INTERACTION DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR INTERACTIVE ...

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can be viewed in its linear form, or deconstructed for on-demand viewing of selected segments (American Film Institute, 2004). Figure 6.4 shows examples from the Living for the Weekend prototype. Figure 6.4 Examples from Living for the Weekend (a) and (b) With programming produced only to air online, the Web could very well become another medium to access interactive television content on demand. Neither the Hijack nor Living for the Weekend prototypes from the 2004 workshop were deployed following the workshop. However, they illustrate some new creative directions that iTV will venture into in the near future. 6.3 BUILDING COMMUNITY One of the most exciting aspects about iTV is its potential for convening large audiences, either by connecting existing communities around programs that traditionally enjoy a loyal following, or by creating new communities around programs and events through compelling interactivity. Tracy Swedlow forecasts that: (a) (b) Those producing ITV shows and applications, eventually, will soon discover that not one, but hundreds, thousands, or even millions of viewer interest groups will form around the context of shows – each with a different perspective, agenda, and style of communications. Ultimately, this will encourage and eventually require 181
television producers to create shows that consider the shared group communications dynamic experience (possibly for many related groups independently at once) and not the individual or the mass audience solely as a viewer unit. Community or public television in other words will, potentially, – at last – emerge when ITV technologies make video and data content a platform for discussion and participation (2000). As we discussed in chapter three, participation is one of the key elements inherent to television genres such as sports, dramas, and reality programs, where viewers are always eager to participate and weigh in with their opinions. And as we have seen in chapter five with examples such as CBS’ C.S.I. Interactive, and ABC’s Celebrity Mole: Yucatan, compelling interactive content can do a great deal in convening an audience around a television program. Ben Cunningham concurs with Swedlow regarding iTV’s potential to turn television into programs targeted at large special interest groups; this model of large- scale, conversation making, high-rating TV is what he calls “Event TV” (2003). According to Cunningham, “Interactive TV technology allows us to turn TV shows into events, because the public can now participate easier than ever before. Event TV is a great platform driving Interactive TV usage as it allows greater levels of participation, and gets the nation talking” (2003). In addition, this model of television broadcasting is well suited to multi-platform applications using the Web, TV, mobile and gaming devices. Michael Grade, the former chief executive of the U.K.’s Channel 4 Television, said that interactive television may be something to “make the event more eventful” (quoted in Gawlinski, 2003). While iTV convenes communities, it also promises to provide users with richer, more personalized entertainment. It will evolve toward new levels of social interaction, both through the network and in the future, directly with each other. Another model of community that may evolve in the realm of iTV is that of a peer-to-peer one. We have 182
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INTERACTION DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR I
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This thesis would n
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2.3.3 Constraints 2.4 Electronic /
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4.2 Designing for Television 4.2.1
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Table 1.1 Table 1.2 Table 1.3 Table
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Figure 2.6 Figure 2.7 Figure 2.8 Fi
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Figure 5.4 Figure 5.5 Figure 5.6 Fi
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Figure 5.36 Figure 5.37 Figure 5.38
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SUMMARY Interactive television (iTV
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However, it is clear that televisio
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looking closely at existing designs
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For viewers with analog television
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Figure 1.3 Percent of Households wi
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interact with television shows by u
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New Media usage is dominated by 18
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Figure 1.6 Winky Dink and You The o
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1.4.1 BBC Interactive Figure 1.7 In
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1.4.2 Additional Examples Many othe
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Table 1.6 (continued). Greece Local
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Table 1.6 (continued). New Zealand
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using a combination of visual cultu
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CHAPTER 2 BROAD CATEGORIES OF ITV P
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Table 2.1 Categorization of iTV by
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capable of storing an enormous amou
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(c) Figure 2.2 Examples of Comcast
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(c) (d) Figure 2.3 Examples of Gems
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users to send email, chat, and surf
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2.6 WEB-BASED SYNCHRONOUS (TWO-SCRE
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interactive or enhanced content on
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they allow for greater versatility,
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Networks have also used wireless de
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The American Film Institute’s enh
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game consoles with televisions and
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Interactivity must be tied to origi
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CHAPTER 3 BROAD CATEGORIES OF ITV P
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information about the topic at hand
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said they would do so again in the
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3.2.1 Representative Example in Spo
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(a) (b) Figure 3.3 Test the Nation
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interactive TV betting service tota
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application was also available on t
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the ABC telecast throughout the eve
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platforms. The navigation is timeli
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3.7 SHOPPING Shopping, or purchasin
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- and as close to the regular exper
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CNN Crossfire, broadcast in front o
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Dramas may need to operate under a
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The participatory aspect of many pr
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4.1.1 Grid-Based Design Grid-based
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The Law of Similarity. Elements tha
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more visually pleasing, but can hel
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Figure 4.3 TV Aspect Ratios Althoug
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and graphics-safe areas for designi
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4.2.4 Line Width The image on a tel
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shapes, to make similar letters dis
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specification. OCAP is intended to
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pages. Web applications that exceed
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Source: Human Factors International
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working on a computer is not a soli
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media, among others. Figure 4.9 pro
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MSN TV 2, which Microsoft rolled ou
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with a handheld remote control from
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Table 4.2 outlines some of the diff
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should be designed with the televis
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Pages that appear in series, one af
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CHAPTER 5 PRINCIPLES OF INTERACTION
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through… The computer’s spatial
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medium. The current state of this e
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through the different elements offe
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y the wider context of the program
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History IQ focused on keeping the i
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een programs that were still in dev
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features of a DVD immediately after
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Page 175 and 176: 5.4 NAVIGATION Navigation pertains
Page 177 and 178: Figure 5.35 New Americans Orientati
Page 179 and 180: Figure 5.37 Test the Nation User In
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Page 191 and 192: Figure 5.46 Examples of Mobile Inte
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Page 203 and 204: Sheri Lamont, who has practiced and
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Page 207 and 208: REFERENCES Adams, M., Anand, P. & F
Page 209 and 210: Halle, T. (2003). Standards for int
Page 211 and 212: Norman, D. (2004) Emotional design:
Page 213 and 214: Thurrott, P. (2004, October 12). Wi
Page 215 and 216: BROADBAND A network capable of deli
Page 217 and 218: MEDIA CENTER Media centers, or PC T
Page 219: which a television and a personal c
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