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Chapter Twenty-Two. Reflexive commentary and analysis 232 The past in the present – ontological presence The personal present – conscious presence The unconscious present – unconscious presence The shared present – intersubjective presence Chapter Twenty-Three. A thematic narrative analysis 245 Theme 1: Psychoanalysis - Freud then and now 246 Theme 2: Key Psychoanalytic Thinkers 247 The polarization of Klein The ontology of Bion The creativity of Winnicott The neglected Jung Theme 3: Contemporary psychoanalysis 252 Evolution not revolution Revolution not evolution A pluralistic and spiritual ethos A transformative experience Theme 4: Contemporary psychoanalysts 256 Theme 5: Religion and Religious 260 Context Reactions and Reflections Autobiography and lived experience Clients/Patients and clinical encounter Dialogue partner Fundamentalism – religious and psychoanalytic Theme 6: Spiritual/Spirituality 280 Religious decline and spiritual growth Evolving generic spirituality Spirituality as “Coming Out” Theme 7: Buddhism/Buddhist 287
Theme 8: Mystical/Mystic/O 289 Theme 9: Love 291 Chapter Twenty-Four. Thematic commentary and analysis 293 PART D. SACRED PSYCHOANALYSIS – AN INTERPRETATION Chapter Twenty-Five. ‘Sacred psychoanalysis’ and hermeneutics 301 Chapter Twenty-Six. ‘Sacred psychoanalysis’– an interpretative framework 307 Chapter Twenty-Seven. ‘Sacred psychoanalysis’ – interviews and encounters 324 Chapter Twenty-Eight. ‘Sacred psychoanalysis’ – a hermeneutic of transition 331 Transition as transitional space Transition as evocations of thirdness Chapter Twenty-Nine. ‘Sacred psychoanalysis’ 336 – a hermeneutic of transformation Signals of transcendence Mystery and Mystical Acts of Faith Channel for the divine/Other/I-Thou/O Aesthetic and Transformational Objects Love – a missing dimension of the sacred in psychoanalysis Chapter Thirty. ‘Sacred psychoanalysis’- Concluding reflections 349 Other stories – an alternative narrative of research Conclusion APPENDICES Appendix 1. Introductory letter, interview questions and 358 ethical consent form Appendix 2. Interview text: David Black 362
Page 1 and 2: “SACRED PSYCHOANALYSIS” - AN IN
Page 3 and 4: ABSTRACT From the 1970s the emergen
Page 5 and 6: CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION 1 PART A
Page 7: Chapter Fifteen. Patterns of engage
Page 11 and 12: INTRODUCTION My conscious engagemen
Page 13 and 14: to contemporary psychoanalysis and
Page 15 and 16: The first research method developed
Page 17 and 18: PART A. THE CONTEXT, DEFINITION AND
Page 19 and 20: travelled with Ferenczi to explore
Page 21 and 22: Despite this inclusive vision a cli
Page 23 and 24: exclusivity’ (Richards 1999: 1024
Page 25 and 26: signs of abating. Despite the sheer
Page 27 and 28: 1933b: 158f.). Freud vigorously ref
Page 29 and 30: embraced that relate to this thesis
Page 31 and 32: The twin trees symbolized my person
Page 33 and 34: post-critical thought. These comple
Page 35 and 36: Epistemological context While I hav
Page 37 and 38: tolerate periods of “not-knowing
Page 39 and 40: engagement see little relevance for
Page 41 and 42: more like stray notes than a centra
Page 43 and 44: social and philosophical force (Bea
Page 45 and 46: One solution is to identify paramet
Page 47 and 48: The sacred was given a unique focus
Page 49 and 50: Before Lynch’s working definition
Page 51 and 52: Klein (Grotstein 1982), 79 Winnicot
Page 53 and 54: theories. 87 The prevailing ethos w
Page 55 and 56: CHAPTER FOUR. RELIGIOUS AND SPIRITU
Page 57 and 58: Molino 1997). While Coltart combine
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esponse gave Symington the impetus
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analytic theory, and clinical techn
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CHAPTER FIVE. RELIGIOUS AND SPIRITU
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produced further discussion and pub
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vision for psychoanalysis and he fo
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psychotherapist with important conn
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Winnicott is arguably the most infl
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theory includes developmental, tran
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particular significance for the nat
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decades of his life. 157 Religion f
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made a lovely missionary’ (quoted
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Bion gained encouragement for his e
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elements/function; or phenomena and
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inherent human knowing of infinity
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PART B. THE ENGAGEMENT OF RELIGION,
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The third strand was the use of Win
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psychoanalysis 187 Meissner articul
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work of Winnicott (Winnicott 1965,
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pertaining to grace, providence, an
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Gay’s work is less than convincin
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ecame Clinical Professor of Psychia
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postulated by theologians and philo
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life cycle from birth to death’ (
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Rizzuto’s major contribution was
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Thirdly both use the work of Hans L
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a form of dualism that despite thes
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experiential moments of timelessnes
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accessed in more immediate ways. Ma
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efines psychoanalytic insights. 240
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Symington recalls that he had had e
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Symington’s contribution includes
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ased on illusion. Whereas religion
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approach to psychoanalysis has mean
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penis envy, as well as the nature a
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transcend the limitations establish
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In a parallel development Chodorow
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Cohen and Gereboff provide a detail
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feature of the work of Eigen who
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CHAPTER TWELVE. PATTERNS OF ENGAGEM
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Coltart, and later, David Black. 28
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never in conflict and had the poten
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sense of who we are and what we do.
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consciousness. Some would describe
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Martino 1991; Rubin 1992; Westkott
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components of spirituality identifi
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engagement, unfolding dialogue and
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Rabindrath Tagore’s move from a s
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in its own right, and modify modes
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A third theoretical approach involv
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transference and multiple gods; and
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Despite these recent developments o
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treatment’ (Ad-Bab'bagh 2001: 283
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oases where they find refuge, so th
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searching; isolation and involvemen
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The work of Eigen is a unique synth
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developed by Heidegger and used by
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mystical journey can be seen as an
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Grotstein uniquely sees psychoanaly
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that has multiple dimensions includ
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PART C. METHODOLOGICAL CONCERNS, IN
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3. Relational engagement gives the
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CHAPTER SEVENTEEN. RESEARCH METHODO
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conscious that offers the opportuni
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European perspectives. The disadvan
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addition of a third cultural contex
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Further reflexive exploration was u
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especting and valuing of the other
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CHAPTER NINETEEN. RESEARCH INTERVIE
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The interviews were recorded using
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CHAPTER TWENTY. ANALYZING QUALITATI
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Thematic Narrative Analysis The ana
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group facilitator and CBT trainer;
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identified similar themes to those
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CHAPTER TWENTY-ONE. PSYCHOANALYTIC
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the physical and metaphysical use o
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Personal ontology JB’s ontology i
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was a high level of honesty - a gen
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allowed was JB to clarify her under
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What I noticed immediately was the
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As the interview developed I very m
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Alessandra Lemma (AL) Alessandra Le
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esources that people have within th
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central therapeutic task (Ulanov 20
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unconscious that combine the spirit
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the species or the desire to create
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two-way process with the researcher
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Freud’s ideas were in transition
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Conscious encounter The introductio
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session found within a British Klei
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• We discover the eternal unconsc
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• Openness to the numinous and th
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stood out from this second meeting.
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aspects of their being. My engageme
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linking to the other/Other (PM, JG)
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spirituality without becoming gods.
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JG elicited an idealized, positive
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with my father, the fact of being a
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a whole range of thoughts and feeli
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CHAPTER TWENTY-THREE. A THEMATIC NA
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discovered the religious instinct w
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atheistic vision that dispenses wit
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The creativity of Winnicott Winnico
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neuroscience and the growth of reli
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y others. There are ‘resonances a
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there’ (JB 65). Eigen’s eclecti
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Coltart was a highly regarded Briti
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The term ‘zeitgeist’ was used t
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Rizzuto focuses on the internal, ps
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‘I think clearly for a lot of peo
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562). An analyst might say a little
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Lemma located her ambivalence to re
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eligious experience arising in ever
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the psyche through making space for
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Areas of dialogue include: the natu
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A critical dialogue between psychoa
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worlds. ‘We’ve probably never l
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is to study religion because religi
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makes it difficult to go beyond equ
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Rubin adds positively that spiritua
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and psychoanalysis (Galatzer-Levy a
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Theme 8: Mystical/Mystic/O 487 If a
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Theme 9: Love 490 Sayers suggests t
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CHAPTER TWENTY-FOUR. THEMATIC COMME
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their absence as much as their pres
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conversation he encouraged my work
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PART D. SACRED PSYCHOANALYSIS - AN
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CHAPTER TWENTY-FIVE. ‘SACRED PSYC
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that offers a cross-over or transfe
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and psychoanalytic discourse by dev
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CHAPTER TWENTY-SIX. ‘SACRED PSYCH
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and the spiritual (Sorenson 2000, 2
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Figure 3. A dominant sacred interpr
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form of splitting reminiscent of ea
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fulfils Meissner’s vision for a
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Figure 6. Winnicott (DW1-2) Winnico
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person was Neville Symington. By co
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eflects Eigen’s experience of Bub
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elationship to others and live out
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psychoanalysis and this is the purp
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evelation, in a more challenging fa
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into his being, but the meeting wit
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CHAPTER TWENTY-EIGHT. ‘SACRED PSY
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and analyst’ (Ogden 2005: 6). How
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the transition (it is, by definitio
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Signals of transcendence It is too
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Catholic Mass, mystical encounter,
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ultimate reality and truth - the un
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self-knowledge echoing the words of
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cause it becomes pathological as se
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understood beyond the limited clini
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CHAPTER THIRTY. ‘SACRED PSYCHOANA
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clinical papers presented at confer
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encounters with Grotstein where the
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etc.? What is the place of mistakes
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enormous. In the conclusion I have
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2. Potential Interview questions Qu
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Part Two - Consent Form If you are
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
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65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76
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128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136
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192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200
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256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264
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320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328
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383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391
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446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454
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509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517
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572 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580
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636 637 638 639 640 641 642 643 644
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700 701 702 703 704 705 706 707 708
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762 763 764 765 766 767 768 769 770
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Appendix 3. Oskar Pfister and the u
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Solms also identifies the challenge
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disciplines of reflection, meditati
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8. A total sense of self, including
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Ethical Permission for a Qualitativ
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adversarial encounter? There was re
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1. Eigen’s religious and spiritua
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experience, allied to a formidable
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(Freud 1939).’ (Eigen 1998: 12).
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the founders of intersubjectivity
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tradition. He rather adopts a Zen a
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personal lives in that sort of way.
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Alvesson, Mats, and Kaj Sköldberg.
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———. 2009. A relational psych
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———. 2007. The Freudian momen
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Casement, Ann, ed. 2004. Who owns p
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Coyte, Mary, Peter Gilbert, and Vic
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Elmhirst, Susanna Isaacs. 1996. For
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Freke, Sarah. 1999. Review of 'The
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———. 1976. Introduction. Freu
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———. 1994. Projective identif
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Hartnack, Christiane. 1990. Vishnu
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Issroff, Judith. 1999. Reflections
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———. 1994. Love in the analyt
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LaMothe, Ryan. 2005. Creating space
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———. 2005. Understanding theo
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Meissner, William. 1966. The operat
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———. 2009. Psychoanalytic con
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———. 2001. Three archaic cont
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———. 1983. The play of the im
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———. 2000. The psychological
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Safran, Jeremy. 1999. Faith, despai
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Smart, Ninian. 1996. Dimensions of
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———. 2002. A space to listen:
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Watts, Alan. 1961/1998. Psychothera
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