Asking Questions - The Definitive Guide To Questionnaire Design ...

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172 ASKING QUESTIONS Figure 5.6. Two Formats for Listing Adjectives in Self-Descriptions. FORMAT A Listed below are some adjectives, some of which are “favorable,” some of which are “unfavorable,” and some of which are neither. Please circle the ones that best describe you. Consider as ideal only those that are most characteristic of you as a person. Most people choose five or six, but you may choose more or fewer if you want to. Ambitious 1 Calm 2 Cooperative 3 Dominant 4 Happy 5 High Strung 6 Impetuous 7 Moody 8 Obliging 9 Outgoing 10 Quiet 11 Talkative 12 FORMAT B Listed below are some adjectives, some of which are “favorable,” some of which are “unfavorable,” some of which are neither. Please indicate for each adjective whether the adjective describes you or does not describe you. Describes me Does not describe me Don’t know Ambitious 1 2 3 Calm 1 2 3 Cooperative 1 2 3 Dominant 1 2 3 Happy 1 2 3 High Strung 1 2 3 Impetuous 1 2 3 Moody 1 2 3 Obliging 1 2 3 Outgoing 1 2 3 Quiet 1 2 3 Talkative 1 2 3 Source: Adapted from National Opinion Research Center; format A, 1961; format B, 1982.
ASKING AND RECORDING QUESTIONS 173 as apply”), it is difficult to interpret what the absence of a check mark means. Although the presence of a check mark indicates a positive instance, its omission might indicate that in fact the adjective does not apply, or that respondents did not notice that adjective because they were hurrying over the list, or that they were not sure whether it would apply. <strong>The</strong>re also are individual differences in the disposition to use large or small numbers of adjectives to describe oneself, which further complicates the interpretation of data based on the instruction “Check as many as apply.” In format B, respondents have to consider each adjective and decide whether it applies or does not apply to them. If they do not check an adjective, the investigator may infer that respondents hurried over it without seeing it or that they could not decide whether it applied to them. Even though it is somewhat more cumbersome to administer, we strongly recommend that when lists are used, each item be responded to with a “yes” or a “no,” an “applies” or “does not apply,” or a “true for me” or “not true for me,” rather than with the instruction “Check as many as apply.” Research indicates that the “Check as many as apply” format gets fewer responses than format B. Visual and Manual Aids We have discussed a number of ways to provide response formats. All of these depend on verbal cues or a written card that the respondents and interviewer can read. <strong>The</strong>se cards typically provide text (or some portion of text) that the interviewer reads to the respondent. Even though the respondents are holding the cards, it is important that the interviewers actually read the questions aloud to avoid language problems or sight difficulties. In all these strategies, the respondent is basically passive, and the interview should flow in a question-and-answer format, with the respondent being called on to do nothing but speak. In this section we consider a few response formats that provide respondents with visual material or materials that require them to do something other than talk.
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Asking Questions The Definitive Gui
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Norman M. Bradburn Seymour Sudman B
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Copyright © 2004 by John Wiley & S
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viii CONTENTS 12. Asking Questions
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Preface This book is a revised and
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PREFACE xiii trate some of the subt
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The Authors Norman M. Bradburn (Ph.
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Asking Questions
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Chapter One The Social Context of Q
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THE SOCIAL CONTEXT OF QUESTION ASKI
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Chapter Two Asking Nonthreatening Q
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ASKING NONTHREATENING QUESTIONS ABO
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Figure 2.4. Household Health Diary.
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Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census,
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80 ASKING QUESTIONS e. The Sealed B
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82 ASKING QUESTIONS asking about te
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84 ASKING QUESTIONS Figure 3.2. Que
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86 ASKING QUESTIONS into a car, mig
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88 ASKING QUESTIONS relationship be
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90 ASKING QUESTIONS from 55 percent
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92 ASKING QUESTIONS Illegal Drug Us
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94 ASKING QUESTIONS drinkers—may.
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100 ASKING QUESTIONS It must be rec
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102 ASKING QUESTIONS To illustrate
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104 ASKING QUESTIONS This applies t
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106 ASKING QUESTIONS When some resp
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108 ASKING QUESTIONS drinking quest
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110 ASKING QUESTIONS them less thre
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112 ASKING QUESTIONS Determining th
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114 ASKING QUESTIONS carefully for
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Chapter Four Asking Questions About
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ASKING QUESTIONS ABOUT ATTITUDES AN
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ASKING QUESTIONS THAT EVALUATE PERF
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244 ASKING QUESTIONS make a particu
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246 ASKING QUESTIONS on demographic
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248 ASKING QUESTIONS Table 8.1. Eig
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250 ASKING QUESTIONS domain and rel
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252 ASKING QUESTIONS Seven Steps to
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254 ASKING QUESTIONS the frequency
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256 ASKING QUESTIONS The fourth ste
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258 ASKING QUESTIONS empty cells. I
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Chapter Nine Asking Standard Demogr
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ASKING STANDARD DEMOGRAPHIC QUESTIO
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Chapter Ten Organizing and Designin
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ORGANIZING AND DESIGNING QUESTIONNA
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Fill- Ins Easily done with a Possib
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Chapter Eleven Questionnaires from
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QUESTIONNAIRES FROM START TO FINISH
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Chapter Twelve Asking Questions FAQ
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ASKING QUESTIONS FAQS 325 tain you
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Do you own an IBM-type of PC? Yes
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ASKING QUESTIONS FAQS 329 Ranking q
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ASKING QUESTIONS FAQS 331 guish bet
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ASKING QUESTIONS FAQS 333 activitie
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336 BIBLIOGRAPHY AND RECOMMENDED RE
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348 GLOSSARY object. The term belie
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350 GLOSSARY are entered directly i
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352 GLOSSARY the sex of the respond
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354 GLOSSARY of an IBM card is a on
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356 GLOSSARY individual difference
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358 GLOSSARY overreporting, underre
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360 GLOSSARY because of illness or
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362 GLOSSARY response effect A gene
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364 GLOSSARY questionnaires list th
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Index A Ability, measuring, 197-202
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INDEX 369 Denver, 86; Community che
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INDEX 371 Library card ownership, 8
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INDEX 373 preferences, 167-168; thr
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Appendix A List of Academic and Not
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APPENDIX A 377 Phoenix, AZ 85003-17
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APPENDIX A 379 Fax: 310-206-4453 E-
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APPENDIX A 381 800 Florida Ave., N.
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APPENDIX A 383 E-mail: jbason@arche
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APPENDIX A 385 Phone: 312-996-5300
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APPENDIX A 387 Phone: 785-532-5510
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APPENDIX A 389 Center for the Study
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APPENDIX A 391 Ann Arbor, MI 48106-
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APPENDIX A 393 731 Oldfather Hall L
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APPENDIX A 395 New York Marist Coll
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APPENDIX A 397 Cornell University I
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APPENDIX A 399 225 South Main St. A
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APPENDIX A 401 121 University Pl. P
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APPENDIX A 403 South Dakota Busines
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APPENDIX A 405 Public Policy Resear
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APPENDIX A 407 E-mail: sesrc@wsu.ed
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APPENDIX A 409 England National Cen
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412 APPENDIX B PLEASE CIRCLE ONE CO
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414 APPENDIX B 14. Who purchased th
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416 APPENDIX B 23. What racial/ethn
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Faculty Retention Survey December 2
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2. Professional Life Important to y
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4. Environment Important to you Imp
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Appendix D Kinko’s: Open-ended Se
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