GAP-JOURNAL 2012/13 - AFA

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Within the EU-12, particularly the first generation wind energy markets (i.e. Bulgaria,
Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Romania) are supposed toaccount for about 85%
(13.4 GW) ofthe capacity additions estimate. The forecast for the remaining seven
countries shows acombined cumulative wind capacity of 2.4 GW by 2020. Comparing
the NREAPs growth projections for installed wind energy capacity and the actual
growth in installations in the emerging European markets, the newer Member States are
currently off target with 4,197 MW of installed capacity compared to the targeted 4392
MW (-4.4%). Amongst the newer Member States the five major markets are slightly
less offtarget (-4.3%)than the seven other EU-12 countries. (EWEA 2013: 15-16)
Wind Energy inEmerging Europebeyond the Borders of theEU
Wind energy markets have also seen apositive development inEmerging European
countries beyond the borders of the EU. While Croatia (installed capacity of 131 MW at
the end of 2011) and Ukraine (151 MW) began developing wind power in the mid-
2000s, Russia, acountry with ahuge wind power potential, had only15MWinstalled at
the end of 2011 with no growth reported for adecade. Turkey, with acompound annual
growth rate (CAGR) of72% since 2006, had almost 1,800 MWofinstalled wind power
capacity atthe end of2011 (+9,000% since 2005). Turkey isthe biggest wind power
market in Central and Eastern Europe with amarket share in the region of86% in 2011.
Serbia might become the next big wind power market in the Balkan region, even though
no wind power installations were in place atthe end of2011. However, wind farms
totaling 150 MW have already been permitted and some others are about tostart the
permitting process. In general, there is alarge potential for wind energy across the
European continent. However, stable policies and sound support mechanisms are
needed to ensure steadygrowth. (EWEA2013: 17-18)
In the following, anoverview ofthe wind power situation inthe Central and Eastern
European EU-12 countries is provided. Reference is also made to the situation inTurkey
due to its role as leading emerging European wind power market. The countries
illustrated are split into first generation and potential wind power markets, depending on
various aspects (e.g. political impetus, support mechanisms, orregulatoryframework).