INTERACTION DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR INTERACTIVE ...

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2.8.2 Affordances Media center machines combine the television and the functionalities of the PC into a one-screen platform. Viewers can watch television as well as have full DVR control capabilities on a computer. In addition, interactive components are often easier to navigate with a mouse than with a remote. Media Centers allow users to have access to all of their media content on one platform. As with DVRs and VOD systems, Media Centers allow users to have a great deal of control over their viewing experiences. A more detailed analysis of media centers will be discussed in chapter four in the case study comparing Web TV to the Microsoft Media Center. 2.8.3 Constraints Because computer monitors have poorer resolution than television sets do, television broadcasts on a PC remain relatively poor in quality. The extent of interactivity is still relatively undefined on this platform; for example, media center systems cannot be used as a Web browser while in TV mode. Finally, because the system is hosted on a Windows machine, consumers do experience problems with the unexpectedness of system crashes. 2.9 MOBILE DEVICES The use of cellular and wireless devices in interactive television programming has mostly been limited to voting. The most popular application by far has been FOX’s American Idol, in which viewers can vote for their favorite contestants. Users can vote by either dialing a toll-free number or by sending an SMS via their cellular phones. The contest is, in fact, determined by viewer participation in the show. 43
Networks have also used wireless devices for the purposes of polling and for delivering content such as trivia. For example, a 2004 ABC primetime special on Sleep: How to Get the Rest of Your Life asked viewers to participate by answering sync-to- broadcast trivia via their cellular phones or via the Internet, with real time poll results displayed after each commercial break. 2.9.1 Representative Example: American Idol Figure 2.8 provides an example of the mobile interface for SMS voting. 2.9.2 Affordances Figure 2.8 American Idol SMS Voting The use of mobile devices in iTV takes advantage of the ubiquity of mobile devices in our lives. The interaction model is extremely simple, and because of the ease with which people can interact, programs such as American Idol garner extraordinarily high levels of audience participation. This model works particularly well for polling and voting purposes, particularly for programming such as sports and games shows, which are inherently competitive and in which audiences love to take part. Mobile devices take 44
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INTERACTION DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR I
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This thesis would n
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2.3.3 Constraints 2.4 Electronic /
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4.2 Designing for Television 4.2.1
Page 9 and 10: Table 1.1 Table 1.2 Table 1.3 Table
Page 11 and 12: Figure 2.6 Figure 2.7 Figure 2.8 Fi
Page 13 and 14: Figure 5.4 Figure 5.5 Figure 5.6 Fi
Page 15 and 16: Figure 5.36 Figure 5.37 Figure 5.38
Page 17 and 18: SUMMARY Interactive television (iTV
Page 19 and 20: However, it is clear that televisio
Page 21 and 22: looking closely at existing designs
Page 23 and 24: For viewers with analog television
Page 25 and 26: Figure 1.3 Percent of Households wi
Page 27 and 28: interact with television shows by u
Page 29 and 30: New Media usage is dominated by 18
Page 31 and 32: Figure 1.6 Winky Dink and You The o
Page 33 and 34: 1.4.1 BBC Interactive Figure 1.7 In
Page 35 and 36: 1.4.2 Additional Examples Many othe
Page 37 and 38: Table 1.6 (continued). Greece Local
Page 39 and 40: Table 1.6 (continued). New Zealand
Page 41 and 42: using a combination of visual cultu
Page 43 and 44: CHAPTER 2 BROAD CATEGORIES OF ITV P
Page 45 and 46: Table 2.1 Categorization of iTV by
Page 47 and 48: capable of storing an enormous amou
Page 49 and 50: (c) Figure 2.2 Examples of Comcast
Page 51 and 52: (c) (d) Figure 2.3 Examples of Gems
Page 53 and 54: users to send email, chat, and surf
Page 55 and 56: 2.6 WEB-BASED SYNCHRONOUS (TWO-SCRE
Page 57 and 58: interactive or enhanced content on
Page 59: they allow for greater versatility,
Page 63 and 64: The American Film Institute’s enh
Page 65 and 66: game consoles with televisions and
Page 67 and 68: Interactivity must be tied to origi
Page 69 and 70: CHAPTER 3 BROAD CATEGORIES OF ITV P
Page 71 and 72: information about the topic at hand
Page 73 and 74: said they would do so again in the
Page 75 and 76: 3.2.1 Representative Example in Spo
Page 77 and 78: (a) (b) Figure 3.3 Test the Nation
Page 79 and 80: interactive TV betting service tota
Page 81 and 82: application was also available on t
Page 83 and 84: the ABC telecast throughout the eve
Page 85 and 86: platforms. The navigation is timeli
Page 87 and 88: 3.7 SHOPPING Shopping, or purchasin
Page 89 and 90: - and as close to the regular exper
Page 91 and 92: CNN Crossfire, broadcast in front o
Page 93 and 94: Dramas may need to operate under a
Page 95 and 96: The participatory aspect of many pr
Page 97 and 98: 4.1.1 Grid-Based Design Grid-based
Page 99 and 100: The Law of Similarity. Elements tha
Page 101 and 102: more visually pleasing, but can hel
Page 103 and 104: Figure 4.3 TV Aspect Ratios Althoug
Page 105 and 106: and graphics-safe areas for designi
Page 107 and 108: 4.2.4 Line Width The image on a tel
Page 109 and 110: shapes, to make similar letters dis
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specification. OCAP is intended to
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pages. Web applications that exceed
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Source: Human Factors International
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working on a computer is not a soli
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media, among others. Figure 4.9 pro
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MSN TV 2, which Microsoft rolled ou
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with a handheld remote control from
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Table 4.2 outlines some of the diff
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should be designed with the televis
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Pages that appear in series, one af
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CHAPTER 5 PRINCIPLES OF INTERACTION
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through… The computer’s spatial
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medium. The current state of this e
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through the different elements offe
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y the wider context of the program
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History IQ focused on keeping the i
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een programs that were still in dev
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features of a DVD immediately after
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context where the learner is consci
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viewing experiences so that each vi
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(a) (b) Figure 5.10 TiVo WishList (
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e voted off the island. In both cas
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them so conducive to iTV programmin
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own content in ways similar to this
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In the first of a series of on-air
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Jakob Nielsen notes that users are
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(a) (b) Figure 5.22 TV411 Interface
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Figure 5.25 Life 360 Competing Elem
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(a) (b) (c) (d) Figure 5.28 Example
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epresentative of the red button tha
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Lamont brings up compelling advanta
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lower right-hand areas are privileg
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5.4 NAVIGATION Navigation pertains
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Figure 5.35 New Americans Orientati
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Figure 5.37 Test the Nation User In
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applications based on the televisio
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esearchers, “In many ways, the pa
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In Robert Miller’s classic user r
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ecycling bin from Windows, that sta
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importance (see chapter three). In
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Figure 5.46 Examples of Mobile Inte
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CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE DI
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Figure 6.2 Convergence of Entertain
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(a) Figure 6.3 Examples of MTV Hija
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television producers to create show
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user-centered design, incorporates
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Sheri Lamont, who has practiced and
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ecognition of outstanding achieveme
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REFERENCES Adams, M., Anand, P. & F
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Halle, T. (2003). Standards for int
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Norman, D. (2004) Emotional design:
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Thurrott, P. (2004, October 12). Wi
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BROADBAND A network capable of deli
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MEDIA CENTER Media centers, or PC T
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which a television and a personal c
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