - Society of Toxicology

44 th Annual Meeting
and ToxExpo
Program Description
TUESDAY
Tuesday Afternoon, March 8
1:30 PM to 4:30 PM
Room RO8
SYMPOSIUM SESSION: UPDATE ON MECHANISMS FOR
ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE-INDUCED HEALTH
EFFECTS
Chairperson(s): Chris A. Pritsos, University of Nevada, Reno, NV and Kevin
E. Pinkerton, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA.
Endorsed by:
Occupational and Public Health SS
Risk Assessment SS
Epidemiological evidence has demonstrated an association between exposure to
environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and disease. Diseases associated with ETS
exposure include a variety of cancers, cardiovascular disease, COPD, asthma
and a number of perinatal manifestations, to name a few. While many of these
exposure/disease associations are strong, the mechanism(s) by which ETS exposure
influences the etiology of these diseases remains unclear. There are a great
number of confounding factors which make ascribing any ETS-induced mechanism
for disease difficult. Included amongst these factors is the immense
complexity of the substituents which make up ETS. ETS is comprised of both a
vapor phase and particulate phase with over 4000 chemicals identified to date.
One must not only consider the effect of individual compounds but must also
consider potential synergism between compounds. Another factor which needs
to be considered is the fact that exposure to tobacco smoke compounds is
substantially less than for smokers, due to dilution of the smoke. Chemical reactivity
or “aging” of the ETS components can also modify their chemical nature.
Also, an individual’s susceptibility to the harmful effects of ETS exposure can
be greatly influenced by their genetic makeup. While quite complex, certain
mechanistic themes are beginning to emerge as characteristic of ETS’s association
with these diseases. The speakers will provide recent advances in our
understanding of the mechanisms by which ETS can influence the etiology of
these diseases and provide a linkage between the epidemiological and biochemical/pathophysiological
bases of disease. The symposium will have two
presentations each dealing with: ETS and cardiovascular disease, ETS and
cancer and ETS and respiratory diseases.
#1008 1:30 UPDATE ON MECHANISMS FOR
ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE-
INDUCED HEALTH EFFECTS. C. A. Pritsos 1 and
K. E. Pinkerton 2 . 1 Nutrition, University of Nevada,
Reno, NV and 2 Center for Health and the Environment,
University of California, Davis, CA.
#1009 1:35 IMPACT OF WORKPLACE ETS EXPOSURE ON
RISK FACTORS FOR CORONARY HEART
DISEASE. C. A. Pritsos 1 , G. R. Cutter 2 , S. St. Jeor 3 , J.
A. Ashley 1 , S. Perumean-Chaney 2 , S. Clodfelter 1 , J. E.
Woodrow 1 , A. C. Collier 1 , L. D. Bowen 1 , N. J. Martin 1
and K. L. Pritsos 1 . 1 Nutrition, University of Nevada,
Reno, NV, 2 Biostatistics, University of Alabama,
Birmingham, Birmingham, AL and 3 Internal Medicine,
University of Nevada, Reno, NV.
#1010 2:00 IMPACT OF PRENATAL CARDIOVASCULAR
DISEASE RISK FACTOR EXPOSURE ON
MITOCHONDRIAL DAMAGE AND ADULT
HEART DISEASE DEVELOPMENT. S. W.
Ballinger 1 , Z. Yang 1 and A. Penn 2 . 1 Pathology,
University Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
and 2 Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University,
Baton Rouge, LA.
#1011 2:30 IMMUNOLOGIC DETECTION OF
CARCINOGEN-DNA AND PROTEIN ADDUCTS.
R. M. Santella. Environmental Health Sciences,
Columbia University, New York.
#1012 3:00 ETS IMPACT ON ALLERGIC AIRWAYS
RESPONSES TO ANTIGEN. A. penn 1 , D. Paulsen 2
and D. Horohov 3 . 1 CBS, LSU Vet.Med., Baton Rouge,
LA, 2 PBS, LSU Vet.Med., Baton Rouge, LA and 3 Vet.
Sciences., University of KY, Lexington, KY.
#1013 3:30 GESTATIONAL STAGE-SPECIFIC ETS-
INDUCED OXIDATIVE DNA DAMAGE. L. M.
Anderson 1 , A. Maciag 1 , I. Espiritu 2 , A. Bialkowska 1 , K.
Kasprzak 1 and H. Witschi 2 . 1 Lab. Comparative
Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Inst., Frederick, MD
and 2 Center for Health and the Environment, University
of California, Davis, CA.
#1014 4:00 EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO
SMOKE ON CYTOKINES AND
NEUROTROPHINS IN THE NEONATAL LUNG.
K. E. Pinkerton, J. P. Joad and M. Yu. Center for Health
and the Environment, University of California, Davis,
CA.
Abstract 1015 is located on page 150.
Tuesday Afternoon, March 8
1:30 PM to 4:30 PM
Room 220
WORKSHOP SESSION: CURRENT AND FUTURE SCIENCE-BASED
APPROACHES TO DRUG SAFETY EVALUATION: AN ASSESSMENT
OF POTENTIAL CANCER RISK
Chairperson(s): Martha M. Moore, U.S. FDA, Jefferson, AR and David
Jacobson-Kram, U.S. FDA, Rockville, MD.
Endorsed by:
Carcinogenesis SS*
Regulatory and Safety Evaluation SS
Risk Assessment SS
Student Advisory Committee
Currently the preclinical safety evaluation of pharmaceuticals for potential
cancer risk includes the application of genetic toxicology assays and the rodent
cancer bioassay. While data from rodent carcinogenicity studies are generally
available prior to marketing approval, data from short-term studies is used to
assess cancer risk during the drug development phases. Although this has generally
been a successful approach there is wide discussion as to the appropriate
role of the genetic toxicology assays and the possibility that other assays such as
the Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) test and the shorter term transgenic cancer
bioassays (Trp53 and rasH2) might be useful. The emerging “omics” technologies
provide for possible new and improved approaches to understanding
whether new drugs might cause an increased cancer risk. In addition, both
present and future technologies have the potential to be applied within the
context of the clinical trials. This session will provide a forum to discuss these
issues. The first speaker will provide an overview of the current approaches and
issues relevant to preclinical drug safety assessment. Additional speakers will
discuss the current thinking on the use of genetic toxicology assays, the SHE
assay and the transgenic cancer bioassays. The last two speakers will consider
both the present and potential future applications of “omic” technologies and
our ability to utilize individuals in clinical trials to provide a better assessment
of the potential human cancer risk from pharmaceutical drugs.
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SOT’s 44 th Annual Meeting