Biological Control of Insect Pests: Southeast Asian Prospects - EcoPort

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References 467 Vinson, S.B. and Stoltz, D.B. 1986. Cross protection experiments with two parasitoid (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) viruses. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 79: 216Ð218. Všlkl, W., Stechmann, D.H. and Starù, P. 1990. Suitability of five species of Aphidiidae for the biological control of the banana aphid Pentalonia nigronervosa Coq. (Homoptera, Aphididae) in the South Pacific. Tropical Pest Management 36: 249Ð257. Vožte, A.D. 1932. Een nieuw geval van bestridjding van een insectenplaag met behulp van een inheemschen parasiet (Ageniaspis sp. parasiet van Phyllocnistis citrella Staint.). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 75(supplement): 128Ð135. Vožte, A.D. 1934. De djerock-mineerups (Phyllocnistis citrella St.). Korte Mededeelingen van het Instituut voor Plantenziekten 19. 38pp. Vožte, A.D. 1935. Der Einfluss von Ageniaspis sp. auf ihren Wirt, Phyllocnistis citrella St., unter verschiedenen (mikro) klimatischen VerhŠltnissen. Archives NŽerlandaises Zoologie 1: 354Ð372. Vožte, A.D. 1936. The injury done to mango trees by fruit-eating insects (In Dutch). Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch-Indi‘ 96: 139Ð144. VoegelŽ, J. 1961. Contribution ˆ l'Žtude de la biologie des hymŽnopt res oophages des punaises des cŽrŽales au Maroc. Cahiers de la Recherche Agronomique 14: 69Ð70 (in Hokkanen 1986). Wadhi, S.R. and Batra, H.N. 1964. Pests of tropical and sub-tropical fruit trees. In: Entomology in India 1938Ð1963. Silver Jubilee Number of the Indian Journal of Entomology, p. 247. Waite, G.K. 1980. The basking behaviour of Nezara viridula L. (Pentatomidae: Hemiptera) on soybeans and its implications in control. Journal of the Australian Entomological Society 19: 157Ð159. Walker, A.K. and Deitz, L.L. 1979. A review of entomopathogenic insects in the Cook Islands. New Zealand Entomologist 7: 70Ð82. Walker, J.T. and Turnipseed, S.G. 1976. Predatory activity, reproductive potential and longevity of Geocoris spp. treated with insecticides. Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society 11: 266Ð271. Wall, R. and Berberet, R.C. 1974. The life cycle of Euplectrus platyhypenae, a gregarious external parasitoid of peanut foliage feeders in Oaklahoma. Environmental Entomology 3: 744Ð746. Wall, R. and Berberet, R.C. 1975. Parasitoids associated with lepidopterous pests on peanuts. Oklahoma fauna. Environmental Entomology 4: 887Ð892. Wallace, R. 1937. The banana beetle borer: Investigations and control measures. Agricultural Gazette of New South Wales 48: 621Ð623, 638.
468 Biological Control of Insect Pests: Southeast Asian Prospects Wang, F.C., Zhang, S.Y. and Hou, S.R. 1985. Inoculative release of Trichogramma dendrolimi in vegetable gardens to regulate populations of cotton pests (in Chinese, English summary). Chinese Journal of Biological Control 1(4): 2Ð7. Wang, F.C., Zhang, S.Y. and Hou, S.R. 1988. Inoculative release of Trichogramma dendrolimi in vegetable gardens to regulate populations of cotton pests. Colloques de l'INRA 43: 613Ð619. Wang, Y. and Gong, X.C. 1987. Notes on the introduced predator, Podisus maculiventris, in Anhui and Beijing (in Chinese, English summary). Chinese Journal of Biological Control 3: 81Ð83. Ware, A. 1994. The biology and control of citrus leafminer. Citrus Journal 4(4): 26Ð28. Warren, A.D. 1990. Predation of five species of Noctuidae at ultraviolet light by the western yellowjacket (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Journal of the Lepidopterists Society 44: 32. Waterhouse, D.F. 1985. The occurrence of major invertebrate and weed pests in the South West Pacific. In: P. Ferrar and D. Stechmann, ed., Proceedings of a Workshop on the Biological Control of Pests in the South West Pacific. ACIAR/GTZ and the Government of Tonga. 17Ð25 October 1985. Vaini, Tonga. Waterhouse, D.F. 1991. Guidelines for biological control projects in the Pacific. South Pacific Commission Information Document 57. South Pacific Commission Noumea, New Caledonia, 30pp. Waterhouse, D.F. 1993a. Biological control: a viable strategy for the tropics. In: P.A.C. Ooi, G.S. Lim and P.S. Teng, ed., Biological Control: Issues in the Tropics, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 1Ð13. Waterhouse, D.F. 1993b. The Major Arthropod Pests and Weeds of Agriculture in Southeast Asia: Distribution, Importance and Origin. ACIAR, Canberra, Australia. 141pp. Waterhouse, D.F. 1994. Biological Control of Weeds: Southeast Asian Prospects. ACIAR, Canberra, Australia, 302pp. Waterhouse, D.F. 1995. Survey of Pacific invertebrate pests and weeds. Unpublished ACIAR report. 25pp. Waterhouse, D.F. 1997. The Major Invertebrate Pests and Weeds of Agriculture and Plantation Forestry in the Southern and Western Pacific. ACIAR, Canberra, Australia. 93pp. Waterhouse, D.F. and Norris, K.R. 1987. Biological Control: Pacific Prospects. Inkata Press, Melbourne. 454pp. Waterhouse, D.F. and Norris, K.R. 1989. Biological Control: Pacific Prospects. Supplement 1. ACIAR, Canberra. 118pp.
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Biological Control of Insect Pests:
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ii The Australian Centre for Intern
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iv 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 Natural enem
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vi 4.14 4.15 4.16 Phyllocnistis cit
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1 Abstract Introduction 1 Biologica
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3 Introduction Introduction 3 Water
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Figure 1. Introduction 5 integratio
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Introduction 7 necessary those used
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10 Biological Control of Insect Pes
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Table 4.1.1 Natural enemies of Agri
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Table 4.2.1 Average figures (days)
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Table 4.2.2 Natural enemies of Anom
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Table 4.2.2 (contÕd) Natural enemi
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Table 3 Order No. of +s 26 1. 41 2.
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4.4 Aphis gossypii India Myanmar ++
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Host plants Damage 4.4 Aphis gossyp
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4.4 Aphis gossypii the abundance of
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) HYMENOPTERA A
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) HYMENOPTERA A
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids o
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids o
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 59 Under humid c
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Table 4.4.3 Releases for the biolog
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 63 that the lyco
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IRAQ ISRAEL 4.4 Aphis gossypii 65 d
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 67 Lysiphlebus t
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USA USSR 4.4 Aphis gossypii 69 Lysi
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 71 the posterior
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 73 Aphidius cole
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 75 Ephedrus plag
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 77 as attacking
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Diptera 4.4 Aphis gossypii 79 insta
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 81 probing) of s
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 83 open fields w
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Table 4.5.1 Insect predators of Cos
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Table 4.5.1 (contÕd) Insect predat
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Table 4.5.2 Introductions for the b
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Table 4.5.2 (contÕd) Introductions
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100 Biological Control of Insect Pe
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Table 4.7.2 (contÕd) Diaphorina ci
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Table 4.7.4 (contÕd) Hyperparasito
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Table 4.7.5 (contÕd) Hyperparsitoi
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4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes India 20°
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Biology 4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes 14
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Natural enemies 4.9 Dysmicoccus bre
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Table 4.9.2 Introductions for the b
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Table 4.9.2 (contÕd) Introductions
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4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes 153 INDONE
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TRINIDAD USA 4.9 Dysmicoccus brevip
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei India 20°
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Biology 4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 15
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 161 tissue
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Host plants 4.10 Hypothenemus hampe
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 165 the en
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 167 remain
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Table 4.10.1 (contÕd) Natural enem
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Asia 4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 171 C
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Table 4.10.2 (contÕd) Introduction
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 175 relati
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 177 to 30%
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 179 P. nas
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 181 Planta
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 183 Asian
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Table 4.11.1 Development times, and
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Table 4.11.2 Natural enemies of Leu
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4.12 Nezara viridula India Myanmar
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Biology Damage 4.12 Nezara viridula
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4.12 Nezara viridula 201 which cons
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Table 4.12.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids
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4.12 Nezara viridula 209 attracted
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Table 4.12.2 Introductions for the
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4.12 Nezara viridula 217 Doubt has
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4.12 Nezara viridula 219 Africa and
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BRAZIL 4.12 Nezara viridula 221 par
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4.12 Nezara viridula 223 parasitisa
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4.12 Nezara viridula 225 Anastatus
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THAILAND TONGA USA VANUATU 4.12 Nez
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4.12 Nezara viridula 229 Gryon sp.
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4.12 Nezara viridula 231 reproducti
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4.12 Nezara viridula 233 Ectophasio
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli India Myanm
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Biology Host plants 4.13 Ophiomyia
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Natural enemies 4.13 Ophiomyia phas
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EGYPT ETHIOPIA 4.13 Ophiomyia phase
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 247 Three a
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Attempts at biological control 4.13
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The more important parasitoids 4.13
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 253 its hos
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Comment 4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 255
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The Major Invertebrate Pests and We
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4.15 Planococcus citri India 20° M
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Biology Host plants 4.15 Planococcu
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Table 4.15.1 Predators of Planococc
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Table 4.15.1 (contÕd) Predators of
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Table 4.15.1 (contÕd) Predators of
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Table 4.15.2 Parasitoids of Planoco
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4.15 Planococcus citri 299 The ency
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BRAZIL CHILE CHINA CUBA CYPRUS FRAN
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ISRAEL 4.15 Planococcus citri 303 R
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4.15 Planococcus citri 305 When the
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Table 4.15.4 Introductions for the
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Biology of important natural enemie
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4.15 Planococcus citri 313 Diomus p
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Comments 4.15 Planococcus citri 315
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni India 20° Mya
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Host plants 4.16 Trichoplusia ni 31
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 321 describing
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Table 4.16.2 (contÕd) Some predato
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Table 4.16.2 (contÕd) Some predato
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 335 Introducti
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 337 Table 4.16
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Table 4.16.6 Natural enemies of Tri
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 341 It was sug
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 343 13.85 days
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 345 Voria rura
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 347 when 2nd o
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5 References 349 Abasa, R.O. 1975.
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References 351 Alfaro, F., Garcia-M
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References 353 Argyriou, L.C. 1970.
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References 355 Ayoub, M.A. 1960. Ph
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References 357 Barrera, J.F., Gomez
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References 359 Beattie, G.A.C. and
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References 361 Berkani, A. 1995. Re
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References 363 Boling, J.C. and Pit
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References 365 Brun, L.O., Marcilla
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References 367 Cantrell, B.K. 1984.
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References 369 Cenda-a, S.M., Gabri
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References 371 Chien, C.C., Chu, Y.
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References 373 CIE 1985. Distributi
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References 375 Compere, H. 1939. Me
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References 377 Crouzel, I.S. and Sa
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References 379 De Oliveira Filho, M
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References 381 Ding, Y., Li, M. and
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References 383 Elliott, N.C., Frenc
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References 385 Ferreira, A.J. and B
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References 387 Foerster, L.A., Quei
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References 389 Garcia, A. and Barri
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References 391 Godin, C. and Boivin
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References 393 Guido, A.S. and Ruff
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References 395 Hayat, M. and Lin, K
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References 397 Hofmaster, R.N. 1961
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References 399 Huo, S.T., Wei, Z.G.
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References 401 Jackson, C.G., Neema
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References 403 Jones, W.A. 1979. Th
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References 405 Kester, K.M., Smith,
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References 407 Komazaki, S. 1993. B
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References 409 Kushida, T., Katagir
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References 411 Lee, S.C., Yoo, J.K.
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References 413 Liljesthršm, G.G. 1
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References 415 Lo, K.C. and Chiu, S
Page 392 and 393: References 417 Manjunath, T.M. 1972
Page 394 and 395: References 419 McCutcheon, G.S. and
Page 396 and 397: References 421 Michael, P.J. 1981.
Page 398 and 399: References 423 Moreira, G.R.P. and
Page 400 and 401: References 425 Nakahara, M. and Kai
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Page 420 and 421: References 445 Shi, D.S. 1984. Stud
Page 422 and 423: References 447 Singh, R. and Bhatt,
Page 424 and 425: References 449 Sinha, T.B. and Sing
Page 426 and 427: References 451 Soldevila, A.I. and
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Page 444 and 445: References 469 Waterston, J. 1915.
Page 446 and 447: References 471 Wilson, C.G. 1991. N
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