Biological Control of Insect Pests: Southeast Asian Prospects - EcoPort

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References 417 Manjunath, T.M. 1972. Some new records of parasites of Trichoplusia ni and Plusia orichalcea in India. Current Science 41: 130Ð132. Mansingh, A. and Rhodes, L.F. 1983. Bioassay of various formulations of insecticides on the egg and larval stages of the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari (Scolytidae: Coleoptera). Insect Science and its Application 4: 223Ð226. Manweiler, S.A. 1986. Developmental and ecological comparisons of Trichogramma minutum and Trichogramma platneri (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Pan Pacific Entomologist 62: 128Ð139. Mao, G.H. and Xia, Z.C. 1983. Observations on the population dynamics of the natural enemies of the cotton aphid on cotton (in Chinese). Insect Knowledge 20: 217Ð219 (Review of Applied Entomology (A) 72: 8043, 1984). Marchal, P. 1921. Utilisation des coccinelles contre les insectes nuisibles aux cultures dans le Midi de France. Comptes Rendus Hebdomaire AcadŽmie des Sciences, Paris 172: 105Ð107. Marchal, P. 1922. Utilisation d'une coccinelle Australienne (Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Muls.) dans la lutte contre les cochenilles blanches et son introduction en France. Annales du Service des Epiphytes 8: 1Ð2. Marchal, P. and Pussard, R. 1938. Acclimation de Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Muls. Comptes Rendu de l'Academie d'Agriculture et Foresti re 24: 972Ð976. Marston, N. and Ertle, L.R. 1973. Host influence of the bionomics of Trichogramma minutum. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 66: 1155Ð1162. Marston, N.L., Schmidt, G.T. Biever, K.D. and Dickerson, W.A. 1978. Reaction of five species of soybean caterpillars to attack by the predator, Podisus maculiventris. Environmental Entomology 7: 53Ð56. Martin, P.B., Lingren, P.D. and Greene, G.L. 1976a. Relative abundance and host preference of cabbage looper, soybean looper, tobacco budworm and corn earworm on crops grown in northern Florida. Environmental Entomology 5: 878Ð882. Martin, P.B., Lingren, P.D. and Greene, G.L. 1984. Role of parasitoids and predators in regulating populations. In: Lingren, P.D. and Green, G.L., ed., 1984. Suppression and management of cabbage looper populations. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Technical Bulletin No 1684, 76Ð91. Martin, P.B., Lingren, P.D., Greene, G.L. and Grissell, E.E. 1982. The parasitoid complex of three noctuids (Lep.) in a northern Florida cropping system: seasonal occurrence, parasitization, alternate hosts, and influence of host habitat. Entomophaga 26: 401Ð419.
418 Biological Control of Insect Pests: Southeast Asian Prospects Martin, P.B., Lingren, P.D., Greene, G.L. and Ridgway, R.L. 1976b. Parasitization of two species of plusiinae and Heliothis spp. after releases of Trichogramma pretiosum in seven crops. Environmental Entomology 5: 991Ð995. Martinez, A.M. and Bravo, N. 1989. Aspergillus flavus Dirk., natural control of different species of mealybugs. Revista de Proteccion Vegetal 4: 83Ð84. Martinez, A.M. and Suris, M. 1987a. Development of Planococcus citri on coffee. (in Spanish, English summary). Revista de Proteccion Vegetal 2: 32Ð36. Martinez, A.M. and Suris, M. 1987b. Developmental variations of Planococcus citri using potato tuber as an alternative substrate. Revista de Proteccion Vegetal 2: 130Ð133. Martinez, A.M., Hernandez, M. and Ceballos, M. 1992. Ecological relationships of natural enemies of Planococcus citri (Risso) in III Frente, Santiago de Cuba. (in Spanish, English summary). Revista de Proteccion Vegetal 7: 27Ð29. Marullo, R. 1985. Sphere of activity of two species of endoparasitoids of aphids, Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall) and Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson) (Hym.: Braconidae). Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria Filippo Silvestri 42: 221Ð232 (Review of Applied Entomology (A) 77: 2323, 1989). Masner, L. 1983. A revision of Gryon Haliday in North America (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea: Scelionidae). Canadian Entomologist 115: 123Ð174. Mason, F.R. 1941. Notes on mealybugs and their parasites. Annual Report, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries (Palestine) for the year ended 31 March 1941: 4Ð15. Masuda, T. and Kikuchi, O. 1992. Pathogenicity of Verticillium lecanii isolates to whitefly and aphids (in Japanese, English summary). Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology 36: 239Ð245 (Review of Agricultural Entomology 81: 6649, 1993). Masum, A. 1994. Study of the foraging behaviour of Aphidius matricariae Haliday (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Mysore Journal of Agricultural Sciences 28: 127Ð131. Mattiacci, L., Vinson, S.B., Williams, H.J., Aldrich, J.R. and Bin, F. 1993. A long-range attractant kairomone for egg parasitoid Trissolcus basalis isolated from defensive secretion of its host, Nezara viridula. Journal of Chemical Ecology 19: 1167Ð1181. Mattiacci, L., Vinson, S.B., Williams, H.J., Aldrich, J.R., Colazza, S. and Bin, F. 1991. Kairomones for the egg parasitoid Trissolcus basalis (Woll.): isolation and identification of a compound from the metathoracic glands of Nezara viridula L. Redia 74: 167Ð168. Maxwell-Lefroy, H. and Howlett, F.M. 1909. Indian Insect Life. A Manual of the Insects of the Plains (Tropical India). Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, India.
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Biological Control of Insect Pests:
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ii The Australian Centre for Intern
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iv 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 Natural enem
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vi 4.14 4.15 4.16 Phyllocnistis cit
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1 Abstract Introduction 1 Biologica
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3 Introduction Introduction 3 Water
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Figure 1. Introduction 5 integratio
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Introduction 7 necessary those used
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10 Biological Control of Insect Pes
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Table 4.1.1 Natural enemies of Agri
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Table 4.2.1 Average figures (days)
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Table 4.2.2 Natural enemies of Anom
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Table 4.2.2 (contÕd) Natural enemi
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Table 3 Order No. of +s 26 1. 41 2.
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4.4 Aphis gossypii India Myanmar ++
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Host plants Damage 4.4 Aphis gossyp
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4.4 Aphis gossypii the abundance of
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) HYMENOPTERA A
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) HYMENOPTERA A
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids o
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Table 4.4.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids o
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 59 Under humid c
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Table 4.4.3 Releases for the biolog
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 63 that the lyco
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IRAQ ISRAEL 4.4 Aphis gossypii 65 d
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 67 Lysiphlebus t
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USA USSR 4.4 Aphis gossypii 69 Lysi
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 71 the posterior
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 73 Aphidius cole
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 75 Ephedrus plag
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 77 as attacking
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Diptera 4.4 Aphis gossypii 79 insta
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 81 probing) of s
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4.4 Aphis gossypii 83 open fields w
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Table 4.5.1 Insect predators of Cos
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Table 4.5.1 (contÕd) Insect predat
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Table 4.5.2 Introductions for the b
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Table 4.5.2 (contÕd) Introductions
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100 Biological Control of Insect Pe
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Table 4.7.2 (contÕd) Diaphorina ci
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Table 4.7.4 (contÕd) Hyperparasito
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Table 4.7.5 (contÕd) Hyperparsitoi
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4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes India 20°
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Biology 4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes 14
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Natural enemies 4.9 Dysmicoccus bre
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Table 4.9.2 Introductions for the b
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Table 4.9.2 (contÕd) Introductions
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4.9 Dysmicoccus brevipes 153 INDONE
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TRINIDAD USA 4.9 Dysmicoccus brevip
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei India 20°
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Biology 4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 15
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 161 tissue
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Host plants 4.10 Hypothenemus hampe
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 165 the en
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 167 remain
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Table 4.10.1 (contÕd) Natural enem
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Asia 4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 171 C
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Table 4.10.2 (contÕd) Introduction
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 175 relati
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 177 to 30%
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 179 P. nas
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 181 Planta
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4.10 Hypothenemus hampei 183 Asian
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Table 4.11.1 Development times, and
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Table 4.11.2 Natural enemies of Leu
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4.12 Nezara viridula India Myanmar
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Biology Damage 4.12 Nezara viridula
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4.12 Nezara viridula 201 which cons
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Table 4.12.1 (contÕd) Parasitoids
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4.12 Nezara viridula 209 attracted
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Table 4.12.2 Introductions for the
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4.12 Nezara viridula 217 Doubt has
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4.12 Nezara viridula 219 Africa and
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BRAZIL 4.12 Nezara viridula 221 par
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4.12 Nezara viridula 223 parasitisa
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4.12 Nezara viridula 225 Anastatus
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THAILAND TONGA USA VANUATU 4.12 Nez
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4.12 Nezara viridula 229 Gryon sp.
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4.12 Nezara viridula 231 reproducti
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4.12 Nezara viridula 233 Ectophasio
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli India Myanm
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Biology Host plants 4.13 Ophiomyia
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Natural enemies 4.13 Ophiomyia phas
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EGYPT ETHIOPIA 4.13 Ophiomyia phase
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 247 Three a
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Attempts at biological control 4.13
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The more important parasitoids 4.13
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4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 253 its hos
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Comment 4.13 Ophiomyia phaseoli 255
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The Major Invertebrate Pests and We
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4.15 Planococcus citri India 20° M
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Biology Host plants 4.15 Planococcu
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Table 4.15.1 Predators of Planococc
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Table 4.15.1 (contÕd) Predators of
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Table 4.15.1 (contÕd) Predators of
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Table 4.15.2 Parasitoids of Planoco
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4.15 Planococcus citri 299 The ency
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BRAZIL CHILE CHINA CUBA CYPRUS FRAN
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ISRAEL 4.15 Planococcus citri 303 R
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4.15 Planococcus citri 305 When the
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Table 4.15.4 Introductions for the
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Biology of important natural enemie
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4.15 Planococcus citri 313 Diomus p
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Comments 4.15 Planococcus citri 315
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni India 20° Mya
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Host plants 4.16 Trichoplusia ni 31
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 321 describing
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Table 4.16.2 (contÕd) Some predato
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Table 4.16.2 (contÕd) Some predato
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 335 Introducti
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 337 Table 4.16
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Table 4.16.6 Natural enemies of Tri
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 341 It was sug
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 343 13.85 days
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 345 Voria rura
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4.16 Trichoplusia ni 347 when 2nd o
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5 References 349 Abasa, R.O. 1975.
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References 351 Alfaro, F., Garcia-M
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References 353 Argyriou, L.C. 1970.
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References 355 Ayoub, M.A. 1960. Ph
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References 357 Barrera, J.F., Gomez
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References 359 Beattie, G.A.C. and
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References 361 Berkani, A. 1995. Re
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References 363 Boling, J.C. and Pit
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References 365 Brun, L.O., Marcilla
Page 342 and 343: References 367 Cantrell, B.K. 1984.
Page 344 and 345: References 369 Cenda-a, S.M., Gabri
Page 346 and 347: References 371 Chien, C.C., Chu, Y.
Page 348 and 349: References 373 CIE 1985. Distributi
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Page 352 and 353: References 377 Crouzel, I.S. and Sa
Page 354 and 355: References 379 De Oliveira Filho, M
Page 356 and 357: References 381 Ding, Y., Li, M. and
Page 358 and 359: References 383 Elliott, N.C., Frenc
Page 360 and 361: References 385 Ferreira, A.J. and B
Page 362 and 363: References 387 Foerster, L.A., Quei
Page 364 and 365: References 389 Garcia, A. and Barri
Page 366 and 367: References 391 Godin, C. and Boivin
Page 368 and 369: References 393 Guido, A.S. and Ruff
Page 370 and 371: References 395 Hayat, M. and Lin, K
Page 372 and 373: References 397 Hofmaster, R.N. 1961
Page 374 and 375: References 399 Huo, S.T., Wei, Z.G.
Page 376 and 377: References 401 Jackson, C.G., Neema
Page 378 and 379: References 403 Jones, W.A. 1979. Th
Page 380 and 381: References 405 Kester, K.M., Smith,
Page 382 and 383: References 407 Komazaki, S. 1993. B
Page 384 and 385: References 409 Kushida, T., Katagir
Page 386 and 387: References 411 Lee, S.C., Yoo, J.K.
Page 388 and 389: References 413 Liljesthršm, G.G. 1
Page 390 and 391: References 415 Lo, K.C. and Chiu, S
Page 394 and 395: References 419 McCutcheon, G.S. and
Page 396 and 397: References 421 Michael, P.J. 1981.
Page 398 and 399: References 423 Moreira, G.R.P. and
Page 400 and 401: References 425 Nakahara, M. and Kai
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Page 406 and 407: References 431 Panis, A. 1977. Pseu
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Page 414 and 415: References 439 Roepke, W. 1912. On
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Page 420 and 421: References 445 Shi, D.S. 1984. Stud
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Page 424 and 425: References 449 Sinha, T.B. and Sing
Page 426 and 427: References 451 Soldevila, A.I. and
Page 428 and 429: References 453 Starù, P. and Ghosh
Page 430 and 431: References 455 Steinkraus, D.C., Sl
Page 432 and 433: References 457 Swezey, O.H. 1931. R
Page 434 and 435: References 459 Tewari, G.C. and Sar
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Page 438 and 439: References 463 Ujiye, T. 1990. Stud
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References 467 Vinson, S.B. and Sto
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References 469 Waterston, J. 1915.
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References 471 Wilson, C.G. 1991. N
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References 473 Xu, C.F., Xia, Y.H.,
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References 475 Zhang, X.L. 1987. Pr
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