Asking Questions - The Definitive Guide To Questionnaire Design ...

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300 ASKING QUESTIONS larger studies, computers can generally be more cost-effective. It is important, however, not to evaluate your choice solely on the basis of cost. Critical issues of sample representativeness and data quality should also be considered. (See Sudman and Wansink, 2002, for a more complete discussion.) The powerful ability of the computer to execute complex skip instructions also has some problems attached to it. The more complex the skip instructions, the greater the possibility that an error will creep into the programming so that questions are skipped improperly, or that certain patterns of responses cause the computer to freeze. The only solution, if the complex skips are required, is to spend the time to test how the questionnaire flows, under a wide variety of different answer patterns. This adds to the development time of the questionnaire, but saves much agony later. Even with substantial testing, some bugs may remain that will not be caught until the main survey; however, if the frequency and importance of these bugs is very low, they may usually be ignored or corrected during the field period. You should also be aware that complex skips and branching possible with CATI might make it more difficult to analyze your data and to obtain simple margins. With complex branching, the same variable will have different names depending on the branch taken, and these differently named variables will need to be combined for final analysis, which is not always a simple task. Furthermore, conducting a survey partly on CATI and partly with a paper-and-pencil questionnaire is messy. You cannot simply print out the CATI questionnaire and expect the interviewer to follow it. Also, merging data from a paper-and-pencil version with data from CATI interviews can be tricky. Instead of planning a mixed-mode study, think hard and creatively as to whether all parts can be either computer-assisted such as CATI and CAPI or all parts be done on paper. This will save you a lot of later-stage headaches.
ORGANIZING AND DESIGNING QUESTIONNAIRES 301 Software for Computer-Assisted Interviewing A wide variety of software packages can be used with computerassisted interviewing. You will need to decide which software best meets your needs. We can make no general recommendations since no one software package dominates its competitors for all situations. It is probably not cost-effective to buy a software package for a single study, however, unless that study is very large and complex. For smaller single studies we would suggest that you use either an existing field organization that already has computer capabilities or an on-line version of standard programs (which are available at reasonably low-cost monthly rates), or stick with a paper questionnaire. If you have the name of questionnaire software, you can almost certainly obtain more information by going to the developing company’s Web site. Three software packages that are widely used and that have Web sites are as follows: Blaise for Windows Mailing address: Westat 1650 Research Blvd. Rockville, MD 20850 Attn: Blaise Services-RE 330-S Web site: westat.com/blaise Blaise for Windows is a survey processing system software suite developed by Statistics Netherlands and distributed and supported in the United States and Canada by Westat. CASES (Computer-Assisted Survey Execution System) Mailing address: Software Support Services CSM Program, University of California 2538 Channing Way, #5100 Berkeley, CA 94720 Web site: cases.berkeley.edu
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Asking Questions The Definitive Gui
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Norman M. Bradburn Seymour Sudman B
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Copyright © 2004 by John Wiley & S
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viii CONTENTS 12. Asking Questions
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Preface This book is a revised and
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PREFACE xiii trate some of the subt
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The Authors Norman M. Bradburn (Ph.
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Asking Questions
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Chapter One The Social Context of Q
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THE SOCIAL CONTEXT OF QUESTION ASKI
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Chapter Two Asking Nonthreatening Q
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ASKING NONTHREATENING QUESTIONS ABO
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Figure 2.4. Household Health Diary.
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Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census,
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80 ASKING QUESTIONS e. The Sealed B
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82 ASKING QUESTIONS asking about te
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84 ASKING QUESTIONS Figure 3.2. Que
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86 ASKING QUESTIONS into a car, mig
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88 ASKING QUESTIONS relationship be
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90 ASKING QUESTIONS from 55 percent
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92 ASKING QUESTIONS Illegal Drug Us
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94 ASKING QUESTIONS drinkers—may.
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100 ASKING QUESTIONS It must be rec
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102 ASKING QUESTIONS To illustrate
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104 ASKING QUESTIONS This applies t
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106 ASKING QUESTIONS When some resp
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108 ASKING QUESTIONS drinking quest
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110 ASKING QUESTIONS them less thre
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112 ASKING QUESTIONS Determining th
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114 ASKING QUESTIONS carefully for
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Chapter Four Asking Questions About
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ASKING QUESTIONS ABOUT ATTITUDES AN
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Chapter Five Asking and Recording O
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ASKING AND RECORDING QUESTIONS 153
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180 ASKING QUESTIONS 2. Consider wh
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182 ASKING QUESTIONS Figure 6.2. Qu
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184 ASKING QUESTIONS Specific knowl
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186 ASKING QUESTIONS question. Anot
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192 ASKING QUESTIONS Resident Infor
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194 ASKING QUESTIONS It must be rec
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196 ASKING QUESTIONS Figure 6.10. Q
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198 ASKING QUESTIONS Figure 6.11. S
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200 ASKING QUESTIONS Figure 6.11. S
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202 ASKING QUESTIONS question indic
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204 ASKING QUESTIONS state or count
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206 ASKING QUESTIONS respondents wi
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208 ASKING QUESTIONS answers, most
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210 ASKING QUESTIONS on the Web sin
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Chapter Seven Asking Questions that
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ASKING QUESTIONS THAT EVALUATE PERF
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• Depends heavily on employee’s
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244 ASKING QUESTIONS make a particu
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246 ASKING QUESTIONS on demographic
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248 ASKING QUESTIONS Table 8.1. Eig
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Page 305 and 306: ORGANIZING AND DESIGNING QUESTIONNA
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Page 333 and 334: Fill- Ins Easily done with a Possib
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Page 337 and 338: QUESTIONNAIRES FROM START TO FINISH
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Page 345 and 346: ASKING QUESTIONS FAQS 325 tain you
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350 GLOSSARY are entered directly i
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352 GLOSSARY the sex of the respond
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354 GLOSSARY of an IBM card is a on
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356 GLOSSARY individual difference
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358 GLOSSARY overreporting, underre
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360 GLOSSARY because of illness or
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362 GLOSSARY response effect A gene
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364 GLOSSARY questionnaires list th
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Index A Ability, measuring, 197-202
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INDEX 369 Denver, 86; Community che
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INDEX 371 Library card ownership, 8
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INDEX 373 preferences, 167-168; thr
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Appendix A List of Academic and Not
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APPENDIX A 377 Phoenix, AZ 85003-17
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APPENDIX A 379 Fax: 310-206-4453 E-
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APPENDIX A 381 800 Florida Ave., N.
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APPENDIX A 383 E-mail: jbason@arche
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APPENDIX A 385 Phone: 312-996-5300
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APPENDIX A 387 Phone: 785-532-5510
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APPENDIX A 389 Center for the Study
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APPENDIX A 391 Ann Arbor, MI 48106-
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APPENDIX A 393 731 Oldfather Hall L
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APPENDIX A 395 New York Marist Coll
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APPENDIX A 397 Cornell University I
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APPENDIX A 399 225 South Main St. A
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APPENDIX A 401 121 University Pl. P
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APPENDIX A 403 South Dakota Busines
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APPENDIX A 405 Public Policy Resear
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APPENDIX A 407 E-mail: sesrc@wsu.ed
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APPENDIX A 409 England National Cen
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412 APPENDIX B PLEASE CIRCLE ONE CO
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414 APPENDIX B 14. Who purchased th
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416 APPENDIX B 23. What racial/ethn
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Faculty Retention Survey December 2
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2. Professional Life Important to y
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4. Environment Important to you Imp
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Appendix D Kinko’s: Open-ended Se
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