Poverty and Human Development Report 2009 - UNDP in Tanzania

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POVERTY AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2009 Table 14: Percentage of Births taking place in a Health Facility, by Mother’s Characteristics 62 Mainland Tanzania 49% Residence Urban 81% Rural 39% Mother’s Education None 32% Primary incomplete 42% Primary complete 53% Secondary + 85% Wealth Quintile Poorest 32% 2 nd 37% 3 rd 39% 4 th 54% Least Poor 86% Source: TDHS 2004/05, based on births in the five years preceding the survey Just over 80% of urban women deliver in a health facility, compared with 39% of rural women. Across regions, the facility-based deliveries ranged from 28% in Shinyanga to 91% in Dar es Salaam (Figure 24). A recently published study also found that Tanzanian women would prefer to deliver at a health facility but commonly faced multiple barriers in accessing facility-based delivery, including the costs of preparing for delivery, the distance to the closest facility, the lack of affordable transport at the time of labour, and the formal and informal charges incurred for delivery at a facility. Women were still routinely instructed by health workers to purchase and bring basic medical supplies for delivery, a rubber mat for delivery, rubber gloves for the birth attendants, razor blades, and thread for stitching. Participants also related that they commonly had to collect and/or bring water, and carry lamps and kerosene for light. Women often had little or no option but to deliver at home (CARE International in Tanzania and Women’s Dignity, 2009).
Figure 24: Percentage of Births Taking Place in a Health Facility, by Region, 2007 % of births 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 28 Shinyanga 37 39 40 40 41 Manyara Mara Tabora Mbeya Rukwa 44 45 45 46 Mtwara Mwanza Arusha Kagera 49 Tanga Region 50 Dodoma 57 59 60 Kigoma Singida Pwani 67 67 68 Source: Zonal RCH reports of institutional deliveries by region as percentage of expected births by region, 2007 Moreover, the presence of a nearby health facility is not enough. PHDR 2007 documented the extremely limited availability of basic and/or comprehensive obstetric emergency care, even in hospitals and health centres. To rapidly reduce the high levels of maternal and neonatal mortality, President Kikwete launched the ‘National Road Map Strategic Plan to Accelerate Reduction of Maternal, Newborn and Child Deaths in Tanzania’ (also known as ‘One Plan’), in April 2008. ‘One Plan’ aims to reduce maternal mortality by three-quarters from 578 to 193 deaths/100,000 live births and neonatal mortality to 19 deaths/1,000 live births by 2015. Key operational targets include: i) Increasing coverage of births by skilled attendants from 46% to 80%; ii) Expanding coverage of basic emergency obstetric care from 5% of health centres and dispensaries to 70%, and coverage of comprehensive emergency obstetric care to all hospitals; iii) Increasing the proportion of health facilities offering Essential Newborn Care to 75%; and iv) Increasing exclusive breastfeeding from 41% to 80% (MoHSW, 2008). Lindi Ruvuma Morogoro CLUSTER II- GOAL 2 However, the allocation of physical, financial and human resources under ‘One Plan’ has only begun. Investment and implementation will need to be accelerated rapidly to achieve the targets by 2015. 76 Iringa 79 Kilimanjaro 91 Dar es Salaam 63
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UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA POVERTY
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COnTEnTS List of Tables ...........
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MKUKUTA Cluster II: CONteNts Improv
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CONteNts Data.for.Monitoring.......
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CONteNts HOUSEHOLD OCCUPATION AND P
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Table 25: Table 26: Percent of Adul
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Figure 21: Figure 22: Percentage of
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LisT Of AbbREViATiONs AIDS Acquired
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PRSP Poverty Reduction Strategy Pap
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ExECUTIvE SUMMARy The Poverty and H
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in poverty. Nonetheless, the challe
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evise allocations based on identifi
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Monitoring Implications A comprehen
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eXeCUtiVe sUMMarY Good governance a
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Chapter Progress towards the goals
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GDP Growth by Sector the principal
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Figure 2: Sectoral Contribution to
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Chapter I CLUSter 1 Box 2: The Impa
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Page 43 and 44: Income Poverty and GDP Growth the 2
Page 45 and 46: although global oil and food prices
Page 47 and 48: Figure 6: FDI Inflows 2000-2008 (US
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Page 51 and 52: Infrastructure Roads the condition
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Page 55 and 56: Chapter I CLUSter 1 GOaL 4 & 5 prop
Page 57 and 58: Customers Connected to Sources of E
Page 59 and 60: Cluster I Conclusions and Policy Im
Page 61 and 62: MKUKUTA INDICATORS - SUMMARY OF DAT
Page 63 and 64: Indicator Baseline Trend Target MKU
Page 69 and 70: MKUKUTA Cluster II: Improvement of
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Page 75 and 76: Pupil/Teacher Ratio Overall, the pu
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Page 81 and 82: Table 12: Benefit Incidence Analysi
Page 83 and 84: Figure 15: Infant and Under-Five Mo
Page 85 and 86: Figure 17: Prevalence of Malaria in
Page 87 and 88: Figure 19: Percentage of Children U
Page 89 and 90: Table 13: Indicators of Malnutritio
Page 91: CLUSTER II- GOAL 2 Ghana (Edmond et
Page 95 and 96: Figure 26: HIV Prevalence by Age Gr
Page 97 and 98: Figure 28: Projected Number of Adul
Page 99 and 100: Projections based on the model indi
Page 101 and 102: Access to Healthcare Services On th
Page 103 and 104: Health Services Development Strateg
Page 105 and 106: Figure 34: Access to Clean and Safe
Page 110 and 111: POVERTY AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPOR
Page 128 and 129: MKUKUTA INDICATORS - SUMMARY OF DAT
Page 130 and 131: Target Indicator Baseline Trend MKU
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POVERTY AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT REPOR
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Indicator Baseline Trend Target MKU
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Chapter 2 An AnAlysis of household
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Composition of Consumption Consumpt
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the poverty line basket was valued
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Figure 50: Daily Caloric Intake per
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Figure 52: Poverty Incidence Curves
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Food share typically, a drop in the
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Liters per Adult Equivalent Kilogra
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Kilograms per Adult Equivalent 6 5
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Consumer Durables data from the hBs
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Additional data from the tanzania h
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Table 41: Percent of All Households
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Table 44: Percent of Males and Fema
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Table 46: Distribution of Household
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Conclusion Chapter 2 income poverty
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pOVertY aND hUMaN DeVeLOpMeNt repOr
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Chapter 2 Hoogeveen, J. & Ruhinduka
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Poverty and Human Development Report 2009 - UNDP in Tanzania

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