INTERACTION DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR INTERACTIVE ...

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Digital Video Broadcasting Project [DVB] (http://www.dvb.org) CableLabs (http://www.cablelabs.com) World Wide Web Consortium [W3C] (http://www.w3.org) Federal Communications Commission [FCC] (http://www.fcc.gov) Digital Audio Visual Council [DAVIC] (http://www.davic.org) European Cable Communications Association [ECCA] (http://www.ecca.be) European Telecommunications Standards Institute [ETSI] (http://www.etsi.org) Additional information about the work that each of these organizations have carried out in this arena is available from their respective Web sites. 4.2.8 ATVEF and OCAP The two primary organizations shaping iTV technological standards in the U.S. are the Advanced Television Enhancement Forum (ATVEF) and CableLabs’ OpenCable project. ATVEF is a non-profit coalition of broadcast, cable, PC, and consumer electronics companies formed to promote interactive television standards and deployment. ATVEF defines the standards used to create content that can be delivered over analog and digital television broadcasts, and a variety of networks, including terrestrial broadcast, cable, and satellite. The ATVEF 1.0 Content Specification requires support for HTML 4.0, JavaScript 1.1, Cascading Style Sheets (CSS 1), and MIME extensions. Possible directions for future content levels include Dynamic HTML, synchronized multimedia, 3-D rendering, tuning, XML, Java, and higher-quality audio (Pignetti & Capria, 2001; ETV Cookbook, 2003a). CableLabs’ OpenCable project is an interoperability initiative supported by more than 400 cable television companies, software technology companies, and hardware manufacturers. The OpenCable Applications Platform (OCAP) is CableLabs’ middleware 93
specification. OCAP is intended to enable the developers of iTV services and applications to design products so that they will run successfully on any cable television system in North America, independent of set-top or television receiver hardware or operating system software choices. The OCAP 1.0 specification was released in December 2001, and OCAP 2.0 in April 2002. Both are available from the CableLabs Web site (http://www.opencable.com/specifications/). 4.2.9 Additional Resources The information presented here on television design standards represents an overview only. Additional resources can be found with the following resources: NTSC (http://www.ntsc-tv.com) Worldwide TV Standards - A Web Guide (http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Contrib/WorldTV) World Television Standards and DTV/HDTV (http://www.cybercollege.com/tvp009.htm) TV and HDTV Glossary (http://www.crutchfieldadvisor.com/ISEO- rgbtcspd/learningcenter/home/tv_glossary.html) 4.3 <strong>DESIGN</strong>ING <strong>FOR</strong> THE WEB A wealth of resources exist for interface design for the Web. The second edition of the Web Style Guide, available in print or online (http://www.webstyleguide.com), provides a thorough guide to design issues within this medium. In this section I will summarize some of the most important factors specific to the Web to keep in mind, from both a design and usability perspective, and provide some resources for additional information. 94
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INTERACTION DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR I
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This thesis would n
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2.3.3 Constraints 2.4 Electronic /
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4.2 Designing for Television 4.2.1
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Table 1.1 Table 1.2 Table 1.3 Table
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Figure 2.6 Figure 2.7 Figure 2.8 Fi
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Figure 5.4 Figure 5.5 Figure 5.6 Fi
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Figure 5.36 Figure 5.37 Figure 5.38
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SUMMARY Interactive television (iTV
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However, it is clear that televisio
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looking closely at existing designs
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For viewers with analog television
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Figure 1.3 Percent of Households wi
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interact with television shows by u
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New Media usage is dominated by 18
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Figure 1.6 Winky Dink and You The o
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1.4.1 BBC Interactive Figure 1.7 In
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1.4.2 Additional Examples Many othe
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Table 1.6 (continued). Greece Local
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Table 1.6 (continued). New Zealand
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using a combination of visual cultu
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CHAPTER 2 BROAD CATEGORIES OF ITV P
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Table 2.1 Categorization of iTV by
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capable of storing an enormous amou
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(c) Figure 2.2 Examples of Comcast
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(c) (d) Figure 2.3 Examples of Gems
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users to send email, chat, and surf
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2.6 WEB-BASED SYNCHRONOUS (TWO-SCRE
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interactive or enhanced content on
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Page 61 and 62: Networks have also used wireless de
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Page 67 and 68: Interactivity must be tied to origi
Page 69 and 70: CHAPTER 3 BROAD CATEGORIES OF ITV P
Page 71 and 72: information about the topic at hand
Page 73 and 74: said they would do so again in the
Page 75 and 76: 3.2.1 Representative Example in Spo
Page 77 and 78: (a) (b) Figure 3.3 Test the Nation
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Page 87 and 88: 3.7 SHOPPING Shopping, or purchasin
Page 89 and 90: - and as close to the regular exper
Page 91 and 92: CNN Crossfire, broadcast in front o
Page 93 and 94: Dramas may need to operate under a
Page 95 and 96: The participatory aspect of many pr
Page 97 and 98: 4.1.1 Grid-Based Design Grid-based
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Page 103 and 104: Figure 4.3 TV Aspect Ratios Althoug
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Page 107 and 108: 4.2.4 Line Width The image on a tel
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Page 115 and 116: Source: Human Factors International
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Page 119 and 120: media, among others. Figure 4.9 pro
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Page 125 and 126: Table 4.2 outlines some of the diff
Page 127 and 128: should be designed with the televis
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Page 131 and 132: CHAPTER 5 PRINCIPLES OF INTERACTION
Page 133 and 134: through… The computer’s spatial
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Page 141 and 142: History IQ focused on keeping the i
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Page 153 and 154: e voted off the island. In both cas
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Jakob Nielsen notes that users are
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(a) (b) Figure 5.22 TV411 Interface
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Figure 5.25 Life 360 Competing Elem
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(a) (b) (c) (d) Figure 5.28 Example
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epresentative of the red button tha
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Lamont brings up compelling advanta
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lower right-hand areas are privileg
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5.4 NAVIGATION Navigation pertains
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Figure 5.35 New Americans Orientati
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Figure 5.37 Test the Nation User In
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applications based on the televisio
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esearchers, “In many ways, the pa
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In Robert Miller’s classic user r
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ecycling bin from Windows, that sta
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importance (see chapter three). In
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Figure 5.46 Examples of Mobile Inte
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CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE DI
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Figure 6.2 Convergence of Entertain
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(a) Figure 6.3 Examples of MTV Hija
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television producers to create show
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user-centered design, incorporates
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Sheri Lamont, who has practiced and
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ecognition of outstanding achieveme
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REFERENCES Adams, M., Anand, P. & F
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Halle, T. (2003). Standards for int
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Norman, D. (2004) Emotional design:
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Thurrott, P. (2004, October 12). Wi
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BROADBAND A network capable of deli
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MEDIA CENTER Media centers, or PC T
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which a television and a personal c
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