Poverty and Human Development Report 2009 - UNDP in Tanzania

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pOVertY aND hUMaN DeVeLOpMeNt repOrt 2009 1991/92 to 2000/01, when the rate of poverty in dar es salaam fell considerably, from 28.1 to 17.6%. in that same period, the rate of poverty fell also, but by less; in other urban areas, the poverty rate declined from 28.7 to 25.8%, while in rural areas, the poverty rate fell marginally from 40.8% in 1991/92 and 39.7% in 2000/01 (figure 49). poverty rates for rural households are more than twice the rates of dar es salaam, and since almost three-quarters of the population resides in rural areas, poverty remains a predominantly rural phenomenon. of the estimated 12.9 million poor people in Mainland tanzania, 10.7 million or 83% of the total reside in rural areas. Figure 49: Percentage of Households Living Below Basic Needs Poverty Line, Mainland Tanzania, 1991/92 to 2007, by Area of Residence % of Households 148 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 28.1 source: hBs 2007 Food Poverty 17.6 16.4 28.7 25.8 24.1 Dar es Salaam Other urban areas Rural areas Mainland Tanzania Area of residence 40.8 38.7 1991/92 2000/01 2007 A clear indicator of extreme poverty is when a household has insufficient food to meet the minimum caloric requirements of all household members. figure 50 shows information about calories consumed by households, by wealth status, derived from hBs data on food consumed by households and expressed in terms of adult equivalents. the figure illustrates that between 2000/01 and 2007 calorie intake increased, albeit very marginally for the poorest 40% of households. results further indicate that about 25% of the population do not consume enough calories to carry out light work, while 50% of the population do not consume sufficient calories required for heavy work, such as farming and labouring. yet, it is the poorest households who are most likely to be involved in physically strenuous activity and need greater calorie intake. therefore, large numbers of people are unable to live up to their productive potential because of inadequate caloric intake. 37.6 38.6 35.7 33.6
Figure 50: Daily Caloric Intake per Adult Equivalent, by Household Wealth Percentile, 2000/01 and 2007 Daily Food Consuption in Calories per Adult Equivalent 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 1,000 0 source: hoogeveen et al., 2009 calorie requirement for heavy work 2007 0 20 40 60 80 100 Wealth Perntiles (from Poorest to Least Poor Households) Chapter 2 2000/01 in addition, many tanzanians have undiversified diets that are low in animal products and high in plant sources. undiversified diets put individuals’ health at risk of vitamin and mineral deficiencies. poor households are at particular risk: the poorest obtain 60-65% of their total caloric intake from food grains (figure 51). 149
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UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA POVERTY
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COnTEnTS List of Tables ...........
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MKUKUTA Cluster II: CONteNts Improv
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CONteNts Data.for.Monitoring.......
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CONteNts HOUSEHOLD OCCUPATION AND P
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Table 25: Table 26: Percent of Adul
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Figure 21: Figure 22: Percentage of
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LisT Of AbbREViATiONs AIDS Acquired
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PRSP Poverty Reduction Strategy Pap
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ExECUTIvE SUMMARy The Poverty and H
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in poverty. Nonetheless, the challe
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evise allocations based on identifi
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Monitoring Implications A comprehen
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eXeCUtiVe sUMMarY Good governance a
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Chapter Progress towards the goals
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GDP Growth by Sector the principal
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Figure 2: Sectoral Contribution to
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Chapter I CLUSter 1 Box 2: The Impa
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Household Income (Consumption) Pove
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Income Poverty and GDP Growth the 2
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although global oil and food prices
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Figure 6: FDI Inflows 2000-2008 (US
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orrow from outside tanzania, where
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Infrastructure Roads the condition
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quantity but also in quality. for i
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Chapter I CLUSter 1 GOaL 4 & 5 prop
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Customers Connected to Sources of E
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Cluster I Conclusions and Policy Im
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MKUKUTA INDICATORS - SUMMARY OF DAT
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Indicator Baseline Trend Target MKU
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MKUKUTA Cluster II: Improvement of
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Regional variations in enrolment ha
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CLUSTER II- GOAL 1 and/or not compl
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Pupil/Teacher Ratio Overall, the pu
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provision of housing, funding for w
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CLUSTER II- GOAL 1 Table 11: Primar
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Table 12: Benefit Incidence Analysi
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Figure 15: Infant and Under-Five Mo
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Figure 17: Prevalence of Malaria in
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Figure 19: Percentage of Children U
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Table 13: Indicators of Malnutritio
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CLUSTER II- GOAL 2 Ghana (Edmond et
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Figure 24: Percentage of Births Tak
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Figure 26: HIV Prevalence by Age Gr
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Figure 28: Projected Number of Adul
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Projections based on the model indi
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Access to Healthcare Services On th
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Health Services Development Strateg
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Figure 34: Access to Clean and Safe
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POVERTY AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPOR
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Page 128 and 129: MKUKUTA INDICATORS - SUMMARY OF DAT
Page 130 and 131: Target Indicator Baseline Trend MKU
Page 136 and 137: Sources: a = various sources as ind
Page 138 and 139: POVERTY AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPOR
Page 164 and 165: Indicator Baseline Trend Target MKU
Page 173 and 174: Chapter 2 An AnAlysis of household
Page 175 and 176: Composition of Consumption Consumpt
Page 177: the poverty line basket was valued
Page 181 and 182: Figure 52: Poverty Incidence Curves
Page 183 and 184: Food share typically, a drop in the
Page 185 and 186: Liters per Adult Equivalent Kilogra
Page 187 and 188: Kilograms per Adult Equivalent 6 5
Page 189 and 190: Consumer Durables data from the hBs
Page 191 and 192: Additional data from the tanzania h
Page 193 and 194: Table 41: Percent of All Households
Page 195 and 196: Table 44: Percent of Males and Fema
Page 197 and 198: Table 46: Distribution of Household
Page 199: Conclusion Chapter 2 income poverty
Page 202 and 203: pOVertY aND hUMaN DeVeLOpMeNt repOr
Page 220: Chapter 2 Hoogeveen, J. & Ruhinduka
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Poverty and Human Development Report 2009 - UNDP in Tanzania

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