Poverty and Human Development Report 2009 - UNDP in Tanzania

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POVERTY AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2009 Table 29: Citizen’s Views about the Involvement of Local Councillors in Corruption, 2005 and 2008 Response % of Total Sample 2005 2008 % of those with an opinion % of Total Sample % of those with an opinion None of them 19 30 15 18 Some 34 54 57 67 Most of them 7 11 10 12 All of them 3 5 3 4 Don’t know/haven’t heard enough 37 15 Total 100% 100% 100% 100% Source: Afrobarometer 2005 and 2008 Regulation of the Natural Resources Sector The natural resources sector is a potential driver of economic growth and poverty reduction in Tanzania. However, the sector must be carefully managed and regulated to ensure that Tanzania as a whole and the local communities directly involved derive maximum benefits from exploitation. Environmental standards must also be rigorously monitored and enforced. The MKUKUTA indicator – the total value of revenue received from concessions and licences for mining, forestry, fishing and wildlife as a percentage of their estimated economic value – seeks to assess the effectiveness and efficiency of revenue collection in the natural resources sector. Limited data is available for this indicator, but recent sector research indicates mismanagement and loss of revenues from natural resources, forestry and logging. 81 More data is expected in future years as a result of Tanzania joining the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI). The EITI is a coalition of governments, companies and civil society representatives to ensure that natural resources benefit all Tanzanians. It sets a global standard in transparency in the oil, gas and mining sectors, under which companies are required to publish what they pay and governments are required to disclose what they receive. Tanzania has met the four requirements for participation: i) committing to implement the EITI; ii) committing to work with civil society and the private sector; iii) appointing an individual to lead implementation (the Government has appointed the Minister of Energy and Minerals); and iv) producing a work plan that has been agreed with stakeholders (EITI). 81 See Jansen, 2009; Milledge, et al., 2007. 124
Goal 3 Effective Public Service Framework in Place to Provide Foundation for Service Delivery Improvements and Poverty Reduction Indicators of progress towards this goal are: • • Percentage of population reporting satisfaction with government services Percentage of population who found key service providers absent when they needed a service Percentage of Population Reporting Satisfaction with Government Services For this indicator, PHDR 2007 reported data from Views of the People 2007 and the Policy and Service Satisfaction Survey (PSSS) conducted in 2004. This year’s PHDR presents findings from the fourth round of the Afrobarometer survey conducted in 2008. 82 As part of the survey, participants were asked their perceptions on how well or badly the current government is handling essential social services – education, healthcare and water supply. Generally, Tanzanians reported that they are pleased with education, less happy with health services and unhappy with water services. Detailed findings are discussed in the following sections, and illustrated in Figure 48. Education The percentage of respondents who reported satisfaction with the government’s education services increased from 59% in 2001 to 86% in 2005, but declined slightly to 81% in 2008. By place of residence, rural residents were a little more satisfied with education than urban respondents, and men slightly more satisfied than women. Health As in education, the budget allocation to the health sector has continuously increased in recent years. 83 Since 2001, over 50% of respondents have reported a positive view about the government’s performance in the health sector. The highest level of satisfaction was reported in 2003 (73%) but has declined over the past two rounds of the Afrobarometer to 64% in 2008. Again, a greater percentage of rural respondents were satisfied with health services than urban residents, and more men than women. 82 The first three rounds were conducted in 2001, 2003 and 2005 respectively. 83 See Katera and Semboja, 2008. CHAPTER 1 - CLUSTER III - GOAL 3 125
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UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA POVERTY
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COnTEnTS List of Tables ...........
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MKUKUTA Cluster II: CONteNts Improv
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CONteNts Data.for.Monitoring.......
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CONteNts HOUSEHOLD OCCUPATION AND P
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Table 25: Table 26: Percent of Adul
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Figure 21: Figure 22: Percentage of
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LisT Of AbbREViATiONs AIDS Acquired
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PRSP Poverty Reduction Strategy Pap
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ExECUTIvE SUMMARy The Poverty and H
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in poverty. Nonetheless, the challe
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evise allocations based on identifi
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Monitoring Implications A comprehen
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eXeCUtiVe sUMMarY Good governance a
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Chapter Progress towards the goals
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GDP Growth by Sector the principal
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Figure 2: Sectoral Contribution to
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Chapter I CLUSter 1 Box 2: The Impa
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Household Income (Consumption) Pove
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Income Poverty and GDP Growth the 2
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although global oil and food prices
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Figure 6: FDI Inflows 2000-2008 (US
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orrow from outside tanzania, where
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Infrastructure Roads the condition
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quantity but also in quality. for i
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Chapter I CLUSter 1 GOaL 4 & 5 prop
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Customers Connected to Sources of E
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Cluster I Conclusions and Policy Im
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MKUKUTA INDICATORS - SUMMARY OF DAT
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Indicator Baseline Trend Target MKU
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MKUKUTA Cluster II: Improvement of
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Regional variations in enrolment ha
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CLUSTER II- GOAL 1 and/or not compl
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Pupil/Teacher Ratio Overall, the pu
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provision of housing, funding for w
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CLUSTER II- GOAL 1 Table 11: Primar
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Table 12: Benefit Incidence Analysi
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Figure 15: Infant and Under-Five Mo
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Figure 17: Prevalence of Malaria in
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Figure 19: Percentage of Children U
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Table 13: Indicators of Malnutritio
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CLUSTER II- GOAL 2 Ghana (Edmond et
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Figure 24: Percentage of Births Tak
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Figure 26: HIV Prevalence by Age Gr
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Figure 28: Projected Number of Adul
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Projections based on the model indi
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Access to Healthcare Services On th
Page 103 and 104: Health Services Development Strateg
Page 105 and 106: Figure 34: Access to Clean and Safe
Page 110 and 111: POVERTY AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPOR
Page 128 and 129: MKUKUTA INDICATORS - SUMMARY OF DAT
Page 130 and 131: Target Indicator Baseline Trend MKU
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Page 164 and 165: Indicator Baseline Trend Target MKU
Page 173 and 174: Chapter 2 An AnAlysis of household
Page 175 and 176: Composition of Consumption Consumpt
Page 177 and 178: the poverty line basket was valued
Page 179 and 180: Figure 50: Daily Caloric Intake per
Page 181 and 182: Figure 52: Poverty Incidence Curves
Page 183 and 184: Food share typically, a drop in the
Page 185 and 186: Liters per Adult Equivalent Kilogra
Page 187 and 188: Kilograms per Adult Equivalent 6 5
Page 189 and 190: Consumer Durables data from the hBs
Page 191 and 192: Additional data from the tanzania h
Page 193 and 194: Table 41: Percent of All Households
Page 195 and 196: Table 44: Percent of Males and Fema
Page 197 and 198: Table 46: Distribution of Household
Page 199: Conclusion Chapter 2 income poverty
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pOVertY aND hUMaN DeVeLOpMeNt repOr
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Chapter 2 Hoogeveen, J. & Ruhinduka
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Poverty and Human Development Report 2009 - UNDP in Tanzania

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