Program - Society of Toxicology

44 th Annual Meeting
and ToxExpo
Program Description
MONDAY
Monday Afternoon, March 7
1:30 PM to 4:30 PM
Room RO4
SYMPOSIUM SESSION: THE MULTI-SITE AMBIENT PARTICLE
STUDY (MAPS): AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO STUDYING
HEALTH EFFECTS OF PM COMPONENTS
Chairperson(s): Robert Devlin, National Health and Environmental Effects
Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC and Terry Gordon, New
York University, Tuxedo, NY.
Endorsed by:
Inhalation SS*
Occupational and Public Health SS
The World Health Organization estimates that particulate air pollution (PM) is
responsible for more than 500, 000 deaths worldwide each year. A large number
of epidemiology studies have associated PM mass with increased mortality, and
the EPA currently regulates PM on the basis of mass in different size ranges.
However, recent studies suggest that PM derived from different sources may
differ in toxicity and that specific PM components may serve as markers for
different sources, suggesting an alternative, more efficient way of regulating
PM. The overall objective of MAPS was to collect particles from several
different geographical regions, characterize their physical and chemical properties,
and make them available to investigators for in vitro and animal instillation
health studies that can relate health effects with PM components and ultimately
sources. Airborne particles in the ultrafine, fine, and coarse size ranges were
collected in eight different locations in the US and Europe. The sites were
selected to take advantage of regional differences in PM sources and components.
Weekly samples were collected for a period of a month in each location,
using a 3 stage particle impactor (developed at Harvard University) which is
capable of collecting several mg of material during a weekly sampling interval.
The particles were then assayed for a number of chemical components and made
available to investigators in several different laboratories. This symposium will
describe some of the studies which have characterized health effects associated
with PM and PM components from each of the different geographical locations.
Relating adverse health effects to specific PM size modes and specific PM
chemical components is the first step towards relating these effects to PM
derived from specific sources. This will ultimately allow the EPA to more effectively
implement PM standards, thereby reducing not only the health impacts
now associated with PM, but also their substantial impacts on quality of life and
the national economy.
#303 1:30 THE MULTI-SITE AMBIENT PARTICLE STUDY
(MAPS): AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO
STUDYING HEALTH EFFECTS OF PM
COMPONENTS. R. Devlin 1 and T. Gordon 2 . 1 U.S.
EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC and 2 Environmental
Medicine, New York University, Tuxedo, NY.
#304 1:45 SAMPLE CHARACTERIZATION AND SOURCE
APPORTIONMENT OF AMBIENT
PARTICULATE MATTER: COMBINING
ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE AND LUNG
TOXICOLOGY. J. M. Veranth 1 , G. S. Yost 1 , J. C.
Chow 2 and J. G. Watson 2 . 1 Pharmacology and
Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT and
2 Atmospheric Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Reno,
NV.
#305 2:15 EFFECTS OF AMBIENT PM ON OXIDATIVE
STRESS AND SIGNALING PATHWAYS. L. Chen 1 ,
X. Jin 1 , C. Huang 1 , T. Gordon 1 and J. Hwang 2 .
1 Environmental Medicine, NYU School of Medicine,
Tuxedo, NY and 2 Statistics Institute, Academia Sinica,
Taipei, Taiwan.
#306 2:45 EFFECTS ON CYTOKINE PRODUCTION BY
MACROPHAGES, ENDOTHELIUM AND
EPITHELIAL CELLS. J. N. Finkelstein 1,2 .
1 Pediatrics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY and
2 Evironmental Medicine, University of Rochester,
Rochester, NY.
#307 3:15 HEALTH EFFECTS OF PARTICLES FROM
TRAFFIC-RELATED AMBIENT AIR
POLLUTION ON RESPIRATORY ALLERGY AND
INFLAMMATION: A EUROPEAN MULTISITE
STUDY. F. Cassee 1,3 , T. Sandstrom 3 and E. Dybing 2 .
1 Centre for Environmental Health Research (MGO),
National Institute for Public Health and the
Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, Netherlands,
2 Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
and 3 Medicine and Allergy University Hospital, Umea,
Sweden.
#308 3:45 EFFECT OF SIZE FRACTIONATED AMBIENT
PM SAMPLES ON INDUCTION OF
PULMONARY ALLERGY IN MICE. M. Gilmour.
NHEERL, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC.
Abstract 309 is located on page 94.
Monday Afternoon, March 7
1:30 PM to 4:30 PM
Room 220
WORKSHOP SESSION: ENVIRONMENTAL TERRORISM:
DEVELOPMENT OF EVACUATION, RE-ENTRY AND RE-USE
GUIDELINES FOR CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL AND
RADIOLOGICAL AGENTS
Chairperson(s): Mark Maddaloni, U.S. EPA, New York, NY and Annie
Jarabek, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC.
Endorsed by:
Risk Assessment SS*
The collapse of the World Trade Center (WTC) presented a host of challenges
to the governmental agencies charged with making decisions on evacuation, reentry
and long-term re-habitation for the impacted public in Lower Manhattan.
Occupational standards, ranging from immediately dangerous to life and health
(IDLH) concentrations to long-term permissible exposure limits (PELs) existed
for many of the building components and combustion by-products released from
the WTC disaster. However, these standards are generally not well-suited for
application to the general public (i.e. residents and office workers).
Conventional environmental standards and guidelines have focused on establishing
long-term exposure limits for chemical contaminants in the ambient
environment. That leaves a lot of poorly chartered territory for assessing environmental
terrorism incidents that may involve biological or radiological agents
within indoor settings, as well as in the ambient environment. The anthrax
bioterrorism event of October, 2001 made that abundantly clear. The environmental
response to the WTC disaster involved numerous governmental agencies
along with the inevitable overlapping of jurisdictions and responsibilities. A
future environmental terrorism event will likely follow suit. Accordingly, this
workshop will engage the key governmental agencies involved in protecting the
public health from environmental terrorism. The workshop will focus on
comparing and contrasting available methods for deriving short term (i.e. evacuation),
subchronic (i.e. re-entry) and long-term (i.e. re-habitation) exposure
criteria a for chemical, biological and radiological agents. Of particular interest
will be the role of background levels, analytical detection limits, social and
economic disruption, and other miscellaneous factors in the setting of exposure
limits. Risk levels for the different exposure scenarios and agent classes will be
evaluated for comparability. Data gaps and methodological shortcomings will
be identified for representative exposure scenarios within each class of agents.
72
SOT’s 44 th Annual Meeting