Biological Control of Insect Pests: Southeast Asian Prospects - EcoPort

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References 361 Berkani, A. 1995. Recent shoot borer Phyllocnistis citrella infestations on citrus trees in Algeria. Fruits, Paris 50: 347Ð352. Berlinger, M.J., Tzahor, J. and Gol'berg, A.M. 1979. Contribution to the phenology of Chilocorus bipustulatus L. (Coccinellidae) in citrus groves and the control of Planococcus citri (Pseudococcidae) in Israel. Mededelingen van de Faculteit Landbouwwetenschappen Rijksuniversiteit Gent 44: 49Ð54. Bernays, E.A. and Montelor, C.B. 1989. Aposematism of Uresiphita reversalis larvae (Pyralidae). Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 43: 261Ð273. Betrem, J.G. 1932. Report of the Malang (Java) Experiment Station for 1931. Mededelingen van het Proefstation Malang 82: 55pp (in UltŽe 1932 and Review of Applied Entomology (A) 22: 5444, 1934). Betrem, J.G. 1961. Cephalonomia stephanoderis nov. spec. (Hym., Bethylidae). Entomologische Berichtung 21: 10pp. Bhagat, K.C. and Masoodi, M.A. 1986. Record of green lacewing fly, Chrysopa orestes Banks (Chrysopidae: Neuroptera), as a predator of the brinjal aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Aphididae: Homoptera). Indian Journal of Plant Protection 13: 132. Bhat, M.R. 1987. Aphelinus kashmiriensis Hyat Ñ a parasite of Aphis gossypii Glover (melon aphid) in Kashmir. Fagopyrum 7: 20 (Review of Agricultural Entomology 78: 5597, 1990). Bhat, N.S., Manjonatha, M. and Raju, G.T.T. 1990. Evaluation of moth bean varieties for resistance to four insect pests. Current Research 19(2): 30Ð31. Bhatt, N. and Singh, R. 1991a. Bionomics of an aphidiid parasitoid Trioxys indicus. 36. Natural incidence of the parasitoid on different food plants. Journal of Aphidology 5: (from Singh and Agarwala 1992). Bhatt, N. and Singh, R. 1991b. Bionomics of an aphidiid parasitoid, Trioxys indicus Subba Rao and Sharma 35. Influence of food plants on the life table statistics of the parasitoid through its host Aphis gossypii Glover. Insect Science and its Application 12: 385Ð389. Bhumannavar, B.S. and Singh, S.P. 1983. Studies on population dynamics of citrus leafminer Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Phyllocnistidae). Entomon 8: 397Ð400. Biever, K.D., Andrews, P.L. and Andrews, P.A. 1982. Use of a predator, Podisus maculiventris, to distribute virus and initiate epizootics. Journal of Economic Entomology 75: 150Ð152. Biever, K.D., Chauvin, R.L., Reed, G.L. and Wilson, R.C. 1992. Seasonal occurrence and abundance of lepidopterous pests and associated parasitoids on collards in the northwestern United States. Journal of Entomological Science 27: 518.
362 Biological Control of Insect Pests: Southeast Asian Prospects Bin, F., Strand, M.R. and Vinson, S.B. 1988. Antennal structures and mating behaviour in Trissolcus basalis (Woll.) (Hym.: Scelionidae), egg parasitoid of the green stink bug pp. 143Ð151 in Trichogramma and other Egg Parasites, 2nd International Symposium, Guangzhou, China November 10Ð15, 1986. INRA Paris. Bin, F., Vinson, S.B., Strand, M.R., Colazza, S. and Jones, W.A. 1993. Source of an egg kairomone for Trissolcus basalis: a parasitoid of Nezara viridula. Physiological Entomology 18: 7Ð15. Bishop, A.L., Blood, P.R.B., Day, R.E. and Everson, J.P. 1978. The distribution of cotton looper (Anomis flava Fabr.) larvae and larval damage on cotton and its relationship to the photosynthetic potential of cotton leaves at the attack sites. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 29: 319Ð325. Bjšstad, L.B., Linn, C.E., Du, J.W. and Roelofs, W.L. 1984. Identification of new sex pheromone components in Trichoplusia ni, predicted from biosynthetic precursors. Journal of Chemical Ecology 10: 1309Ð1323. Blanchard, E.E. 1966. New Argentine Trichopodini, parasites of injurious Hemiptera. (in Spanish, English summary). Revista Invest. Agropecuaria 3(7): 59Ð95 (Review of Applied Entomology 57: 1587). Bleicher, E., Ferraz, C.T. and Lamas, F.M. 1985. Suggestions for the control of cotton pests in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul (2nd approach) (in Portuguese). Comunicado Tecnico, Empresa de Pesquisa, Assistencia Tecnica e Extensao Rural de Mato Grosso do Sul 4: 1Ð15. Blumberg, D., Klein, M. and Mendel, Z. 1995. Response by encapsulation of four mealybug species (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) to parasitisation by Anagyrus pseudococci. Phytoparasitica 23: 157Ð163. Bodenheimer, F.S. 1928. Contributions towards the knowledge of the citrus insects in Palestine. 1. Preliminary report on the work of the Palestine breeding laboratory at Petahtikwa. Palestine Citrograph 1: 3Ð16. Bodenheimer, F.S. and Guttfeld, M. 1929. Uber die Mšglichkeiten einer biologischen Bekampfung von Pseudococcus citri Risso (Hom., Cocc.) in Palastina. Zeitschrift fŸr Angewandte Entomologie 15: 67Ð136. Boelpaepe, M.O., Forra, M.R. and Fernandes, J.E. 1992. Aphid pests of vegetable crops and aphidophagous insects caught in a suction trap in the Algarve, Portugal. Bulletin OILB 15: 16Ð27 (Review of Agricultural Entomology 81: 8965, 1993). Boldt, P.E., Marston, N. and Dickerson, W.A. 1973. Differential parasitism of several species of lepidopteran eggs by two species of Trichogramma. Environmental Entomology 2: 1121Ð1122.
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Biological Control of Insect Pests:
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ii The Australian Centre for Intern
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iv 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 Natural enem
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vi 4.14 4.15 4.16 Phyllocnistis cit
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1 Abstract Introduction 1 Biologica
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3 Introduction Introduction 3 Water
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Figure 1. Introduction 5 integratio
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Introduction 7 necessary those used
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10 Biological Control of Insect Pes
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Table 4.1.1 Natural enemies of Agri
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Table 4.2.1 Average figures (days)
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Table 4.2.2 Natural enemies of Anom
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Table 4.2.2 (contÕd) Natural enemi
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Table 3 Order No. of +s 26 1. 41 2.
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4.4 Aphis gossypii India Myanmar ++
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Host plants Damage 4.4 Aphis gossyp
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4.4 Aphis gossypii the abundance of
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) HYMENOPTERA A
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) HYMENOPTERA A
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids o
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids o
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 59 Under humid c
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Table 4.4.3 Releases for the biolog
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 63 that the lyco
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IRAQ ISRAEL 4.4 Aphis gossypii 65 d
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 67 Lysiphlebus t
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USA USSR 4.4 Aphis gossypii 69 Lysi
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 71 the posterior
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 73 Aphidius cole
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 75 Ephedrus plag
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 77 as attacking
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Diptera 4.4 Aphis gossypii 79 insta
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 81 probing) of s
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 83 open fields w
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Table 4.5.1 Insect predators of Cos
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Table 4.5.1 (contÕd) Insect predat
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Table 4.5.2 Introductions for the b
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Table 4.5.2 (contÕd) Introductions
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100 Biological Control of Insect Pe
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Table 4.7.2 (contÕd) Diaphorina ci
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Table 4.7.4 (contÕd) Hyperparasito
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Table 4.7.5 (contÕd) Hyperparsitoi
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4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes India 20°
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Biology 4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes 14
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Natural enemies 4.9 Dysmicoccus bre
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Table 4.9.2 Introductions for the b
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Table 4.9.2 (contÕd) Introductions
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4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes 153 INDONE
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TRINIDAD USA 4.9 Dysmicoccus brevip
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei India 20°
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Biology 4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 15
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 161 tissue
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Host plants 4.10 Hypothenemus hampe
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 165 the en
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 167 remain
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Table 4.10.1 (contÕd) Natural enem
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Asia 4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 171 C
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Table 4.10.2 (contÕd) Introduction
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 175 relati
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 177 to 30%
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 179 P. nas
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 181 Planta
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 183 Asian
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Table 4.11.1 Development times, and
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Table 4.11.2 Natural enemies of Leu
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4.12 Nezara viridula India Myanmar
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Biology Damage 4.12 Nezara viridula
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4.12 Nezara viridula 201 which cons
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Table 4.12.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids
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4.12 Nezara viridula 209 attracted
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Table 4.12.2 Introductions for the
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4.12 Nezara viridula 217 Doubt has
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4.12 Nezara viridula 219 Africa and
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BRAZIL 4.12 Nezara viridula 221 par
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4.12 Nezara viridula 223 parasitisa
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4.12 Nezara viridula 225 Anastatus
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THAILAND TONGA USA VANUATU 4.12 Nez
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4.12 Nezara viridula 229 Gryon sp.
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4.12 Nezara viridula 231 reproducti
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4.12 Nezara viridula 233 Ectophasio
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli India Myanm
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Biology Host plants 4.13 Ophiomyia
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Natural enemies 4.13 Ophiomyia phas
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EGYPT ETHIOPIA 4.13 Ophiomyia phase
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 247 Three a
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Attempts at biological control 4.13
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The more important parasitoids 4.13
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 253 its hos
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Comment 4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 255
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The Major Invertebrate Pests and We
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4.15 Planococcus citri India 20° M
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Biology Host plants 4.15 Planococcu
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Table 4.15.1 Predators of Planococc
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Table 4.15.1 (contÕd) Predators of
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Table 4.15.1 (contÕd) Predators of
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Table 4.15.2 Parasitoids of Planoco
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4.15 Planococcus citri 299 The ency
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BRAZIL CHILE CHINA CUBA CYPRUS FRAN
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ISRAEL 4.15 Planococcus citri 303 R
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4.15 Planococcus citri 305 When the
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Table 4.15.4 Introductions for the
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Page 314 and 315: Table 4.16.6 Natural enemies of Tri
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Page 324 and 325: 5 References 349 Abasa, R.O. 1975.
Page 326 and 327: References 351 Alfaro, F., Garcia-M
Page 328 and 329: References 353 Argyriou, L.C. 1970.
Page 330 and 331: References 355 Ayoub, M.A. 1960. Ph
Page 332 and 333: References 357 Barrera, J.F., Gomez
Page 334 and 335: References 359 Beattie, G.A.C. and
Page 338 and 339: References 363 Boling, J.C. and Pit
Page 340 and 341: References 365 Brun, L.O., Marcilla
Page 342 and 343: References 367 Cantrell, B.K. 1984.
Page 344 and 345: References 369 Cenda-a, S.M., Gabri
Page 346 and 347: References 371 Chien, C.C., Chu, Y.
Page 348 and 349: References 373 CIE 1985. Distributi
Page 350 and 351: References 375 Compere, H. 1939. Me
Page 352 and 353: References 377 Crouzel, I.S. and Sa
Page 354 and 355: References 379 De Oliveira Filho, M
Page 356 and 357: References 381 Ding, Y., Li, M. and
Page 358 and 359: References 383 Elliott, N.C., Frenc
Page 360 and 361: References 385 Ferreira, A.J. and B
Page 362 and 363: References 387 Foerster, L.A., Quei
Page 364 and 365: References 389 Garcia, A. and Barri
Page 366 and 367: References 391 Godin, C. and Boivin
Page 368 and 369: References 393 Guido, A.S. and Ruff
Page 370 and 371: References 395 Hayat, M. and Lin, K
Page 372 and 373: References 397 Hofmaster, R.N. 1961
Page 374 and 375: References 399 Huo, S.T., Wei, Z.G.
Page 376 and 377: References 401 Jackson, C.G., Neema
Page 378 and 379: References 403 Jones, W.A. 1979. Th
Page 380 and 381: References 405 Kester, K.M., Smith,
Page 382 and 383: References 407 Komazaki, S. 1993. B
Page 384 and 385: References 409 Kushida, T., Katagir
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References 411 Lee, S.C., Yoo, J.K.
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References 413 Liljesthršm, G.G. 1
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References 415 Lo, K.C. and Chiu, S
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References 417 Manjunath, T.M. 1972
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References 419 McCutcheon, G.S. and
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References 421 Michael, P.J. 1981.
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References 423 Moreira, G.R.P. and
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References 425 Nakahara, M. and Kai
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References 427 Nixon, G.E.J. 1937.
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References 429 Oncuer, C. and Bayha
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References 431 Panis, A. 1977. Pseu
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References 433 Pe-a, J.E., Gilbin-D
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References 435 Prinsloo, G.L. 1985.
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References 437 Reddy, K.B. and Bhat
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References 439 Roepke, W. 1912. On
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References 441 Saha, J.L. and Agarw
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References 443 Schlinger, E.I. and
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References 445 Shi, D.S. 1984. Stud
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References 447 Singh, R. and Bhatt,
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References 449 Sinha, T.B. and Sing
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References 451 Soldevila, A.I. and
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References 453 Starù, P. and Ghosh
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References 455 Steinkraus, D.C., Sl
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References 457 Swezey, O.H. 1931. R
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References 459 Tewari, G.C. and Sar
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References 461 Tranfaglia, A. 1979.
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References 463 Ujiye, T. 1990. Stud
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References 465 van Steenis, M.J. 19
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References 467 Vinson, S.B. and Sto
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References 469 Waterston, J. 1915.
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References 471 Wilson, C.G. 1991. N
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References 473 Xu, C.F., Xia, Y.H.,
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References 475 Zhang, X.L. 1987. Pr
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