Biological Control of Insect Pests: Southeast Asian Prospects - EcoPort

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Scientific Index 527 Trichopoda pilipes (Fabricius) Dip.: Tachinidae 233 trifasciatus, Closterocerus trifolii, Liriomyza 197, 203, 211Ð214, 217, 221, 225, 231, Trigonogastra agromyzae, see Sphegigaster voltairei 245, 254 Trigonogastra rugosa, see Sphegigaster rugosa trilongifasciatus, Leptomastix trinidadensis, Ooencyrtus 254 Triommata coccidivora (Felt) Dip.: Cecidomyidae 293, 302 Trioxys Hym.: Aphidiidae 42, 57 Trioxys acalephae (Marshall) Hym.: Aphidiidae 41, 56 Trioxys angelicae (Haliday) Hym.: Aphidiidae 41, 56, 65, 71, 78 Trioxys asiaticus Telenga Hym.: Aphidiidae 41, 56 Trioxys auctus (Haliday) Hym.: Aphidiidae 41, 56 Trioxys basicurvus Shuja Uddin Hym.: Aphidiidae 56, 64 Trioxys centaureae (Haliday) Hym.: Aphidiidae 41 Trioxys cirsii (Curtis) Hym.: Aphidiidae 41 Trioxys communis Gahan Hym.: Aphidiidae 56, 63, 66Ð68, 78, 82, 83 Trioxys complanatus Quilis Hym.: Aphidiidae 42, 56 Trioxys equatus Samanta, Tamili and Raychaudhuri Hym.: Aphidiidae 56 Trioxys hokkaidensis Takada Hym.: Aphidiidae 42 Trioxys indicus Subba Rao & Sharma Hym.: Aphidiidae 42, 57, 61Ð65, 78, 79, 82, 83 Trioxys nearctaphidis (Mackauer) Hym.: Aphidiidae 42 Trioxys pallidus Haliday Hym.: Aphidiidae 57 Trioxys rietscheli Mackauer Hym.: Aphidiidae 57, 68 Trioxys rubicola Shuja Uddin Hym.: Aphidiidae 64 Trioxys sinensis Mackauer Hym.: Aphidiidae 42, 57, 67 Trioza citroimpura Yang and Li Hem.: Psyllidae 116 Trioza eastopi, see Trioza litseae 129 Trioza erytreae (Del Guerico) Hem.: Psyllidae 119, 120, 129, 130 Trioza litseae Bordaga Hem.: Psyllidae 129 Trissolcus Hym.: Scelionidae 201, 206, 211, 221, 226, 227, 233 Trissolcus aloysiisabaudiae (Fouts) Hym.: Scelionidae 206, 220 Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston) Hym.: Scelionidae 197, 201, 206, 209, 211Ð228, 230 Trissolcus brochymenae (Ashmead) Hym.: Scelionidae 206 Trissolcus crypticus Clarke Hym.: Scelionidae 207, 210, 211 Trissolcus euschisti Ashmead Hym.: Scelionidae 207 Trissolcus hullensis (Harrington) Hym.: Scelionidae 207
528 Biological Control of Insect Pests: Southeast Asian Prospects Trissolcus lepelleyi (Nixon) Hym.: Scelionidae 207, 220 Trissolcus lodosi (Szab—) Hym.: Scelionidae 207 Trissolcus maro Nixon Hym.: Scelionidae 207, 220 Trissolcus mitsukurii (Ashmead) Hym.: Scelionidae 206, 211Ð215, 217, 221, 224, 229 Trissolcus oenone (Dodd) Hym.: Scelionidae 206 Trissolcus ogyges (Dodd) Hym.: Scelionidae 206 Trissolcus rudus Le Hym.: Scelionidae 206 Trissolcus scuticarinatus (Costa Lima) Hym.: Scelionidae 206 Trissolcus sipius (Nixon) Hym.: Scelionidae 206, 220 Trissolcus solocis Johnson Hym.: Scelionidae 206 Trissolcus thyantae Ashmead Hym.: Scelionidae 206 Trissolcus urichi Hym.: Scelionidae 206 Trissolcus utahensis Hym.: Scelionidae tristicolor, Orius tristis, Anasa 206 Trogus exaltatorius Panzer Hym.: Ichneumonidae 12 Tropidophryne melvillei Compere Hym.: Encyrtidae truncatellum, Copidosoma 309 ultimus, Gambrus uncinatus, Scymnus undecimpunctata, Coccinella unicolor, Leptochirus unicolor, Priochirus urichi, Trissolcus urozonus, Eupelmus urticae, Aphidius utahensis, Trissolcus uzbekistanicus, Aphidius v-nigrum, Olla varicornis, Hemiptarsenus variegata, Adonia variegata, Hippodamia variegatus, Cirrospilus varipes, Aphelinus venator, Lissauchenius ventralis, Rhizobius
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Biological Control of Insect Pests:
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ii The Australian Centre for Intern
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iv 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 Natural enem
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vi 4.14 4.15 4.16 Phyllocnistis cit
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1 Abstract Introduction 1 Biologica
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3 Introduction Introduction 3 Water
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Figure 1. Introduction 5 integratio
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Introduction 7 necessary those used
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10 Biological Control of Insect Pes
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Table 4.1.1 Natural enemies of Agri
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Table 4.2.1 Average figures (days)
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Table 4.2.2 Natural enemies of Anom
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Table 4.2.2 (contÕd) Natural enemi
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Table 3 Order No. of +s 26 1. 41 2.
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4.4 Aphis gossypii India Myanmar ++
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Host plants Damage 4.4 Aphis gossyp
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4.4 Aphis gossypii the abundance of
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) HYMENOPTERA A
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) HYMENOPTERA A
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids o
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids o
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 59 Under humid c
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Table 4.4.3 Releases for the biolog
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 63 that the lyco
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IRAQ ISRAEL 4.4 Aphis gossypii 65 d
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 67 Lysiphlebus t
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USA USSR 4.4 Aphis gossypii 69 Lysi
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 71 the posterior
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 73 Aphidius cole
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 75 Ephedrus plag
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 77 as attacking
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Diptera 4.4 Aphis gossypii 79 insta
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 81 probing) of s
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 83 open fields w
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Table 4.5.1 Insect predators of Cos
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Table 4.5.1 (contÕd) Insect predat
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Table 4.5.2 Introductions for the b
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Table 4.5.2 (contÕd) Introductions
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100 Biological Control of Insect Pe
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Table 4.7.2 (contÕd) Diaphorina ci
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Table 4.7.4 (contÕd) Hyperparasito
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Table 4.7.5 (contÕd) Hyperparsitoi
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4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes India 20°
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Biology 4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes 14
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Natural enemies 4.9 Dysmicoccus bre
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Table 4.9.2 Introductions for the b
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Table 4.9.2 (contÕd) Introductions
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4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes 153 INDONE
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TRINIDAD USA 4.9 Dysmicoccus brevip
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei India 20°
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Biology 4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 15
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 161 tissue
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Host plants 4.10 Hypothenemus hampe
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 165 the en
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 167 remain
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Table 4.10.1 (contÕd) Natural enem
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Asia 4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 171 C
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Table 4.10.2 (contÕd) Introduction
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 175 relati
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 177 to 30%
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 179 P. nas
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 181 Planta
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 183 Asian
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Table 4.11.1 Development times, and
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Table 4.11.2 Natural enemies of Leu
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4.12 Nezara viridula India Myanmar
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Biology Damage 4.12 Nezara viridula
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4.12 Nezara viridula 201 which cons
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Table 4.12.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids
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4.12 Nezara viridula 209 attracted
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Table 4.12.2 Introductions for the
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4.12 Nezara viridula 217 Doubt has
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4.12 Nezara viridula 219 Africa and
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BRAZIL 4.12 Nezara viridula 221 par
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4.12 Nezara viridula 223 parasitisa
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4.12 Nezara viridula 225 Anastatus
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THAILAND TONGA USA VANUATU 4.12 Nez
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4.12 Nezara viridula 229 Gryon sp.
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4.12 Nezara viridula 231 reproducti
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4.12 Nezara viridula 233 Ectophasio
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli India Myanm
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Biology Host plants 4.13 Ophiomyia
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Natural enemies 4.13 Ophiomyia phas
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EGYPT ETHIOPIA 4.13 Ophiomyia phase
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 247 Three a
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Attempts at biological control 4.13
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The more important parasitoids 4.13
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 253 its hos
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Comment 4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 255
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The Major Invertebrate Pests and We
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4.15 Planococcus citri India 20° M
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Biology Host plants 4.15 Planococcu
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Table 4.15.1 Predators of Planococc
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Table 4.15.1 (contÕd) Predators of
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Table 4.15.1 (contÕd) Predators of
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Table 4.15.2 Parasitoids of Planoco
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4.15 Planococcus citri 299 The ency
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BRAZIL CHILE CHINA CUBA CYPRUS FRAN
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ISRAEL 4.15 Planococcus citri 303 R
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4.15 Planococcus citri 305 When the
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Table 4.15.4 Introductions for the
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Biology of important natural enemie
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4.15 Planococcus citri 313 Diomus p
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Comments 4.15 Planococcus citri 315
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni India 20° Mya
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Host plants 4.16 Trichoplusia ni 31
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 321 describing
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Table 4.16.2 (contÕd) Some predato
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Table 4.16.2 (contÕd) Some predato
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 335 Introducti
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 337 Table 4.16
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Table 4.16.6 Natural enemies of Tri
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 341 It was sug
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 343 13.85 days
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 345 Voria rura
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 347 when 2nd o
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5 References 349 Abasa, R.O. 1975.
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References 351 Alfaro, F., Garcia-M
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References 353 Argyriou, L.C. 1970.
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References 355 Ayoub, M.A. 1960. Ph
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References 357 Barrera, J.F., Gomez
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References 359 Beattie, G.A.C. and
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References 361 Berkani, A. 1995. Re
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References 363 Boling, J.C. and Pit
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References 365 Brun, L.O., Marcilla
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References 367 Cantrell, B.K. 1984.
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References 369 Cenda-a, S.M., Gabri
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References 371 Chien, C.C., Chu, Y.
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References 373 CIE 1985. Distributi
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References 375 Compere, H. 1939. Me
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References 377 Crouzel, I.S. and Sa
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References 379 De Oliveira Filho, M
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References 381 Ding, Y., Li, M. and
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References 383 Elliott, N.C., Frenc
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References 385 Ferreira, A.J. and B
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References 387 Foerster, L.A., Quei
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References 389 Garcia, A. and Barri
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References 391 Godin, C. and Boivin
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References 393 Guido, A.S. and Ruff
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References 395 Hayat, M. and Lin, K
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References 397 Hofmaster, R.N. 1961
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References 399 Huo, S.T., Wei, Z.G.
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References 401 Jackson, C.G., Neema
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References 403 Jones, W.A. 1979. Th
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References 405 Kester, K.M., Smith,
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References 407 Komazaki, S. 1993. B
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References 409 Kushida, T., Katagir
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References 411 Lee, S.C., Yoo, J.K.
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References 413 Liljesthršm, G.G. 1
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References 415 Lo, K.C. and Chiu, S
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References 417 Manjunath, T.M. 1972
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References 419 McCutcheon, G.S. and
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References 421 Michael, P.J. 1981.
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References 423 Moreira, G.R.P. and
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References 425 Nakahara, M. and Kai
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References 427 Nixon, G.E.J. 1937.
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References 429 Oncuer, C. and Bayha
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References 431 Panis, A. 1977. Pseu
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References 433 Pe-a, J.E., Gilbin-D
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References 435 Prinsloo, G.L. 1985.
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References 437 Reddy, K.B. and Bhat
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References 439 Roepke, W. 1912. On
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References 441 Saha, J.L. and Agarw
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References 443 Schlinger, E.I. and
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References 445 Shi, D.S. 1984. Stud
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References 447 Singh, R. and Bhatt,
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References 449 Sinha, T.B. and Sing
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References 451 Soldevila, A.I. and
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References 453 Starù, P. and Ghosh
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References 455 Steinkraus, D.C., Sl
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References 457 Swezey, O.H. 1931. R
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References 459 Tewari, G.C. and Sar
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References 461 Tranfaglia, A. 1979.
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References 463 Ujiye, T. 1990. Stud
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References 465 van Steenis, M.J. 19
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References 469 Waterston, J. 1915.
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References 471 Wilson, C.G. 1991. N
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