Asking Questions - The Definitive Guide To Questionnaire Design ...

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266 ASKING QUESTIONS use five- or ten-year age categories in the question, but it is more accurate and just as easy to code age into single-year intervals initially and to combine later if necessary. If only a single question is asked, year of birth is superior to asking age because respondents concerned about their ages find year of birth less threatening. In what year were you/was (NAME) born? Asking About Race and Origin 1. Are you/is (NAME) Spanish/Hispanic or Latino? No Yes 2. What is your race? (Multiple answers possible) White Black, African American, or Negro American Indian or Alaska Native Asian Other (Specify) _____________________ These two U.S. Census questions about Hispanic origin and race reflect the current ruling by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget that these questions should be asked separately. To reduce confusion about the racial question, it is important to ask the Hispanic (or more general ethnicity) question first. Yet many Hispanics consider the race question confusing and answer “Other” after they have already checked Hispanic in the first question. Many nongovernment researchers simply combine these two questions into a single question with Spanish-Hispanic-Latino as one of the racial categories. It has long been recognized that there is no scientific basis for this classification and that it should be based on what the person considers himself or herself to be. A corollary to this is that interviewers should always ask the question; interviewers’ observations are not reliable. In recent years, an increasing
ASKING STANDARD DEMOGRAPHIC QUESTIONS 267 number of people consider themselves to be members of multiple racial groups. The current question allows them to indicate all of these groups. The U.S. Census coding of these questions breaks them down into subcategories, but if you need further breakdowns we suggest you ask an open-ended question—for example, “What is your/ (NAME’s) ancestry or ethnic origin? (multiple answers possible).” The answer categories will depend on the distribution of responses. Many respondents will simply say “American.” Many Jewish people will not give a country of origin but will simply say “Jewish.” For illustrative purposes, we give the code categories used by the General Social Survey, with slight modifications. If you think there will be a low incidence of a particular country of origin, leave that choice off the list and make sure there is an “Other” choice. The list that follows contains an “Other” choice. Africa American American Indian Arabian Austrian Belgian Canadian (French) Canadian (Other) Chinese Croatian Czech Danish Dutch (Holland/ Netherlands) English or Welsh Filipino Finnish French German Greek Hungarian Indian Irish Italian Japanese Jewish Lithuanian Mexican Norwegian Polish Portuguese Puerto Rican Romanian Russian or former Soviet Union Scottish Serbian Slovak Spanish Swedish Swiss West Indies (Hispanic) West Indies (Non-Hispanic) Other Hispanic (Central and South America) Other Asian Other European
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Asking Questions The Definitive Gui
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Norman M. Bradburn Seymour Sudman B
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Copyright © 2004 by John Wiley & S
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viii CONTENTS 12. Asking Questions
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Preface This book is a revised and
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PREFACE xiii trate some of the subt
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The Authors Norman M. Bradburn (Ph.
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Asking Questions
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Chapter One The Social Context of Q
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THE SOCIAL CONTEXT OF QUESTION ASKI
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Chapter Two Asking Nonthreatening Q
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ASKING NONTHREATENING QUESTIONS ABO
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Figure 2.4. Household Health Diary.
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Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census,
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80 ASKING QUESTIONS e. The Sealed B
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82 ASKING QUESTIONS asking about te
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84 ASKING QUESTIONS Figure 3.2. Que
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86 ASKING QUESTIONS into a car, mig
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88 ASKING QUESTIONS relationship be
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90 ASKING QUESTIONS from 55 percent
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92 ASKING QUESTIONS Illegal Drug Us
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94 ASKING QUESTIONS drinkers—may.
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100 ASKING QUESTIONS It must be rec
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102 ASKING QUESTIONS To illustrate
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104 ASKING QUESTIONS This applies t
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106 ASKING QUESTIONS When some resp
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108 ASKING QUESTIONS drinking quest
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110 ASKING QUESTIONS them less thre
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112 ASKING QUESTIONS Determining th
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114 ASKING QUESTIONS carefully for
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Chapter Four Asking Questions About
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ASKING QUESTIONS ABOUT ATTITUDES AN
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Chapter Five Asking and Recording O
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ASKING AND RECORDING QUESTIONS 153
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180 ASKING QUESTIONS 2. Consider wh
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182 ASKING QUESTIONS Figure 6.2. Qu
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184 ASKING QUESTIONS Specific knowl
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186 ASKING QUESTIONS question. Anot
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192 ASKING QUESTIONS Resident Infor
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194 ASKING QUESTIONS It must be rec
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196 ASKING QUESTIONS Figure 6.10. Q
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198 ASKING QUESTIONS Figure 6.11. S
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200 ASKING QUESTIONS Figure 6.11. S
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202 ASKING QUESTIONS question indic
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204 ASKING QUESTIONS state or count
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206 ASKING QUESTIONS respondents wi
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208 ASKING QUESTIONS answers, most
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210 ASKING QUESTIONS on the Web sin
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Chapter Seven Asking Questions that
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Page 272 and 273: 252 ASKING QUESTIONS Seven Steps to
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Page 281 and 282: Chapter Nine Asking Standard Demogr
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Page 303 and 304: Chapter Ten Organizing and Designin
Page 305 and 306: ORGANIZING AND DESIGNING QUESTIONNA
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QUESTIONNAIRES FROM START TO FINISH
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Chapter Twelve Asking Questions FAQ
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ASKING QUESTIONS FAQS 325 tain you
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Do you own an IBM-type of PC? Yes
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ASKING QUESTIONS FAQS 329 Ranking q
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ASKING QUESTIONS FAQS 331 guish bet
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ASKING QUESTIONS FAQS 333 activitie
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336 BIBLIOGRAPHY AND RECOMMENDED RE
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348 GLOSSARY object. The term belie
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350 GLOSSARY are entered directly i
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352 GLOSSARY the sex of the respond
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354 GLOSSARY of an IBM card is a on
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356 GLOSSARY individual difference
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358 GLOSSARY overreporting, underre
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360 GLOSSARY because of illness or
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362 GLOSSARY response effect A gene
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364 GLOSSARY questionnaires list th
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Index A Ability, measuring, 197-202
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INDEX 369 Denver, 86; Community che
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INDEX 371 Library card ownership, 8
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INDEX 373 preferences, 167-168; thr
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Appendix A List of Academic and Not
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APPENDIX A 377 Phoenix, AZ 85003-17
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APPENDIX A 379 Fax: 310-206-4453 E-
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APPENDIX A 381 800 Florida Ave., N.
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APPENDIX A 383 E-mail: jbason@arche
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APPENDIX A 385 Phone: 312-996-5300
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APPENDIX A 387 Phone: 785-532-5510
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APPENDIX A 389 Center for the Study
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APPENDIX A 391 Ann Arbor, MI 48106-
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APPENDIX A 393 731 Oldfather Hall L
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APPENDIX A 395 New York Marist Coll
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APPENDIX A 397 Cornell University I
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APPENDIX A 399 225 South Main St. A
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APPENDIX A 401 121 University Pl. P
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APPENDIX A 403 South Dakota Busines
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APPENDIX A 405 Public Policy Resear
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APPENDIX A 407 E-mail: sesrc@wsu.ed
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APPENDIX A 409 England National Cen
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412 APPENDIX B PLEASE CIRCLE ONE CO
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414 APPENDIX B 14. Who purchased th
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416 APPENDIX B 23. What racial/ethn
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Faculty Retention Survey December 2
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2. Professional Life Important to y
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4. Environment Important to you Imp
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Appendix D Kinko’s: Open-ended Se
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