Biological Control of Insect Pests: Southeast Asian Prospects - EcoPort

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References 405 Kester, K.M., Smith, C.M. and Gilman, D.F. 1984. Mechanisms of resistance in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) genotype P1171444 to the southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Environmental Entomology 13: 1208Ð1215. Khalifa, A. and Sharaf El-Din, N. 1964. Biological and ecological study on Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Bulletin de la SociŽtŽ Entomologique d'Egypte 48: 131Ð153. Khan, M.Q. 1956. Cotton semilooper Anomis flava (Fb.) in Hyderabad State. Indian Journal of Entomology 18: 461Ð462. Khan, Z.R., Ward, J.T. and Norris, D.M. 1986. Role of trichromes in soybean resistance to cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 42: 109Ð117. Khoo, K.C., Ooi, P.A.C. and Ho, C.T. 1991. Crop Pests and their Management in Malaysia. Tropical Press, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 242pp. Kiguchi, K. and Shimoda, M. 1994. The sweet potato hornworm, Agrius convolvuli, as a new experimental insect: continuous rearing using artificial diets. Zoological Science 11: 143Ð147. Kiritani, K. and Hokyo N. 1962. Studies on the life table of the southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula. Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology 6: 124Ð140. Kiritani, K., Hokyo, N. and Yukawa, J. 1963. Co-existence of the two related stink bugs, Nezara viridula and N. antennata under natural conditions. Research in Population Ecology 5: 11Ð22. Kiritani, K. and Sasaba, T. 1969. The differences in bio- and ecological characteristics between neighbouring populations in the southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula L. Japanese Journal of Ecology 19: 178Ð183. Kirkpatrick, T.H. 1963. Control of the cotton looper Cosmophila flava (Fabr.) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) and notes on life history. Queensland Journal of Agricultural Science 20: 195Ð197. Kirkpatrick, T.W. 1954. Notes on Psuedonaphis maculans Barnes, a cecidomyid endoparasite of aphids in Trinidad. BWI. Bulletin of Entomological Research 15: 777Ð781. Kishaba, A.N., Henneberry, T.J., Hancock, P.J. and Toba, H.H. 1967. Laboratory techniques for studying flight of cabbage looper moths and the effects of age, sex, food and tepa on flight characteristics. Journal of Economic Entomology 60: 359Ð366.
406 Biological Control of Insect Pests: Southeast Asian Prospects Kishino, K.I. and Teixeira, A.R. 1994. Use of natural enemies for the control of soybean insect pests in the Cerrados region. Relatorio Technico do Projeto Nipo Brasileiro de Cooperacao em Pesquisa Agricola 1987Ð1992, 1994: 127Ð155. Klein Koch, C. 1986. La broca del cafŽ (Hypothenemus hampei). GTZ booklet 45pp. Klein Koch, C. 1989a. Perspectivas en el control biotecnologico de la broca del cafŽ (Hypothenemus hampei Ferr.). ASIC 13 me Colloque, Paipa pp. 717Ð725. Klein Koch, C. 1989b. Natural regulation factors and classical biological control of the coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari) in Ecuador. In: Proceedings, Symposium on Integrated Pest Management in Tropical and Subtropical Cropping Systems. February 8Ð15, 1989. Bad DŸrkheim, Federal Republic of Germany. 313Ð322. Klein Koch, C. 1989c. El control biologico de plagas en Ecuador. Sanidad Vegetal 4: 5Ð20. Klein Koch, C. 1990. Natural regulation factors and classical biological control of the coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari) in Ecuador. Integrated Pest Management in Tropical and Subtropical Cropping Systems 89. (2): 331Ð344. Klein Koch, C., Espinosa, O., Tandazo, A., Cisneros, P. and Delgado, D. 1988. Natural regulatory factors and biological control of coffee borer (Hypothenemus hampei Ferr.). (in Spanish). Sanidad Vegetal 3: 5Ð30. Klein Koch, C., Molinari, P. and Tandazo, A. 1987. Distribucion nivelles de infestacion de la broca del cafŽ (Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari). Sanidad Vegetal 2: 4Ð12. Kleinschmidt, R.P. 1970. Studies of some Agromyzidae in Queensland. Queensland Journal of Agricultural and Animal Science 27: 341Ð384. Knapp, J., Pena, J., Stansly, P., Heppner, J. and Yang, Y. 1993. Citrus leafminer, a new pest of citrus in Florida. Citrus Industry 74(10): 42Ð43, 62. Knorr, L.C., Paterson, E.C. and Proctor, J.H. 1961. World Citrus problems 1. Aden Protectorate. FAO Plant Protection Bulletin 9: 91Ð98. Kobakhidze, D.N. 1965. Some results and prospects of the utilization of beneficial entomophagous insects in control of insect pests in Georgian SSR. Entomophaga 10: 323Ð330. Kobayashi, T. and Cosenza, G.W. 1987. Integrated control of soybean stink bugs in the Cerrados. Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly 20: 229Ð236. Koch, V.J.M. 1973. Abundance of Hypothenemus hampei Ferr., the coffee seed scolytid, in relation to its host plant and its parasite Cephalonomia stephanoderis Betrem, in the Ivory Coast. Mededelingen Landbouwhogeschool Wageningen 16: 84pp. Kocourek, F., Berankova, J. and Jarosik, V. 1993. Introduction of predatory midge Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Rondani) for control of cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, on greenhouse cucumbers. Ochrena Rostlin 29: 179Ð185.
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Biological Control of Insect Pests:
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ii The Australian Centre for Intern
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iv 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 Natural enem
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vi 4.14 4.15 4.16 Phyllocnistis cit
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1 Abstract Introduction 1 Biologica
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3 Introduction Introduction 3 Water
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Figure 1. Introduction 5 integratio
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Introduction 7 necessary those used
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10 Biological Control of Insect Pes
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Table 4.1.1 Natural enemies of Agri
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Table 4.2.1 Average figures (days)
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Table 4.2.2 Natural enemies of Anom
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Table 4.2.2 (contÕd) Natural enemi
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Table 3 Order No. of +s 26 1. 41 2.
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4.4 Aphis gossypii India Myanmar ++
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Host plants Damage 4.4 Aphis gossyp
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4.4 Aphis gossypii the abundance of
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) HYMENOPTERA A
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) HYMENOPTERA A
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids o
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids o
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 59 Under humid c
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Table 4.4.3 Releases for the biolog
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 63 that the lyco
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IRAQ ISRAEL 4.4 Aphis gossypii 65 d
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 67 Lysiphlebus t
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USA USSR 4.4 Aphis gossypii 69 Lysi
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 71 the posterior
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 73 Aphidius cole
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 75 Ephedrus plag
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 77 as attacking
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Diptera 4.4 Aphis gossypii 79 insta
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 81 probing) of s
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 83 open fields w
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Table 4.5.1 Insect predators of Cos
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Table 4.5.1 (contÕd) Insect predat
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Table 4.5.2 Introductions for the b
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Table 4.5.2 (contÕd) Introductions
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100 Biological Control of Insect Pe
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Table 4.7.2 (contÕd) Diaphorina ci
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Table 4.7.4 (contÕd) Hyperparasito
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Table 4.7.5 (contÕd) Hyperparsitoi
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4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes India 20°
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Biology 4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes 14
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Natural enemies 4.9 Dysmicoccus bre
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Table 4.9.2 Introductions for the b
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Table 4.9.2 (contÕd) Introductions
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4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes 153 INDONE
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TRINIDAD USA 4.9 Dysmicoccus brevip
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei India 20°
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Biology 4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 15
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 161 tissue
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Host plants 4.10 Hypothenemus hampe
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 165 the en
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 167 remain
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Table 4.10.1 (contÕd) Natural enem
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Asia 4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 171 C
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Table 4.10.2 (contÕd) Introduction
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 175 relati
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 177 to 30%
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 179 P. nas
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 181 Planta
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 183 Asian
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Table 4.11.1 Development times, and
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Table 4.11.2 Natural enemies of Leu
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4.12 Nezara viridula India Myanmar
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Biology Damage 4.12 Nezara viridula
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4.12 Nezara viridula 201 which cons
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Table 4.12.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids
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4.12 Nezara viridula 209 attracted
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Table 4.12.2 Introductions for the
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4.12 Nezara viridula 217 Doubt has
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4.12 Nezara viridula 219 Africa and
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BRAZIL 4.12 Nezara viridula 221 par
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4.12 Nezara viridula 223 parasitisa
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4.12 Nezara viridula 225 Anastatus
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THAILAND TONGA USA VANUATU 4.12 Nez
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4.12 Nezara viridula 229 Gryon sp.
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4.12 Nezara viridula 231 reproducti
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4.12 Nezara viridula 233 Ectophasio
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli India Myanm
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Biology Host plants 4.13 Ophiomyia
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Natural enemies 4.13 Ophiomyia phas
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EGYPT ETHIOPIA 4.13 Ophiomyia phase
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 247 Three a
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Attempts at biological control 4.13
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The more important parasitoids 4.13
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 253 its hos
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Comment 4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 255
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The Major Invertebrate Pests and We
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4.15 Planococcus citri India 20° M
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Biology Host plants 4.15 Planococcu
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Table 4.15.1 Predators of Planococc
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Table 4.15.1 (contÕd) Predators of
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Table 4.15.1 (contÕd) Predators of
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Table 4.15.2 Parasitoids of Planoco
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4.15 Planococcus citri 299 The ency
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BRAZIL CHILE CHINA CUBA CYPRUS FRAN
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ISRAEL 4.15 Planococcus citri 303 R
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4.15 Planococcus citri 305 When the
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Table 4.15.4 Introductions for the
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Biology of important natural enemie
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4.15 Planococcus citri 313 Diomus p
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Comments 4.15 Planococcus citri 315
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni India 20° Mya
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Host plants 4.16 Trichoplusia ni 31
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 321 describing
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Table 4.16.2 (contÕd) Some predato
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Table 4.16.2 (contÕd) Some predato
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 335 Introducti
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 337 Table 4.16
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Table 4.16.6 Natural enemies of Tri
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 341 It was sug
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 343 13.85 days
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 345 Voria rura
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 347 when 2nd o
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5 References 349 Abasa, R.O. 1975.
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References 351 Alfaro, F., Garcia-M
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References 353 Argyriou, L.C. 1970.
Page 330 and 331: References 355 Ayoub, M.A. 1960. Ph
Page 332 and 333: References 357 Barrera, J.F., Gomez
Page 334 and 335: References 359 Beattie, G.A.C. and
Page 336 and 337: References 361 Berkani, A. 1995. Re
Page 338 and 339: References 363 Boling, J.C. and Pit
Page 340 and 341: References 365 Brun, L.O., Marcilla
Page 342 and 343: References 367 Cantrell, B.K. 1984.
Page 344 and 345: References 369 Cenda-a, S.M., Gabri
Page 346 and 347: References 371 Chien, C.C., Chu, Y.
Page 348 and 349: References 373 CIE 1985. Distributi
Page 350 and 351: References 375 Compere, H. 1939. Me
Page 352 and 353: References 377 Crouzel, I.S. and Sa
Page 354 and 355: References 379 De Oliveira Filho, M
Page 356 and 357: References 381 Ding, Y., Li, M. and
Page 358 and 359: References 383 Elliott, N.C., Frenc
Page 360 and 361: References 385 Ferreira, A.J. and B
Page 362 and 363: References 387 Foerster, L.A., Quei
Page 364 and 365: References 389 Garcia, A. and Barri
Page 366 and 367: References 391 Godin, C. and Boivin
Page 368 and 369: References 393 Guido, A.S. and Ruff
Page 370 and 371: References 395 Hayat, M. and Lin, K
Page 372 and 373: References 397 Hofmaster, R.N. 1961
Page 374 and 375: References 399 Huo, S.T., Wei, Z.G.
Page 376 and 377: References 401 Jackson, C.G., Neema
Page 378 and 379: References 403 Jones, W.A. 1979. Th
Page 382 and 383: References 407 Komazaki, S. 1993. B
Page 384 and 385: References 409 Kushida, T., Katagir
Page 386 and 387: References 411 Lee, S.C., Yoo, J.K.
Page 388 and 389: References 413 Liljesthršm, G.G. 1
Page 390 and 391: References 415 Lo, K.C. and Chiu, S
Page 392 and 393: References 417 Manjunath, T.M. 1972
Page 394 and 395: References 419 McCutcheon, G.S. and
Page 396 and 397: References 421 Michael, P.J. 1981.
Page 398 and 399: References 423 Moreira, G.R.P. and
Page 400 and 401: References 425 Nakahara, M. and Kai
Page 402 and 403: References 427 Nixon, G.E.J. 1937.
Page 404 and 405: References 429 Oncuer, C. and Bayha
Page 406 and 407: References 431 Panis, A. 1977. Pseu
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References 455 Steinkraus, D.C., Sl
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References 457 Swezey, O.H. 1931. R
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References 459 Tewari, G.C. and Sar
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References 461 Tranfaglia, A. 1979.
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References 463 Ujiye, T. 1990. Stud
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References 465 van Steenis, M.J. 19
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References 467 Vinson, S.B. and Sto
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References 469 Waterston, J. 1915.
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References 471 Wilson, C.G. 1991. N
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References 473 Xu, C.F., Xia, Y.H.,
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References 475 Zhang, X.L. 1987. Pr
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