INTERACTION DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR INTERACTIVE ...

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These three elements are clearly not mutually exclusive from one another. For example, although it is possible for a program to enjoy a loyal following without having competitive elements, programs with strong competitive elements often draw a strong community, whether for the duration of a single event or through a prolonged series of episodes. These two elements combined can then be leveraged to engineer an even more successful iTV deployment. Major sporting events, which have typically enjoyed the most success in the iTV realm, may well be so successful because they offer a great deal of information, are driven by competition, and consistently have a large, loyal fan base. However, it is also important to note that these elements themselves do not lead naturally to successful iTV applications. Many other factors must fall into place – e.g., clean design, compelling interaction, good navigational scheme – before an iTV deployment might be successful. These three elements can only be thought of as inherent factors that make certain television genres more likely candidates for successful iTV programming. 3.2 SPORTS Major sporting events currently comprise the most popular and successful arena for interactive television programming. ITV applications can provide multistream viewing, trivia games, polling, on-demand access to statistics and other relevant information, and allow viewers to predict plays and calls. ABC Enhanced TV currently offers or has plans to offer interactivity for events such as Monday Night Football, The Bowl Championship Series, College Football, The Indianapolis 500, and The Super Bowl. During Super Bowl XXXIV, ABC’s Enhanced TV page attracted 650,000 visitors. In a subsequent survey conducted by ABC, 96 percent of viewers who visited the site 55
said they would do so again in the future (Swann, 2000). Similarly, Fox Sports has, for multiple seasons, added mobile enhancements to FOX Sports NFL, MLB, and NASCAR programming. FOX Sports’ broadcast of the 2002 Super Bowl was the first use of mobile phones in the U.S. for iTV. According to the BBC, multistream sports have proven to be an extremely successful arena of iTV programming. Multistream takes advantage of the fact that there are already multiple cameras filming at any given sporting event to allow users to choose from various video feeds, such as tennis games being played simultaneously on different courts, or the same game as viewed from multiple camera angles. Viewers are also able to choose from multiple streams of audio commentaries. Figure 3.1 (a) shows the iTV application for the Commonwealth Games in the U.K., where viewers can choose from three live events and two replays. Figure 3.1 (b), from the 34 th Ryder Cup in the U.K., illustrates that viewers are able to choose from multiple camera feeds, such as Master, Star Match, Key Holes, and Head to Head. (a) (b) Figure 3.1 Examples of Multistream Sports (a) and (b) 56
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INTERACTION DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR I
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This thesis would n
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2.3.3 Constraints 2.4 Electronic /
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4.2 Designing for Television 4.2.1
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Table 1.1 Table 1.2 Table 1.3 Table
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Figure 2.6 Figure 2.7 Figure 2.8 Fi
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Figure 5.4 Figure 5.5 Figure 5.6 Fi
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Figure 5.36 Figure 5.37 Figure 5.38
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SUMMARY Interactive television (iTV
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However, it is clear that televisio
Page 21 and 22: looking closely at existing designs
Page 23 and 24: For viewers with analog television
Page 25 and 26: Figure 1.3 Percent of Households wi
Page 27 and 28: interact with television shows by u
Page 29 and 30: New Media usage is dominated by 18
Page 31 and 32: Figure 1.6 Winky Dink and You The o
Page 33 and 34: 1.4.1 BBC Interactive Figure 1.7 In
Page 35 and 36: 1.4.2 Additional Examples Many othe
Page 37 and 38: Table 1.6 (continued). Greece Local
Page 39 and 40: Table 1.6 (continued). New Zealand
Page 41 and 42: using a combination of visual cultu
Page 43 and 44: CHAPTER 2 BROAD CATEGORIES OF ITV P
Page 45 and 46: Table 2.1 Categorization of iTV by
Page 47 and 48: capable of storing an enormous amou
Page 49 and 50: (c) Figure 2.2 Examples of Comcast
Page 51 and 52: (c) (d) Figure 2.3 Examples of Gems
Page 53 and 54: users to send email, chat, and surf
Page 55 and 56: 2.6 WEB-BASED SYNCHRONOUS (TWO-SCRE
Page 57 and 58: interactive or enhanced content on
Page 59 and 60: they allow for greater versatility,
Page 61 and 62: Networks have also used wireless de
Page 63 and 64: The American Film Institute’s enh
Page 65 and 66: game consoles with televisions and
Page 67 and 68: Interactivity must be tied to origi
Page 69 and 70: CHAPTER 3 BROAD CATEGORIES OF ITV P
Page 71: information about the topic at hand
Page 75 and 76: 3.2.1 Representative Example in Spo
Page 77 and 78: (a) (b) Figure 3.3 Test the Nation
Page 79 and 80: interactive TV betting service tota
Page 81 and 82: application was also available on t
Page 83 and 84: the ABC telecast throughout the eve
Page 85 and 86: platforms. The navigation is timeli
Page 87 and 88: 3.7 SHOPPING Shopping, or purchasin
Page 89 and 90: - and as close to the regular exper
Page 91 and 92: CNN Crossfire, broadcast in front o
Page 93 and 94: Dramas may need to operate under a
Page 95 and 96: The participatory aspect of many pr
Page 97 and 98: 4.1.1 Grid-Based Design Grid-based
Page 99 and 100: The Law of Similarity. Elements tha
Page 101 and 102: more visually pleasing, but can hel
Page 103 and 104: Figure 4.3 TV Aspect Ratios Althoug
Page 105 and 106: and graphics-safe areas for designi
Page 107 and 108: 4.2.4 Line Width The image on a tel
Page 109 and 110: shapes, to make similar letters dis
Page 111 and 112: specification. OCAP is intended to
Page 113 and 114: pages. Web applications that exceed
Page 115 and 116: Source: Human Factors International
Page 117 and 118: working on a computer is not a soli
Page 119 and 120: media, among others. Figure 4.9 pro
Page 121 and 122: MSN TV 2, which Microsoft rolled ou
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with a handheld remote control from
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Table 4.2 outlines some of the diff
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should be designed with the televis
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Pages that appear in series, one af
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CHAPTER 5 PRINCIPLES OF INTERACTION
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through… The computer’s spatial
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medium. The current state of this e
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through the different elements offe
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y the wider context of the program
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History IQ focused on keeping the i
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een programs that were still in dev
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features of a DVD immediately after
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context where the learner is consci
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viewing experiences so that each vi
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(a) (b) Figure 5.10 TiVo WishList (
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e voted off the island. In both cas
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them so conducive to iTV programmin
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own content in ways similar to this
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In the first of a series of on-air
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Jakob Nielsen notes that users are
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(a) (b) Figure 5.22 TV411 Interface
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Figure 5.25 Life 360 Competing Elem
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(a) (b) (c) (d) Figure 5.28 Example
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epresentative of the red button tha
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Lamont brings up compelling advanta
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lower right-hand areas are privileg
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5.4 NAVIGATION Navigation pertains
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Figure 5.35 New Americans Orientati
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Figure 5.37 Test the Nation User In
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applications based on the televisio
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esearchers, “In many ways, the pa
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In Robert Miller’s classic user r
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ecycling bin from Windows, that sta
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importance (see chapter three). In
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Figure 5.46 Examples of Mobile Inte
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CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE DI
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Figure 6.2 Convergence of Entertain
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(a) Figure 6.3 Examples of MTV Hija
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television producers to create show
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user-centered design, incorporates
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Sheri Lamont, who has practiced and
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ecognition of outstanding achieveme
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REFERENCES Adams, M., Anand, P. & F
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Halle, T. (2003). Standards for int
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Norman, D. (2004) Emotional design:
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Thurrott, P. (2004, October 12). Wi
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BROADBAND A network capable of deli
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MEDIA CENTER Media centers, or PC T
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which a television and a personal c
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