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counter-transference as a way of accessing unconscious dynamics within a research interview context, rather than the normal therapeutic context (Kincheloe 2005). As transference and counter-transference are unconscious processes their presence cannot be guaranteed in every interview, however where their presence is experienced, they do offer a heuristic and creative knowledge arising out of the lived experience of an interviewee. The research interview itself also has the potential to become an intersubjective encounter, a development central to contemporary psychoanalysis. There is another strand to this selection, which relates to the researcher’s experience of each interview. That is identifying the potential or experience of making a transition from an I-It encounter to an I-Thou encounter as identified by Buber (see earlier in this chapter and chapter one of part A). On this basis – the presence of unconscious processes accessed through reflecting on transference and counter-transference and for potential I-Thou encounter – led to seven interviews being examined in further detail. These interviews also meet my interpretation of the more detailed criteria outlined by Charmaz under the heading of ‘resonance’. • Do the categories portray the fulness of the studied experience? • Has the researcher revealed liminal and taken-for-granted meanings? • Has the researcher drawn links between larger collectivities and individual lives, when the data so indicates? • Do the analytic interpretations make sense to members and offer them deeper insights about their lives and worlds? (Charmaz 2005: 528). 178
Further reflexive exploration was utilized by establishing a qualitative research day involving a wide range of academic and therapeutic colleagues. This day examined two interviews in detail, as well as listening to actual extracts as a way of examining the generation of unconscious dynamics in the group and the individuals (see appendix six). 179
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“SACRED PSYCHOANALYSIS” - AN IN
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ABSTRACT From the 1970s the emergen
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CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION 1 PART A
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Chapter Fifteen. Patterns of engage
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Theme 8: Mystical/Mystic/O 289 Them
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INTRODUCTION My conscious engagemen
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to contemporary psychoanalysis and
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The first research method developed
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PART A. THE CONTEXT, DEFINITION AND
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travelled with Ferenczi to explore
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Despite this inclusive vision a cli
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exclusivity’ (Richards 1999: 1024
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signs of abating. Despite the sheer
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1933b: 158f.). Freud vigorously ref
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embraced that relate to this thesis
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The twin trees symbolized my person
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post-critical thought. These comple
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Epistemological context While I hav
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tolerate periods of “not-knowing
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engagement see little relevance for
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more like stray notes than a centra
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social and philosophical force (Bea
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One solution is to identify paramet
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The sacred was given a unique focus
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Before Lynch’s working definition
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Klein (Grotstein 1982), 79 Winnicot
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theories. 87 The prevailing ethos w
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CHAPTER FOUR. RELIGIOUS AND SPIRITU
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Molino 1997). While Coltart combine
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esponse gave Symington the impetus
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analytic theory, and clinical techn
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CHAPTER FIVE. RELIGIOUS AND SPIRITU
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produced further discussion and pub
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vision for psychoanalysis and he fo
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psychotherapist with important conn
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Winnicott is arguably the most infl
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theory includes developmental, tran
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particular significance for the nat
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decades of his life. 157 Religion f
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made a lovely missionary’ (quoted
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Bion gained encouragement for his e
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elements/function; or phenomena and
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inherent human knowing of infinity
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PART B. THE ENGAGEMENT OF RELIGION,
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The third strand was the use of Win
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psychoanalysis 187 Meissner articul
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work of Winnicott (Winnicott 1965,
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pertaining to grace, providence, an
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Gay’s work is less than convincin
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ecame Clinical Professor of Psychia
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postulated by theologians and philo
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life cycle from birth to death’ (
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Rizzuto’s major contribution was
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Thirdly both use the work of Hans L
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a form of dualism that despite thes
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experiential moments of timelessnes
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accessed in more immediate ways. Ma
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efines psychoanalytic insights. 240
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Symington recalls that he had had e
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Symington’s contribution includes
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ased on illusion. Whereas religion
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approach to psychoanalysis has mean
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penis envy, as well as the nature a
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transcend the limitations establish
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In a parallel development Chodorow
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Cohen and Gereboff provide a detail
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feature of the work of Eigen who
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CHAPTER TWELVE. PATTERNS OF ENGAGEM
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Page 145 and 146: Martino 1991; Rubin 1992; Westkott
Page 147 and 148: components of spirituality identifi
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Page 151 and 152: Rabindrath Tagore’s move from a s
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Page 155 and 156: A third theoretical approach involv
Page 157 and 158: transference and multiple gods; and
Page 159 and 160: Despite these recent developments o
Page 161 and 162: treatment’ (Ad-Bab'bagh 2001: 283
Page 163 and 164: oases where they find refuge, so th
Page 165 and 166: searching; isolation and involvemen
Page 167 and 168: The work of Eigen is a unique synth
Page 169 and 170: developed by Heidegger and used by
Page 171 and 172: mystical journey can be seen as an
Page 173 and 174: Grotstein uniquely sees psychoanaly
Page 175 and 176: that has multiple dimensions includ
Page 177 and 178: PART C. METHODOLOGICAL CONCERNS, IN
Page 179 and 180: 3. Relational engagement gives the
Page 181 and 182: CHAPTER SEVENTEEN. RESEARCH METHODO
Page 183 and 184: conscious that offers the opportuni
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Page 187: addition of a third cultural contex
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Page 193 and 194: CHAPTER NINETEEN. RESEARCH INTERVIE
Page 195 and 196: The interviews were recorded using
Page 197 and 198: CHAPTER TWENTY. ANALYZING QUALITATI
Page 199 and 200: Thematic Narrative Analysis The ana
Page 201 and 202: group facilitator and CBT trainer;
Page 203 and 204: identified similar themes to those
Page 205 and 206: CHAPTER TWENTY-ONE. PSYCHOANALYTIC
Page 207 and 208: the physical and metaphysical use o
Page 209 and 210: Personal ontology JB’s ontology i
Page 211 and 212: was a high level of honesty - a gen
Page 213 and 214: allowed was JB to clarify her under
Page 215 and 216: What I noticed immediately was the
Page 217 and 218: As the interview developed I very m
Page 219 and 220: Alessandra Lemma (AL) Alessandra Le
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Page 225 and 226: unconscious that combine the spirit
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Page 231 and 232: Freud’s ideas were in transition
Page 233 and 234: Conscious encounter The introductio
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Page 237 and 238: • We discover the eternal unconsc
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• Openness to the numinous and th
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stood out from this second meeting.
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aspects of their being. My engageme
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linking to the other/Other (PM, JG)
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spirituality without becoming gods.
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JG elicited an idealized, positive
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with my father, the fact of being a
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a whole range of thoughts and feeli
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CHAPTER TWENTY-THREE. A THEMATIC NA
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discovered the religious instinct w
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atheistic vision that dispenses wit
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The creativity of Winnicott Winnico
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neuroscience and the growth of reli
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y others. There are ‘resonances a
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there’ (JB 65). Eigen’s eclecti
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Coltart was a highly regarded Briti
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The term ‘zeitgeist’ was used t
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Rizzuto focuses on the internal, ps
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‘I think clearly for a lot of peo
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562). An analyst might say a little
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Lemma located her ambivalence to re
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eligious experience arising in ever
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the psyche through making space for
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Areas of dialogue include: the natu
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A critical dialogue between psychoa
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worlds. ‘We’ve probably never l
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is to study religion because religi
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makes it difficult to go beyond equ
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Rubin adds positively that spiritua
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and psychoanalysis (Galatzer-Levy a
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Theme 8: Mystical/Mystic/O 487 If a
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Theme 9: Love 490 Sayers suggests t
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CHAPTER TWENTY-FOUR. THEMATIC COMME
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their absence as much as their pres
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conversation he encouraged my work
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PART D. SACRED PSYCHOANALYSIS - AN
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CHAPTER TWENTY-FIVE. ‘SACRED PSYC
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that offers a cross-over or transfe
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and psychoanalytic discourse by dev
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CHAPTER TWENTY-SIX. ‘SACRED PSYCH
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and the spiritual (Sorenson 2000, 2
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Figure 3. A dominant sacred interpr
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form of splitting reminiscent of ea
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fulfils Meissner’s vision for a
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Figure 6. Winnicott (DW1-2) Winnico
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person was Neville Symington. By co
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eflects Eigen’s experience of Bub
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elationship to others and live out
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psychoanalysis and this is the purp
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evelation, in a more challenging fa
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into his being, but the meeting wit
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CHAPTER TWENTY-EIGHT. ‘SACRED PSY
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and analyst’ (Ogden 2005: 6). How
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the transition (it is, by definitio
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Signals of transcendence It is too
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Catholic Mass, mystical encounter,
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ultimate reality and truth - the un
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self-knowledge echoing the words of
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cause it becomes pathological as se
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understood beyond the limited clini
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CHAPTER THIRTY. ‘SACRED PSYCHOANA
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clinical papers presented at confer
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encounters with Grotstein where the
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etc.? What is the place of mistakes
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enormous. In the conclusion I have
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2. Potential Interview questions Qu
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Part Two - Consent Form If you are
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Appendix 3. Oskar Pfister and the u
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Solms also identifies the challenge
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disciplines of reflection, meditati
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8. A total sense of self, including
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Ethical Permission for a Qualitativ
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adversarial encounter? There was re
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1. Eigen’s religious and spiritua
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experience, allied to a formidable
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(Freud 1939).’ (Eigen 1998: 12).
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the founders of intersubjectivity
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tradition. He rather adopts a Zen a
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personal lives in that sort of way.
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Alvesson, Mats, and Kaj Sköldberg.
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———. 2009. A relational psych
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———. 2007. The Freudian momen
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Casement, Ann, ed. 2004. Who owns p
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Coyte, Mary, Peter Gilbert, and Vic
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Elmhirst, Susanna Isaacs. 1996. For
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Freke, Sarah. 1999. Review of 'The
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———. 1976. Introduction. Freu
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———. 1994. Projective identif
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Hartnack, Christiane. 1990. Vishnu
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Issroff, Judith. 1999. Reflections
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———. 1994. Love in the analyt
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LaMothe, Ryan. 2005. Creating space
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———. 2005. Understanding theo
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Meissner, William. 1966. The operat
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———. 2009. Psychoanalytic con
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———. 2001. Three archaic cont
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———. 1983. The play of the im
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———. 2000. The psychological
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Safran, Jeremy. 1999. Faith, despai
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Smart, Ninian. 1996. Dimensions of
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———. 2002. A space to listen:
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Watts, Alan. 1961/1998. Psychothera
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