INTERACTION DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR INTERACTIVE ...

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3.3 ENTERTAINMENT Entertainment programs, in particular game shows, are highly conducive to viewer interactivity because of their competitive nature. During a game show on television, iTV programming can allow viewers to play along by participating via a synchronous application on the Internet or by using a mobile device. Broadcasters can take the top iTV player scores and feed them back into the live TV broadcast in order to create a sense of community among players at home. This sense of community can be enhanced by allowing mobile players to chat with one another. Finally, a 24/7 version of the game can be made available to cultivate the community between broadcasts. Notably, a series of iTV events utilizing IQ tests (known as Test the Nation in many countries), enjoyed tremendous success around the world. During the live show, participants both live in the studio and at home could take an IQ test. Viewers at home were able to participate directly through set-top boxes, using mobile phones, on the Internet, or just using pen and paper. By the end of the show, viewers could calculate their own IQ scores. The event’s highest scorers, both in the studio and on the Internet, were identified. National IQ tests have been a huge success in every country they’ve been held, including the Netherlands, Belgium, Italy, France, the UK, Spain, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Turkey, Portugal, Norway, and New Zealand. For example, Test Australia: The National IQ Test 2002 was the highest rating program in Australia in 2002. The German version drew over 11 million viewers, and the BBC’s National IQ Test (see Figure 3.3) attracted well over nine million viewers. In the U.S., FOX’s Test the Nation in 2003 drew over 10 million viewers. Approximately half a million people from all fifty states participated online. 59
(a) (b) Figure 3.3 Test the Nation on BBC (a) and (b) These Test the Nation events allowed viewers to calculate their own IQ tests and come away with personalized information. However, this is possible to do at any time with a paper- or Internet-based IQ test. The element that made these iTV events so compelling for viewers was the idea that they were competing live with contestants in the studio, as well as against millions of other viewers across the country. The competitive nature of the interaction model and the community it created made Test the Nation a successful iTV event around the world. In the past few years, U.S.-based company Spiderdance, under the direction of Tracy Fullerton and Chris Swain, has created a series of iTV programming for game shows, including WebRIOT for MTV, History IQ for the History Channel, and the Weakest Link for NBC. All of these applications took advantage of the fact that viewers are increasingly using the Internet while watching television. Spiderdance’s applications were synchronized two-screen interactions where quiz content was delivered via the Web along with the related broadcast on television. ITV betting or gambling, already popular in many European markets, is another area of iTV entertainment that is beginning to emerge in the United States. European 60
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INTERACTION DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR I
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This thesis would n
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2.3.3 Constraints 2.4 Electronic /
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4.2 Designing for Television 4.2.1
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Table 1.1 Table 1.2 Table 1.3 Table
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Figure 2.6 Figure 2.7 Figure 2.8 Fi
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Figure 5.4 Figure 5.5 Figure 5.6 Fi
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Figure 5.36 Figure 5.37 Figure 5.38
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SUMMARY Interactive television (iTV
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However, it is clear that televisio
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looking closely at existing designs
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For viewers with analog television
Page 25 and 26: Figure 1.3 Percent of Households wi
Page 27 and 28: interact with television shows by u
Page 29 and 30: New Media usage is dominated by 18
Page 31 and 32: Figure 1.6 Winky Dink and You The o
Page 33 and 34: 1.4.1 BBC Interactive Figure 1.7 In
Page 35 and 36: 1.4.2 Additional Examples Many othe
Page 37 and 38: Table 1.6 (continued). Greece Local
Page 39 and 40: Table 1.6 (continued). New Zealand
Page 41 and 42: using a combination of visual cultu
Page 43 and 44: CHAPTER 2 BROAD CATEGORIES OF ITV P
Page 45 and 46: Table 2.1 Categorization of iTV by
Page 47 and 48: capable of storing an enormous amou
Page 49 and 50: (c) Figure 2.2 Examples of Comcast
Page 51 and 52: (c) (d) Figure 2.3 Examples of Gems
Page 53 and 54: users to send email, chat, and surf
Page 55 and 56: 2.6 WEB-BASED SYNCHRONOUS (TWO-SCRE
Page 57 and 58: interactive or enhanced content on
Page 59 and 60: they allow for greater versatility,
Page 61 and 62: Networks have also used wireless de
Page 63 and 64: The American Film Institute’s enh
Page 65 and 66: game consoles with televisions and
Page 67 and 68: Interactivity must be tied to origi
Page 69 and 70: CHAPTER 3 BROAD CATEGORIES OF ITV P
Page 71 and 72: information about the topic at hand
Page 73 and 74: said they would do so again in the
Page 75: 3.2.1 Representative Example in Spo
Page 79 and 80: interactive TV betting service tota
Page 81 and 82: application was also available on t
Page 83 and 84: the ABC telecast throughout the eve
Page 85 and 86: platforms. The navigation is timeli
Page 87 and 88: 3.7 SHOPPING Shopping, or purchasin
Page 89 and 90: - and as close to the regular exper
Page 91 and 92: CNN Crossfire, broadcast in front o
Page 93 and 94: Dramas may need to operate under a
Page 95 and 96: The participatory aspect of many pr
Page 97 and 98: 4.1.1 Grid-Based Design Grid-based
Page 99 and 100: The Law of Similarity. Elements tha
Page 101 and 102: more visually pleasing, but can hel
Page 103 and 104: Figure 4.3 TV Aspect Ratios Althoug
Page 105 and 106: and graphics-safe areas for designi
Page 107 and 108: 4.2.4 Line Width The image on a tel
Page 109 and 110: shapes, to make similar letters dis
Page 111 and 112: specification. OCAP is intended to
Page 113 and 114: pages. Web applications that exceed
Page 115 and 116: Source: Human Factors International
Page 117 and 118: working on a computer is not a soli
Page 119 and 120: media, among others. Figure 4.9 pro
Page 121 and 122: MSN TV 2, which Microsoft rolled ou
Page 123 and 124: with a handheld remote control from
Page 125 and 126: Table 4.2 outlines some of the diff
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should be designed with the televis
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Pages that appear in series, one af
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CHAPTER 5 PRINCIPLES OF INTERACTION
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through… The computer’s spatial
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medium. The current state of this e
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through the different elements offe
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y the wider context of the program
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History IQ focused on keeping the i
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een programs that were still in dev
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features of a DVD immediately after
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context where the learner is consci
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viewing experiences so that each vi
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(a) (b) Figure 5.10 TiVo WishList (
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e voted off the island. In both cas
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them so conducive to iTV programmin
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own content in ways similar to this
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In the first of a series of on-air
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Jakob Nielsen notes that users are
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(a) (b) Figure 5.22 TV411 Interface
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Figure 5.25 Life 360 Competing Elem
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(a) (b) (c) (d) Figure 5.28 Example
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epresentative of the red button tha
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Lamont brings up compelling advanta
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lower right-hand areas are privileg
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5.4 NAVIGATION Navigation pertains
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Figure 5.35 New Americans Orientati
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Figure 5.37 Test the Nation User In
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applications based on the televisio
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esearchers, “In many ways, the pa
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In Robert Miller’s classic user r
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ecycling bin from Windows, that sta
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importance (see chapter three). In
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Figure 5.46 Examples of Mobile Inte
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CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE DI
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Figure 6.2 Convergence of Entertain
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(a) Figure 6.3 Examples of MTV Hija
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television producers to create show
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user-centered design, incorporates
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Sheri Lamont, who has practiced and
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ecognition of outstanding achieveme
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REFERENCES Adams, M., Anand, P. & F
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Halle, T. (2003). Standards for int
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Norman, D. (2004) Emotional design:
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Thurrott, P. (2004, October 12). Wi
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BROADBAND A network capable of deli
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MEDIA CENTER Media centers, or PC T
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which a television and a personal c
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