INTERACTION DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR INTERACTIVE ...

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Figure 5.21 Wimbledon 2002 Interactive Promotion Because iTV is still a relatively new concept in the U.S., networks should not assume that viewers will know how to interact no matter how simple the interaction model is. To engage with an engaging and compelling experience, users must be motivated, challenged, or have their interests piqued – but more importantly, they must know that the interactive options exist and they must feel comfortable in knowing how to use it. In fact, the BBC attributes the success of many iTV programs such as Test the Nation and The Chelsea Flower Show foremost to effective promotion: “When presenters invite viewers to press the red key, the results are startling” (BBC Web site). 5.3 INTERFACE The interface of an iTV application is the visual look of the design on the television screen, computer monitor, or mobile device. The interface is the first and last part of the application that the viewer observes. Graphic and interface design is critical because it is about “creating meaning beyond the basic functionality… A great graphic design helps make a service emotionally engaging and aesthetically pleasing, helps signal how an application should be used, and helps boosts viewers’ enjoyment” (Gawlinski, 2003). 143
Jakob Nielsen notes that users are increasingly making rapid choices when faced with new interfaces: “they will immediately discard any interface that looks boring, obsolete, or too confusing. Think of home users flipping through 500 channels of cable TV and then multiply by a factor of several thousands to match the smorgasbord of options on the Internet, commercial subscription services, and major corporate nets… Each of these applications would at best have a minute or two in which to seduce the customer” (1995). Referring to their research on the dynamics of seductive interfaces, Skelly, et al, note that “Seductive interfaces encourage temporary mental disengagement from the ‘real world’ by presenting the mind with alternate, engaging activity. What conditions are necessary to produce this mental state? The first of these is a clear cut goal. The next condition is closure, or feedback – abundant, fast and easy to discern – that lets the participant know whether they are attaining those goals. Finally participants must feel challenged but also feel that their skills are equal to the challenge being presented (1994). In the previous section we discussed how C.S.I. Interactive allowed viewers to dive deeper into an alternate, engaging activity through the iTV application; the application would not have been as successful, however, had the interface design of the application not been so seamlessly and accurately crafted to reflect the world and mood of the show. Regardless of the platform, basic graphic design guidelines apply when we are talking about designing effective interfaces. If a design is too cluttered, for example, viewers are less likely to approach it with interest. In chapter four, I provided a comprehensive survey of information on layout grids, colors, grouping patterns, viewing patterns, and other important factors to keep in mind while designing the interface of an iTV application. 144
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INTERACTION DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR I
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This thesis would n
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2.3.3 Constraints 2.4 Electronic /
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4.2 Designing for Television 4.2.1
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Table 1.1 Table 1.2 Table 1.3 Table
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Figure 2.6 Figure 2.7 Figure 2.8 Fi
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Figure 5.4 Figure 5.5 Figure 5.6 Fi
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Figure 5.36 Figure 5.37 Figure 5.38
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SUMMARY Interactive television (iTV
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However, it is clear that televisio
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looking closely at existing designs
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For viewers with analog television
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Figure 1.3 Percent of Households wi
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interact with television shows by u
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New Media usage is dominated by 18
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Figure 1.6 Winky Dink and You The o
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1.4.1 BBC Interactive Figure 1.7 In
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1.4.2 Additional Examples Many othe
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Table 1.6 (continued). Greece Local
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Table 1.6 (continued). New Zealand
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using a combination of visual cultu
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CHAPTER 2 BROAD CATEGORIES OF ITV P
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Table 2.1 Categorization of iTV by
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capable of storing an enormous amou
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(c) Figure 2.2 Examples of Comcast
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(c) (d) Figure 2.3 Examples of Gems
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users to send email, chat, and surf
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2.6 WEB-BASED SYNCHRONOUS (TWO-SCRE
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interactive or enhanced content on
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they allow for greater versatility,
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Networks have also used wireless de
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The American Film Institute’s enh
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game consoles with televisions and
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Interactivity must be tied to origi
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CHAPTER 3 BROAD CATEGORIES OF ITV P
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information about the topic at hand
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said they would do so again in the
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3.2.1 Representative Example in Spo
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(a) (b) Figure 3.3 Test the Nation
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interactive TV betting service tota
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application was also available on t
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the ABC telecast throughout the eve
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platforms. The navigation is timeli
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3.7 SHOPPING Shopping, or purchasin
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- and as close to the regular exper
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CNN Crossfire, broadcast in front o
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Dramas may need to operate under a
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The participatory aspect of many pr
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4.1.1 Grid-Based Design Grid-based
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The Law of Similarity. Elements tha
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more visually pleasing, but can hel
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Figure 4.3 TV Aspect Ratios Althoug
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and graphics-safe areas for designi
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4.2.4 Line Width The image on a tel
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Page 115 and 116: Source: Human Factors International
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Page 119 and 120: media, among others. Figure 4.9 pro
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Page 125 and 126: Table 4.2 outlines some of the diff
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Page 131 and 132: CHAPTER 5 PRINCIPLES OF INTERACTION
Page 133 and 134: through… The computer’s spatial
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Page 175 and 176: 5.4 NAVIGATION Navigation pertains
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Page 191 and 192: Figure 5.46 Examples of Mobile Inte
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Page 203 and 204: Sheri Lamont, who has practiced and
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Page 207 and 208: REFERENCES Adams, M., Anand, P. & F
Page 209 and 210: Halle, T. (2003). Standards for int
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Norman, D. (2004) Emotional design:
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Thurrott, P. (2004, October 12). Wi
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BROADBAND A network capable of deli
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MEDIA CENTER Media centers, or PC T
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which a television and a personal c
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