Biological Control of Insect Pests: Southeast Asian Prospects - EcoPort

The more important parasitoids
4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 251
The names of a number of species are now different from those used by
earlier authors. To enable cross referencing with those used in Table 4.13.1,
the older names are shown below, together with a summary of information
available on the biology of the more important species.
Callitula viridicoxa (= Eurydinotellus viridicoxa = Polycystomyia
beneficia) Hym.: Eurytomidae
Chrysonotomyia (= Achrysocharis) douglasi Hym.: Eulophidae
Chrysonotomyia ?erythraea Hym.: Eulophidae
Chrysonotomyia formosa Hym.: Eulophidae
The two latter species are widely distributed primary parasitoids attacking
bean fly infesting Crotalaria in Ethiopia, parasitisation ranging from 0% to
8.7% (average 2.6%). C. formosa has also been recorded from Liriomyza
trifolii infesting beans in Guam (Schreiner et al. 1986; Abate 1991).
Cynipoide sp. Hym.: Cynipoidea
This parasitoid has only been reported from Java, where Goot (1930) found,
from 90 samplings between 1919 and 1923, that it constituted 40% of the
parasitoids reared, although the level of parasitisation varied greatly. It also
emerged from puparia of Melanagromyza sojae and M. dolichostigma. It
occurred in both tropical lowland and cool highland conditions.
Euderus sp. Hym.: Eulophidae
A tentative assignation as Euderus ?sp. was made by Napompeth (1994) of
the tiny eulophid recorded by Burikam (1978) and Burikam and Napompeth
(1979). More than one parasitoid could be produced per bean fly host. The
female parasitoid oviposited in the first instar host larva and pupation
occurred during the hostÕs third instar, either within or alongside the host.
The pupal stage averaged 7 days (Burikam 1978).
Eurytoma poloni Hym.: Eurytomidae
This parasitoid has been recorded from Indonesia, Malaysia and the
Philippines, but little is known of its biology. It was recorded only once in
Java from Ophiomyia phaseoli so it is clearly not an important parasitoid of
the bean fly there. In fact, it generally emerges from Melanagromyza
dolichostigma. Adults live 22 to 28 days (Goot 1930).
Fopius sp. Hym.: Braconidae
This was referred to as Biosteres sp. by Burikam (1978) and Burikam and
Napompeth (1979), but altered to Fopius sp. by Napompeth (1994). Adults
emerged from bean fly puparia (one per host) and mated on the first day.
Within two days 27 mature and immature eggs could be counted per female.